2. REQUIREMENTS TO THERMAL INSULATING CONSTRUCTIONS,
PRODUCTS AND MATERIALS
2.1. Thermal insulation structures should be provided from the following elements:
thermal insulation layer;
reinforcing and fastening parts;
vapor barrier layer;
cover layer.
The protective coating of the insulated surface against corrosion is not part of the thermal insulation structure.
2.2. In a heat-insulating structure, the vapor barrier layer should be provided at an insulated surface temperature below 12 ° C.The need for a vapor barrier layer at a temperature of 12 to 20 ° C is determined by calculation.
2.3. For a heat-insulating layer of equipment and pipelines with positive temperatures of the substances contained in them for all methods of gaskets, except for non-channel, materials and articles with an average density of not more than 400 kg / m3 and a thermal conductivity of not more than 0.07 W /( m × ° C)( at a temperature of 25 ° C and humidity specified in the relevant state standards and specifications for materials and products).It is allowed to use asbestos cords for insulation of pipelines with a conditional pass up to 50 mm inclusive.
For the insulation of surfaces with a temperature above 400 ° C, the use of products with a thermal conductivity of more than 0.07 W /( m × ° C) is allowed as the first layer.
2.4. Thermal insulation materials and products with an average density of not more than 200 kg / m3 and design thermal conductivity in the construction of not more than 0.07 W /( m × ° C) should be used for the thermal insulation layer of equipment and pipelines with negative temperatures.
Note. When choosing a thermal insulation structure, surfaces with a temperature of 19 to 0 ° C should be referred to surfaces with negative temperatures.
| contributed by the Ministry of Assembly and Special Construction Works of the USSR | Approved by the decision of the State Construction Committee of the USSR of August 9, 1988 No. 155 | The timeframe for the introduction of into operation January 1, 1990 |
2.5. The number of layers of vapor barrier material in heat-insulating structures for equipment and pipelines with negative temperatures of the substances contained in them is given in Table.1.
2.6. For a heat-insulating layer of pipelines with a positive temperature for ductless laying, materials with an average density of not more than 600 kg / m3 and a thermal conductivity of not more than 0.13 W /( m × ° C) at a material temperature of 20 ° C and the humidity specified in the relevantstate standards or technical conditions.
The design of thermal insulation of pipelines with non-channel gasket should have a compressive strength of at least 0.4 MPa.
Thermal insulation of pipelines designed for non-channel gaskets should be carried out in the factory.
2.7. The design characteristics of thermal insulation materials and products should be taken using reference applications 1 and 2.
2.8. Thermal insulation structures should be provided from materials that provide:
heat flow through insulated surfaces of equipment and pipelines in accordance with the specified process conditions or the normalized density of heat flow;
exclusion of the release during the operation of harmful, flammable and explosive, unpleasant smells in quantities exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations;
exclusion of the release during the operation of pathogenic bacteria, viruses and fungi.
2.9. Removable thermal insulation structures should be used for the isolation of manholes, flange connections, fittings, stuffing boxes and bellows expansion joints of pipelines, as well as in places of measurement and checking the condition of insulated surfaces.
2.10. Application of backfill insulation of pipelines with underground laying in channels and without canal is not allowed.
2.11. For heat insulation of equipment and pipelines containing substances that are active oxidants, do not use materials that are self-igniting and change physicochemical, including explosive and fire hazard properties when in contact with them.
Table 1
| Steam insulation material | Thickness, mm | Number of layers of vapor barrier material at different temperatures of the insulated surface and service life of the thermal insulation structure | |||||
| from minus 60 to 19 ° C | from minus 61 to minus 100 ° C | below minus 100 ° C | |||||
| 8years | 12 years | 8 years | 12 years | 8 years | 12 years | ||
| Polyethylene film, GOST 10354-82 | 0,15-0,2 0,21-0,3 0,31-0,5 | 2 1 1 | 2 2 1 | 2 2 1 | 2 2 1 | 3 2 2 | - 32 |
| Foil aluminum, GOST 618-73 | 0,06-0,1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Isole, GOST 10296-79 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Ruberoid, GOST 10923-82 | 1 1,5 | 3 2 | - 3 | - 3 | - - | - - | - - |
| Notes: 1. It is possible to replace the polyethylene film with polyvinyl butyral adhesive according to GOST 9438-85;tape polyvinylchloride sticky according to TU 6-19-103-78, TU 102-320-82;a polyethylene shrink film according to GOST 25951-83 with observance of the thicknesses indicated in the table.2. It is allowed to use other materials that provide a level of resistance to vapor permeability not lower than those listed in the table. For materials with closed porosity having a vapor permeability coefficient of less than 0.1 mg /( m × h × Pa), in all cases one vapor barrier layer is adopted. When using casting foam polyurethane vapor barrier layer is not installed. The seams of the vapor barrier layer must be sealed;at the temperature of the insulated surface below minus 60 ° C, it is also necessary to seal the seams of the covering layer with sealants or film adhesive materials.in the construction should not use metal fasteners, passing through the entire thickness of the thermal insulation layer. Fasteners or parts thereof should be provided from materials with a thermal conductivity of more than 0.23 W /( m × ° C).Wooden fasteners must be treated with an antiseptic compound. The steel parts of the fasteners must be painted with bituminous varnish. |
2.12. For equipment and pipelines subject to impact and vibration, do not use mineral wool-based thermal insulation products and a backfill thermal insulation structure.
2.13. For equipment and pipelines installed in workshops for production and in buildings for storage of food products and chemical-pharmaceutical products, it is necessary to use heat-insulating materials that do not allow contamination of the ambient air. Under the cover layer of non-metallic materials in the premises of storage and processing of foodstuffs, it is necessary to provide for the installation of a steel wire net with a diameter of at least 1 mm with cells not larger than 12x12 mm.
The use of thermal insulation products made of mineral wool, basalt or super-thin fiberglass is allowed only in the lining on all sides of glass or silica cloth and under a metal covering layer.
2.14. The list of materials used for the coating layer is given in the recommended annex 3.
Do not use metal cover layers for underground pipelines. Cover layer of cold rolled steel with a polymer coating( metal plastics) is not allowed to be used in places exposed to direct sunlight.
When using sprayed polyurethane foam for pipelines laid in canals, the cover layer is allowed not to provide.
2.15. Thermal insulation structures made of combustible materials should not be provided for equipment and pipelines located:
a) in buildings other than buildings IV a and V of fire resistance, one- and two-apartment houses and refrigerated rooms of refrigerators;B) in external process units, except for stand-alone equipment;
c) on overpasses and galleries in the presence of cables and pipelines transporting flammable substances.
At the same time, it is allowed to use combustible materials:
vapor barrier layer not more than 2 mm thick;
coat of color or film thickness of not more than 0.4 mm;
of the cover layer of pipelines located in the technical basement floors and subterranean zones with outlet only to the outside in buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance when installing inserts of 3 m length from incombustible materials not less than 30 m in length of the pipeline;
thermal insulation layer of pouring polyurethane foam with a cover layer of galvanized steel for apparatus and pipelines containing combustible materials with a temperature of minus 40 ° C and lower in outdoor process units.
Cover layer of hard-combustible materials, used for external technological installations of 6 m or more in height, should be based on fiberglass.
2.16. For overhead laying pipelines, when using thermal insulation structures from combustible materials, inserts of 3 m in length from non-combustible materials must be provided, not less than 100 m in length of the pipeline, sections of heat-insulating structures made of non-combustible materials at a distance of not less than 5 m from process units containing combustible gases andliquid.
When a pipeline crosses a fire barrier, thermal insulation structures made of non-combustible materials should be provided within the size of the fire barrier.
3. CALCULATION OF THERMAL INSULATION
3.1. * Calculation of the thickness of the thermal insulation layer is performed:
a) according to the normalized density of heat flow through the isolated surface to be taken:
for equipment and pipelines with positive temperatures located outdoors -Appendix 4( Table 1, 2), located in the room, - according to the obligatory Appendix 4( Tables 3, 4);
for equipment and pipelines with negative temperatures located in the open air - according to the obligatory Appendix 5( Table 1) located in the room - according to the obligatory Appendix 5( Table 2);
for steam pipelines with condensate lines for their joint laying in non-flow canals - according to the obligatory annex 6;
for pipelines of two-pipe water heating networks for laying in non-flow channels and underground non-channel gasket - according to the mandatory annex 7 *( Tables 1, 2);
When designing thermal insulation for process pipelines laid in channels and without channel, the norms of heat flux density should be taken as for pipelines laid outdoors;B) according to a given value of the heat flux;
c) for a given amount of cooling( heating) of the substance stored in the tanks for a certain time;D) for a given reduction( increase) in the temperature of the substance transported by the pipelines;
e) for a given amount of condensate in the steam pipelines;
e) for a given time of suspension of movement of liquid substance in pipelines in order to prevent its freezing or increase in viscosity;G) according to the temperature at the surface of the insulation, accepted no more than, ° C:
for insulated surfaces located in the working or serviced area of premises and containing substances:
above 100 ° C. ............................................ 45
at a temperature of 100 ° C or lower. .......................................... 35
flash point of vapor not higher than 45 ° C. ............ 35
for insulated surfaces located in the open air in the working or service area, with:
metal coating layer. ................................... 55
for other applicationsof the cover layer. ................................. 60
Temperature at the surface of thermal insulation of pipelines located outside the working or service area, should not exceed the temperature limits for the application of the materials of the coating layer, but not higher than 75 ° C;
h) to prevent condensation of moisture from the ambient air on the cover layer of thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines containing substances with a temperature below ambient temperature. This calculation should be carried out only for insulated surfaces located in the room. The calculated relative humidity of air is taken in accordance with the design task, but not less than 60%;
i) to prevent condensation of moisture on the internal surfaces of objects transporting gaseous substances containing water vapor or water vapor and gases that, when dissolved in condensed water vapor, may lead to the formation of aggressive products.
3.2. The thickness of the thermal insulation layer for equipment and pipelines with positive temperatures is determined on the basis of the conditions given in the subclause.3.1а-3.1ж, 3.1и, for pipelines with negative temperatures - from the conditions of sub.3.1a-3.1g.
For a flat surface and cylindrical objects with a diameter of 2 m or more, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer dk , m, is determined by the formula
( 1)
where lk is the heat conductivity of the thermal insulation layer,2.7 and 3.11, W /( m × ° C);
Rk - thermal resistance of thermal insulation structure, m2 × ° C / W;
Rtot - resistance to heat transfer of a heat-insulating structure, m2 × ° C / W;
ae - coefficient of heat transfer from the outer surface of insulation, taken according to reference application 9, W /( m2 × ° C);
Rm is the thermal resistance of a nonmetallic object wall, determined by item 3.3, m2 × ° C / W.
For cylindrical objects with a diameter of less than 2 m, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer is determined by the formula
,( 2)
,( 3)
where is the ratio of the outer diameter of the insulation layer to the outer diameter of the insulated object;
rtot - resistance to heat transfer per 1 m of the length of the thermal insulation structure of cylindrical objects with a diameter of less than 2 m,( m × ° C) / W;
rm - thermal resistance of the pipeline wall, defined by formula( 15); - outer diameter of the insulated object, m.
The values of Rtot , and rtot are determined according to the initial conditions by the formulas:
a) for the normalized surface heat flux density( sub item 3.1a)
,( 4)
where is the temperature of the substance, ° С;
te is the ambient temperature taken in accordance with 3.6, ° C;
q is the normalized surface heat flux density, taken according to mandatory applications 4 * -7 *, W / m2;
K 1 - coefficient adopted by mandatory application 10;
according to the standardized linear heat flux density
,( 5)
where qe is the normalized linear heat flux density with 1 m of the length of the cylindrical heat-insulating structure adopted in mandatory applications 4 * -7 *, W / m;
b) for a given value of the heat flow( subpart 3.1b)
,( 6)
where A is the heat-dissipating surface of the insulated object, m2;
Kred is a coefficient that takes into account the additional heat flux through the supports adopted according to Table.4;
Q - heat flow through the thermal insulation structure, W;
( 7)
where l is the length of the heat-sinking object( pipeline), m;
c) for the set value of cooling( heating) of the substance stored in the tanks( subclause 3.1c)
,( 8)
where 3.6 is the coefficient of reduction of the unit heat capacity, kJ /( kg × ° C) to unit W × h /( kg × ° C);
- average temperature of the substance, ° С;
Z - preset storage time of the substance, h;
Vm - wall volume of the tank, m3;
- density of the wall material, kg / m3;
is the specific heat of the wall material, kJ /( kg × ° C);
- volume of substance in the tank, m3;
- density of the substance, kg / m3;
is the specific heat of the substance, kJ /( kg × ° C);
- initial temperature of the substance, ° С;
- final temperature of the substance, ° С;
d) for a given reduction( increase) in the temperature of the substance transported by the pipelines( subpart 3.1 g):
at,( 9)
at,( 10)
where - substance consumption, kg / h.
Formulas( 9),( 10) are used for gas pipelines of dry gas, if the ratio, where P is the gas pressure, MPa. For steam pipelines of superheated steam, in the denominator of formula( 10), the product of steam consumption for the difference in specific enthalpies of steam at the beginning and end of the pipeline should be put;
e) for a given amount of condensate in the steam line of saturated steam( subpart 3.1d)
,( 11)
where is the coefficient that determines the allowable amount of condensate in the steam;
is the specific amount of heat of steam condensation, kJ / kg;
e) for a given time of suspension of the movement of liquid substance in the pipeline in order to prevent its freezing or increase in viscosity( subpart 3.1e)
( 12)
where Z is the set time for the suspension of movement of liquid matter, h;
- the freezing point( hardening) of the substance, ° С;
and - reduced volumes of material and material of the pipeline to the meter of length, m3 / m;
- specific amount of heat of freezing( hardening) of liquid substance, kJ / kg;
G) to prevent condensation of moisture on the internal surfaces of objects transporting gaseous substances containing water vapor( subclause 3.1 and):for rectangular flow objects
,( 13)
where is the temperature of the internal surface of the insulated object( flue), FROM;
- heat transfer coefficient from the transported substance to the inner surface of the insulated object, W /( m2 × ° C);
for objects( flues) with a diameter of less than 2 m
,( 14)
where - internal diameter of the insulated object, m.
Note. When calculating the insulation thickness of pipelines laid in non-flow channels and without channel, the thermal resistance of soil, air inside the channel and the mutual influence of the pipelines should be additionally taken into account.
3.3. When using non-metallic piping, consider the thermal resistance of the pipeline wall, defined by the formula
,( 15)
where - the thermal conductivity of the wall material, W /( m × ° C).
Additional thermal resistance of flat and curved non-metallic surfaces of equipment is determined by the formula
,( 16)
where - the thickness of the equipment wall.
3.4. The thickness of the thermal insulation layer providing the specified temperature on the insulation surface( subclause 3.1.) Is determined by:
for a flat and cylindrical surface with a diameter of 2 m or more
,( 17)
where is the surface temperature of insulation, ° C;
for cylindrical objects less than 2 m in diameter by the formula( 2), with in to be determined by the formula
,( 18)
3.5. The thickness of the heat-insulating layer to prevent condensation of moisture from the air on the surface of an insulated object( 3.1a) is determined by the formulas:
for a flat and cylindrical surface with a diameter of 2 m or more
,( 19)
for cylindrical objects with a diameter of less than 2 m -by formula( 2), where in should be determined by the formula
,( 20)
The calculated values of the drop, ° C, should be taken from Table.2.
Table 2
| Ambient temperature, ° C | Estimated difference, ° С, relative humidity of ambient air,% | ||||
| 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | |
| 10 15 20 25 30 | 10.0 10.3 10.7 11.1 11.6 | 7.4 7.7 8, 0 8.4 8.6 | 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.9 6.1 | 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.7 3.8 | 1.6 1.6 1.71.8 1.8 |
3.6. For the design ambient temperature, the following should be considered:
a) for insulated outdoor surfaces:
for equipment and pipelines for normalized heat flux calculations - average for the year;
for pipelines of heating networks operating only in the heating period - average for the period with an average daily outdoor temperature of 8 ° C or lower;
in calculations to ensure the normalized temperature on the surface of insulation - the average maximum of the hottest month;
in calculations according to the conditions given in the subcl.3.1в - 3.1е, 3.1и, - the mean coldest five-day period - for surfaces with positive temperatures;average maximum of the hottest month - for surfaces with negative temperatures of substances;B) for insulated surfaces located in the room - according to the design specification, and in the absence of data on the ambient temperature of 20 ° C;C) for pipelines located in tunnels, 40 ° C;
d) for underground laying in channels or for ductless laying of pipelines:
in determining the thickness of the thermal insulation layer according to the heat flux density norms - the average ground temperature for the year at the depth of the axis of the pipeline;
in determining the thickness of the thermal insulation layer at a given final temperature of the substance - the minimum average monthly temperature of the soil at the depth of the axis of the pipeline.
Note. At the depth of the upper part of the canal overlapping( for laying in the channels) or the top of the thermal insulation structure of the pipeline( for non-channel laying) of 0.7 m or less, the same ambient air temperature should be assumed for the design ambient temperature as for the above-ground gasket.
3.7. For the design temperature of the heat carrier in determining the thickness of the thermal insulation layer of the thermal insulation structure, according to the norms of heat flux density, one should take the average for the year, and in other cases - in accordance with the terms of reference.
At the same time, for heat network pipelines for the design coolant temperature, the following is assumed:
for water networks - the average annual water temperature, and for networks operating only in the heating season, the average for the heating period;
for steam networks - the maximum steam temperature along the maximum steam temperature;
for condensate and hot water networks - maximum condensate or hot water temperature.
With the given final steam temperature, the largest of the received thermal insulation thicknesses is determined for the different operating modes of the steam networks.
3.8. When determining the temperature of the ground in the temperature field of the underground pipeline of heating networks, the temperature of the heat carrier should be taken:
for water heating networks - according to the temperature chart at monthly average outdoor air temperature of the calculated month;
for steam networks - maximum steam temperature at the point of the steam pipeline in question( taking into account the drop in temperature of the steam along the length of the pipeline);
for condensate and hot water networks - maximum condensate or water temperature.
Note. The soil temperature in the calculations should be taken: for the heating period - the minimum monthly average, for the non-heating period - the maximum monthly average.
3.9. For the design ambient temperature in determining the amount of heat released from the surface of the thermal insulation structure for a year, take:
for insulated surfaces located in the open air - in accordance with sub.3.6a;
for insulated surfaces located in a room or tunnel, in accordance with the sub-clause.3.6b, c;
for pipelines for laying in channels or non-channel - in accordance with the sub.3.6g.
3.10. For insulated surfaces with positive temperatures, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer, determined according to the conditions of clause 3.1, must be verified by sub-clause.3.la and 3.1zh, and for surfaces with negative temperatures - according to the subp.3.1a and 3.1z. As a result, a greater value of the thickness of the layer is assumed.
3.11. For non-channel laying, the thermal conductivity of the main layer of the thermal insulation structure is determined by the formula
lk = lK ,( 21)
where l is the thermal conductivity of the dry material of the base layer, W /( m × ° C), taken as reference application 2;
To - coefficient of humidification, taking into account the increase in thermal conductivity from wetting, adopted depending on the type of insulation material and soil type according to Table.3.
Table 3
| dampening coefficient K | |||
| Material Type of soil in accordance with GOST 25100-82 | |||
| insulation layer | malovlazhnogo | wet | saturated water |
| Armopenobeton Bitumoperlit Bitumovermikulit Bitumokeramzit Polyurethane Phenolic Polymer sponge PL | 1,151.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.05 1.05 | 1.25 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.05 1.1 1.1 | 1.4 1.3 1.31.25 1.1 1.15 1.15 |
3.12. Heat flow through insulated pipe supports, flange connections and fittings should be considered by the coefficient to the length of the pipeline adopted according to Table.4.
The heat flux through the equipment supports should be taken into account by a factor of 1.1.
Table 4
| Piping method | |
| coefficient | |
| outdoors, in passageways, tunnels and rooms: | |
| for steel pipelines on movable supports, conditional passage, mm: | |
| to 150 | 1,2 |
| 150 and more | 1.15 |
| for steel pipelines on suspension supports | 1,05 |
| for non-metallic pipelines on movable and suspended supports | 1.7 |
| for non-metallic pipelines insulated together with the | 1.2 |
| in a group installationetallicheskih pipelines on solid flooring | 2,0 |
| ChannelFree | 1,15 |
3.13. The values of the heat transfer coefficient from the outer surface of the cover layer and the coefficient of heat transfer from the air in the channel to the channel wall are determined by calculation. It is acceptable to take these coefficients in reference application 9.
4. THERMAL INSULATING CONSTRUCTIONS
4.1. The estimated thickness of industrial thermal insulation structures made from fibrous materials and articles should be rounded to multiples of 20 and adopted in accordance with recommended annex 11;for rigid, cellular materials and foams, the nearest to the calculated thickness of the products should be taken according to the relevant state standards or technical conditions.
4.2. The minimum thickness of the heat-insulating layer of non-sealing materials should be taken:
when insulated with fabrics, canvass, liners - 30 mm;
when isolated by rigidly shaped products - equal to the minimum thickness provided for by state standards or technical specifications;
when isolated by products made from fibrous sealing materials - 40 mm.
4.3. The maximum thickness of the thermal insulation structure for underground laying in canals and tunnels is given in the recommended annex 12.
4.4. The thickness and volume of heat-insulating products from sealing materials prior to installation on an insulating surface should be determined according to the recommended annex 13.
4.5. For surfaces with temperatures above 250 ° C and below minus 60 ° C, single-layer structures are not allowed. With a multi-layer construction, subsequent layers must overlap the seams of the previous one. When hard-molded products are to be insulated, insertions of fibrous materials should be provided at the locations of the device for temperature joints.
4.6. The thickness of metal sheets, tapes used for the cover layer, depending on the outer diameter or configuration of the thermal insulation structure should be taken from Table.5.
4.7. To protect the coating layer from corrosion, it is necessary to provide: for roofing steel - painting;for sheets and tapes made of aluminum and aluminum alloys when using a heat-insulating layer in a steel unpainted mesh or a steel frame device - installation of a liner from a roll material under the cover layer.
4.8. The design of thermal insulation should be designed to prevent deformation and sliding of the thermal insulation layer during operation.
On vertical sections of pipelines and equipment, support structures should be provided every 3 to 4 m in height.
Table 5
| Material | Sheet thickness, mm, with insulation diameter, mm | |||
| 360 and more | over 350 to 600 | st.600 up to 1600 | over 1600 and flat surfaces | |
| Sheet steel | 0,35-0,5 | 0,5-0,8 | 0,8 | 1,0 |
| Sheets of aluminum and aluminum alloys | 0,3 | 0.5-0.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 |
| Tapes of aluminum and aluminum alloys | 0,25-0,3 | 0,3-0,8 | 0,8 | 1,0 |
| Notes: 1Sheet and strip made of aluminum and aluminum alloys with a thickness of 0.25-0.3 mm are recommended for corrugated.2. For the insulation of surfaces with a diameter of more than 1600 mm and flat, located in a room with non-aggressive and slightly aggressive media, it is allowed to use metal sheets and tapes with a thickness of 0.8 mm, and for pipelines with an insulation diameter of more than 600 to 1600 mm, 0.5 mm. |
4.9. Placement of fasteners on insulated surfaces should be taken in accordance with GOST 17314-81.
4.10. The parts provided for fixing the thermal insulation structure on the surface with negative temperatures must have a protective coating against corrosion or be made of corrosion-resistant materials.
Fasteners that come into contact with the insulated surface should provide:
for surfaces with temperatures from minus 40 to 400 ° C - from carbon steel;
| Material, product, GOST or TU | Average density in the construction r, kg / m3 | Thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation material in the construction lk, W /( m × ° C) | Application temperature, ° C | |||||||
| flammability group for surfaces with temperature,° C | ||||||||||
| 20 and above | 19 and below | |||||||||
| Articles of foam plastic FRP-1 and respene, GOST 22546-77, groups: | ||||||||||
| 75 | 65-85 | 0,041+ 0,00023tm | 0,051-0,045 | From minus 180 to 130 | It is difficult-combustible | |||||
| 100 | 86-110 | 0,043+ 0,00019 tm | 0,057-0,051 | From minus 180 to 150 | ||||||
| Perlite cement products, GOST 18109-80, brand: | ||||||||||
| 250 | 250 | 0,07+ 0,00019 tm | - | From 20 to 600 | Non-combustible | |||||
| 300 | 300 | 0,076+ 0,00019 tm | - | |||||||
| 350 | 350 | 0,081+ 0,00019 tm | - | |||||||
| Products heat-insulating lime-siliceous, GOST 24748-81, brand: | ||||||||||
| 200 | 200 | 0,069+ 0,00015tm | - | From 20 to 600 | Non-combustible | |||||
| 225 | 225 | 0,078+ 0,00015 tm, | - | |||||||
| Mineral wool products with corrugated structure for industrial thermalinsulation, TU 36.16.22-8-86, brand: | Depending on the diameter of the insulated surface | |||||||||
| 75 | From 66 to 98 | 0,041+ 0,00034 tm | 0,054-0,05 | From minus 60 to 400 | Non-combustible | |||||
| 100 | From 84 to 130 | 0,042+ 0,0003 tm | ||||||||
| Heat-insulating products for vulcanite, GOST 10179-74, brand: | ||||||||||
| 300 | 300 | 0,074+ 0,00015 tm | - | From 20 to 600 | Non-combustible | |||||
| 350 | 350 | 0,079+ 0,00015 tm | - | |||||||
| 400 | 400 | 0,084+ 0,00015tm | - | |||||||
| Mats sound absorbing basalt brands BZM, PCT of the Ukrainian SSR 1977-87 | Up to 80 | 0,04+ 0,0003 tm | - | From minus 180 to 450 in the shell of fabric glass;up to 700 in a shell of silica fabric | Non-flammable | |||||
| Mineral wool piercing mats, GOST 21880-86, grades: | From minus 180 to 450 for mats on fabric, mesh, fiberglass canvas: up to 700 on a metal mesh | Non-flammable | ||||||||
| 100 | 102-132 | 0,045+ 0,00021 tm | 0,059-0,054 | |||||||
| 125 | 133-162 | 0,049+ 0,0002 tm | ||||||||
| Mats made of glass staple fiber on a synthetic binder, GOST 10499-78, brand: | ||||||||||
| MS-35 | ||||||||||
| 40-56 | 0.04+ 0.0003 tm | 0.048 | From minus 60 to 180 | Non-flammable | ||||||
| MS-50 | 58-80 | 0.042+ 0.00028 tm | 0.047 | |||||||
| Mats and woolfrom super-thin glass fiber without a binder, TU 21 RSFSR 224-87 | 60-80 | 0,033+ 0,00014 tm | 0,044-0,037 | From minus 180 to 400 | Non-combustible | |||||
| Heat-insulating plates from mineral wool on synthetic binder, GOST 9573-82, brand: | ||||||||||
| 50 | 55-75 | 0,04+ 0,00029tm | 0,054-0,05 | From minus 60 to 400 | Non-flammable | |||||
| 75 | 75-115 | 0,043+ 0.00022tm | 0.0454-0.05 | |||||||
| 125 | 90-150 | 0.044+ 0.00021tm | 0.057-0.051 | From minus 180 to 400 | ||||||
| 175 | 150-210 | 0.052+ 0.0002tm | 0.06 -0.054 | |||||||
| Slabsof glass staple fiber semi-rigid, technical, GOST 10499-78, brand: | ||||||||||
| PPD-50 | 42-58 | 0,042+ 0,00035 tm | 0,053 | From minus 60 to 180 | Difficult to combustible | |||||
| PPT-75 | 59-86 | 0,044+ 0,00023 tm | ||||||||
| Plates heat-insulating from mineral wool on bituminous binder, GOST 10140-80, brand: | ||||||||||
| 75 | 75-115 | - | 0,054-0,057 | From minus 100 to 60 | Grades 75 are non-flammable;The rest are combustible | |||||
| 100 | 90-120 | - | 0,054-0,057 | |||||||
| 150 | 121-180 | - | 0,058-0,062 | |||||||
| 200 | 151-200 | - | 0,061-0,066 | |||||||
| Heat-insulating plates of foam based on resins phenol-formaldehyde resins, GOST 20916-87, grades: | ||||||||||
| 50 | Not more than 50 | 0,040+ 0,00022 tm | 0,049-0,042 | From minus 180 to 130 | Difficult to combustible | |||||
| 80 | Sv 70 to 80 | 0.042+ 0.00023 tm | 0.051-0.045 | |||||||
| 90 | St 80 to100 | 0,043+ 0,00019 tm | 0,057-0,051 | |||||||
| Canvas stitching fiberglass cloths, TU 6-48-0209777-1-88, brand: | ||||||||||
| HPS-T-5 | 180-320 | 0,047+ 0,00023 tm | 0,053-0,047 | From minus 200 to 550 | Non-flammable | |||||
| HPS-T-2,5 | 130-230 | |||||||||
| Perlite expanded fine sand, GOST 10832-83, grades: | ||||||||||
| 75 | 110 | 0,052+ 0.00012 tm | 0,05 -0,042 | From minus 200 to 875 | Non-combustible | |||||
| 100 | 150 | 0,055+ 0,00012 tm | 0,054-0,047 | |||||||
| 100 | 75-125 | 0,049+ 0,0002tm | 0,047-0,053 | From minus 180 to 400 | Non-flammable | |||||
| 150 | . | |||||||||
| 150 | 225 | 0,058+ | ||||||||
| 150 | 225 | 0,00012 tm | - | |||||||
| 126-170 | 0.051+ | 0.051+ 0.0002 tm | 0.044-0.059 | |||||||
| 200 | 176-225 | 0.053+ 0.00019 tm | 0.062-0.057 | |||||||
| Foam polystyrene plates GOST 15588-86, brand: | ||||||||||
| 20 | 20 | - | 0.048-0.04 | From minus 180 to 70 | Combustible | |||||
| 25 | 25 | - | 0,044-0,035 | |||||||
| 30, 40 | 30, 40 | - | 0,042-0,032 | |||||||
| Polyfoam plate, TU 6-05-1178-87, brand: | ||||||||||
| FS-4-40 | 40 | - | 0.041-0.032 | From minus 180 to 60 | Combustible | |||||
| PS-4-60 | 60 | - | 0.048-0.039 | |||||||
| PS-4-65 | 65 | - | 0.048-0.039 | |||||||
| Polyfoam plate-based PVC, TU6-05-1179-83.brand: | ||||||||||
| PCB-1-85 | 85 | - | 0.04-0.03 | From minus 180 to 60 | Combustible | |||||
| pxB-1-115 | 115 | - | 0.043-0.032 | |||||||
| PXB-2-150 | 150 | - | 0.047-0.036 | |||||||
| Styrofoam tiles of the brand PV-1, TU 6-05-1158-87 | 65,95 | - | 0,043-0,032 | From minus 180 to 60 | Combustible | |||||
| Polyfoam PVC flexible PVC-E, TU 6-05-1269-75 | 150 | - | 0,05-0,04 | From minus 180 to 60 | Combustible | |||||
| Polystyrene thermosetting FK-20 and FF, hard, TU 6-05-1303-76, brand: | ||||||||||
| FK-20 | 170, 200 | - | 0.055-0.052 | 0 to 120 | From the minus 60 up to 150 | |||||
| - | 0,036-0,031 | From minus 180 to 120 | FUEL | |||||||
| 60-80 | - | 0,037-0,032 | ||||||||
| Polyurethane foam polyurethane foam PPU-ET, TU 6-05-1734-75 | 40-50 | - | 0,043-0,038 | From minus 60 to 100 | Combustible heat-insulating glassbrand IPS-T-l000, TU 6-11-570-83 | 140 | 0.047+ 0.00023 tm | 0.053-0.047 | From minus 200 to 550 | of Heyuchee |
| Roving( rope) of glass filament yarn, GOST 17139-79 | 200-250 | - | 0,065-0,062 | From minus 180 to 450 | Non-combustible | |||||
| Asbestos cord, GOST 1779-83, brand: | ||||||||||
| Shape | 100-160 | 0.093+ 0.0002 tm - | From 20 to 220 | |||||||
| From 20 to 220 | Non-combustible | |||||||||
| Mineral wool heat-insulating cable, TU 36-1695-79, brand: | From minus 180 to 600 depending on the material of the mesh tube | In metal mesh tubesth wire and strands of glass - non-flammable;the rest is difficult-combustible | ||||||||
| 200 | 200 | 0,056+ 0,00019 tm | 0,069-0,068 | |||||||
| 250 | 250 | 0,058+ 0,00019 tm | - | |||||||
| Canvases from micro-ultra-super-fine glass microcrystalline staple fiber from rocks, PCT USSR 1970-86, brand BSTV- | 80 | 0,041+ 0,00029 tm | 0,04 | From minus 269 to 600 | Non-combustible | |||||
| Notes: 1. tm is the average temperature of the thermal insulation layer, ° C;tm = - outdoors in summer, indoors, in canals, tunnels, technical undergrounds, attics and basement buildings;tm = - in the open air in winter, where tw is the temperature of the substance.2. The greater value of the calculated thermal conductivity of the heat-insulating material in the structure for surfaces with a temperature of 19 ° C and lower refers to the temperature of the substance from minus 60 to 20 ° C, the smaller - to a temperature minus 140 ° C and lower. For intermediate temperatures, the thermal conductivity is determined by interpolation.3. For insulation of surfaces using rigid plates, the calculated thermal conductivity should be increased by 10%.4. The use of other materials that meet the requirements of paragraphs2.3;2.4. |
| Material, GOST or TU | applied thickness, mm | Combustibility group |
| 1. Metallic | ||
| Sheets of aluminum and aluminum alloys, GOST 21631-76, grades ADO, AD1, AMZ, AMG2, B95 | 0,3;0,5-1 | Non-combustible |
| Tapes made of aluminum and aluminum alloys, GOST 13726-78, ADO, AD1, AMZ, AMg2, B95 | 0,25-1 | Non-combustible |
| Galvanized thin-sheet steel with continuous lines, GOST 14918-80 | 0.35-1 | Non-flammable |
| Sheet steel thin-walled, OST 14-11-196-86 | 0,5-0,8 | Non-flammable |
| Rolled thin-walled carbon steel of high-quality and ordinary quality, GOST 16523-70 | 0,35-1 | Non-flammable |
| Corrugated shells for heat-insulating piping offsets, OST 36-67-82 | 0,2 2,5 | Non-combustible Combustible |
| Cold-rolled rolled steel with a polymer coating( metal-plastic) TU 14-1-1114-74 | 0,8-1,3 | Hard-working |
| 2. Based on synthetic polymers | ||
| Steklotekstolit structural KAST-V, GOST 10292-74E | 0,5-1,2 | Combustible |
| Materials armoplastics for the protection of coatings thermal insulation of pipelines, TU 36-2168-85, brand: | ||
| APM-1 | 2,2 | Combustible |
| APM-2 | 2,1 | Hardly combustible |
| APM-K | 2,1 | Combustible |
| GlassPCT-E, PCT-601-145-80, PCT-A, PCT-B, PCT-X | 0,25-0,5 | Hardly-combustible |
| Glass fiber-reinforced plastic grade FSP( fiberglass phenolic coverslip), TU 6-11-150-76 | 0.3;0,6 | Combustible |
| Vinyl plastic calendered film КПО, GOST 16398-81 | 0,4-1 | Combustible |
| Film from secondary polyvinyl chloride raw material, TU 63.032.3-88 | 1,3 | Combustible combustible |
| Covering sheet glass fiber-reinforced plastic sheet, TU 36-1583-88, brand: | ||
| STL-SB | 0,3 | Hardly combustible |
| STPL-TB | 0,5 | |
| STPL-VP | 0,8 | |
| 3. Based on natural polymers | ||
| Ruberoid, GOST 10923-82, brandRKK-420 | 2-3 | Combustible |
| Glass-superconductor, GOST 15879-70 | 2,5 | Combustible |
| Tolroofing and waterproofing, GOST 10999-76, grade TKK-350, TKK-400 | 1,0-1,5 | Combustible |
| Pergamum roofing, GOST 2697-83 | 1,0-1,5 | Combustible |
| Ruberoid coated with fiberglass, TU 21 ESSR 48-83 | - | Combustible |
| Isole, GOST 10296-79 | 2 | Combustible |
| 4. Mineral | ||
| Textolite glasscloth for heat-insulating structures, TU 36-940-85 | 1,5-2 | Non-combustible |
| Asbestos-cement flat sheets, GOST 18124-75 | 6-10 | Non-combustible |
| Asbestos-cement corrugated sheets of unified profile, GOST 16233-77 | 5-8 | Non-combustible |
| Asbestos-cement plaster | 10-20 | Non-combustible |
| 5. Foil-duplicated | ||
| Aluminum foil duplicatedfor heat-insulating structures, TU 36-1177-77 | 0,5-1,5 | Duplicated with paper and cardboard - combustible, others - hardly combustible |
| Foil-ruberoid for protective waterproofing of piping insulation, TU 21 ESSR 69-83 | 1,7-2 | Combustible |
| Folgoisol, GOST 20429-84 | 2-2,5 | Combustible |
| Note. When using sheet metal coverslips, the nature and degree of aggressiveness of the environment and production should be taken into account. |
| Conditional pass of pipeline, mm | Average temperature of heat carrier, ° С | ||||||||||||
| 20 | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 250 | 300 | 350 | 400 | 450 | 500 | 550 | 600 | |
| Norms of linear heat flux density, W / m | |||||||||||||
| 15 | 3 | 8 | 16 | 24 | 34 | 45 | 55 | 67 | 80 | 93 | 108 | 123 | 140 |
| 20 | 4 | 9 | 18 | 28 | 38 | 49 | 61 | 74 | 88 | 103 | 119 | 135 | 152 |
| 25 | 4 | 11 | 20 | 30 | 42 | 54 | 66 | 80 | 95 | 111 | 128 | 146 | 165 |
| 40 | 5 | 12 | 24 | 36 | 48 | 62 | 77 | 93 | 110 | 128 | 147 | 167 | 188 |
| 50 | 6 | 14 | 25 | 38 | 52 | 66 | 83 | 100 | 118 | 136 | 156 | 177 | 199 |
| 65 | 7 | 15 | 29 | 44 | 58 | 75 | 92 | 111 | 131 | 152 | 173 | 197 | 220 |
| 80 | 8 | 17 | 32 | 47 | 62 | 80 | 99 | 119 | 139 | 162 | 185 | 209 | 226 |
| 100 | 9 | 19 | 35 | 52 | 69 | 88 | 109 | 130 | 152 | 175 | 200 | 225 | 252 |
| 125 | 10 | 22 | 40 | 57 | 75 | 99 | 121 | 144 | 169 | 194 | 221 | 250 | 279 |
| 150 | 11 | 24 | 44 | 62 | 83 | 109 | 133 | 157 | 183 | 211 | 240 | 270 | 301 |
| 200 | 15 | 30 | 53 | 75 | 99 | 129 | 157 | 185 | 216 | 247 | 280 | 314 | 349 |
| 250 | 17 | 35 | 61 | 86 | 112 | 145 | 174 | 206 | 238 | 273 | 309 | 345 | 384 |
| 300 | 20 | 40 | 68 | 96 | 126 | 160 | 194 | 227 | 262 | 300 | 339 | 378 | 420 |
| 350 | 23 | 45 | 75 | 106 | 138 | 177 | 211 | 248 | 286 | 326 | 368 | 411 | 454 |
| 400 | 24 | 49 | 83 | 125 | 150 | 191 | 228 | 267 | 308 | 351 | 395 | 440 | 487 |
| 450 | 27 | 53 | 88 | 123 | 160 | 204 | 244 | 284 | 327 | 373 | 418 | 466 | 517 |
| 500 | 29 | 58 | 96 | 135 | 171 | 220 | 261 | 305 | 349 | 398 | 446 | 496 | 549 |
| 600 | 34 | 66 | 110 | 152 | 194 | 248 | 294 | 342 | 391 | 444 | 497 | 554 | 611 |
| 700 | 39 | 75 | 122 | 169 | 214 | 273 | 323 | 375 | 429 | 485 | 544 | 604 | 664 |
| 800 | 43 | 83 | 135 | 172 | 237 | 301 | 355 | 411 | 469 | 530 | 594 | 657 | 723 |
| 900 | 48 | 92 | 149 | 205 | 258 | 328 | 386 | 446 | 509 | 574 | 642 | 710 | 779 |
| 1000 | 53 | 101 | 163 | 223 | 280 | 355 | 418 | 482 | 348 | 618 | 691 | 753 | 837 |
| Curved surfaces greater than 1020 mm in diameter and flat | Surface heat flux density norms, W / m2 | ||||||||||||
| 5 | 28 | 44 | 57 | 69 | 85 | 97 | 109 | 122 | 134 | 146 | 157 | 169 | |
| Note. Intermediate values of the norms of heat flux density should be determined by interpolation. | |||||||||||||
| Conditional pass of pipeline, mm | Average temperature of heat carrier, ° С | ||||||||||||
| 20 | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 250 | 300 | 350 | 400 | 450 | 500 | 550 | 600 | |
| Norms of linear heat flux density, W / m | |||||||||||||
| 15 | 4 | 9 | 18 | 28 | 38 | 48 | 61 | 74 | 87 | 102 | 117 | 134 | 152 |
| 20 | 5 | 11 | 21 | 31 | 43 | 54 | 67 | 81 | 97 | 113 | 130 | 148 | 167 |
| 25 | 5 | 12 | 23 | 34 | 47 | 60 | 74 | 89 | 104 | 122 | 140 | 160 | 180 |
| 40 | 7 | 15 | 27 | 40 | 54 | 71 | 86 | 103 | 122 | 142 | 163 | 185 | 208 |
| 50 | 7 | 16 | 30 | 44 | 58 | 75 | 93 | 111 | 130 | 151 | 174 | 197 | 221 |
| 65 | 8 | 19 | 34 | 50 | 67 | 85 | 104 | 125 | 146 | 170 | 194 | 220 | 245 |
| 80 | 9 | 21 | 37 | 54 | 71 | 92 | 112 | 134 | 157 | 181 | 208 | 234 | 262 |
| 100 | 11 | 23 | 41 | 60 | 80 | 101 | 123 | 146 | 171 | 198 | 226 | 253 | 283 |
| 125 | 12 | 26 | 46 | 66 | 88 | 114 | 138 | 164 | 191 | 221 | 251 | 282 | 314 |
| 150 | 15 | 29 | 52 | 73 | 97 | 126 | 152 | 180 | 210 | 241 | 272 | 305 | 340 |
| 200 | 18 | 36 | 63 | 89 | 117 | 151 | 181 | 215 | 249 | 284 | 321 | 359 | 399 |
| 250 | 21 | 42 | 72 | 103 | 132 | 170 | 203 | 240 | 276 | 316 | 356 | 398 | 441 |
| 300 | 25 | 48 | 83 | 115 | 149 | 189 | 228 | 266 | 307 | 349 | 393 | 438 | 485 |
| 350 | 29 | 54 | 92 | 127 | 164 | 209 | 250 | 291 | 335 | 382 | 429 | 477 | 527 |
| 400 | 31 | 60 | 100 | 139 | 178 | 226 | 271 | 317 | 362 | 412 | 462 | 513 | 567 |
| 450 | 34 | 66 | 108 | 149 | 191 | 244 | 290 | 338 | 386 | 439 | 491 | 545 | 602 |
| 500 | 37 | 72 | 117 | 162 | 206 | 264 | 311 | 362 | 415 | 470 | 526 | 583 | 642 |
| 600 | 44 | 82 | 135 | 185 | 236 | 299 | 354 | 409 | 467 | 524 | 590 | 653 | 718 |
| 700 | 49 | 94 | 151 | 205 | 262 | 331 | 390 | 451 | 513 | 580 | 646 | 714 | 784 |
| 800 | 55 | 105 | 168 | 228 | 290 | 367 | 431 | 496 | 564 | 636 | 708 | 782 | 857 |
| 900 | 62 | 116 | 185 | 251 | 318 | 399 | 471 | 541 | 614 | 691 | 768 | 848 | 928 |
| 1000 | 68 | 127 | 203 | 273 | 345 | 435 | 510 | 586 | 664 | 747 | 829 | 914 | 1003 |
| Curved surfaces greater than 1020 mm in diameter and flat | Surface heat flux density norms, W / m2 | ||||||||||||
| 21 | 36 | 58 | 72 | 89 | 109 | 125 | 135 | 156 | 171 | 186 | 201 | 217 | |
| Note. Intermediate values of the norms of heat flux density should be determined by interpolation. | |||||||||||||
| Conditional pass of pipeline, mm | Average temperature of heat carrier, ° С | |||||||||||
| 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 250 | 300 | 350 | 400 | 450 | 500 | 550 | 600 | |
| Norms of linear heat flux density, W / m | ||||||||||||
| 15 | 6 | 14 | 22 | 32 | 42 | 53 | 65 | 77 | 91 | 106 | 120 | 136 |
| 20 | 7 | 16 | 26 | 36 | 46 | 58 | 71 | 85 | 100 | 116 | 132 | 149 |
| 25 | 8 | 18 | 28 | 39 | 51 | 63 | 78 | 92 | 108 | 125 | 142 | 160 |
| 40 | 10 | 21 | 33 | 46 | 59 | 74 | 90 | 107 | 125 | 143 | 163 | 184 |
| 50 | 10 | 22 | 35 | 49 | 64 | 79 | 96 | 114 | 133 | 152 | 173 | 194 |
| 65 | 12 | 26 | 40 | 55 | 72 | 90 | 107 | 127 | 148 | 169 | 192 | 216 |
| 80 | 13 | 28 | 43 | 59 | 78 | 95 | 114 | 135 | 158 | 180 | 204 | 229 |
| 100 | 14 | 31 | 48 | 65 | 84 | 104 | 125 | 147 | 170 | 195 | 220 | 247 |
| 125 | 17 | 35 | 53 | 72 | 94 | 116 | 140 | 164 | 190 | 216 | 243 | 273 |
| 150 | 19 | 39 | 58 | 78 | 104 | 128 | 152 | 179 | 206 | 234 | 263 | 294 |
| 200 | 23 | 47 | 70 | 94 | 124 | 151 | 180 | 209 | 241 | 273 | 306 | 342 |
| 250 | 27 | 54 | 80 | 106 | 139 | 169 | 199 | 231 | 266 | 302 | 338 | 376 |
| 300 | 31 | 62 | 90 | 119 | 154 | 186 | 220 | 255 | 293 | 330 | 370 | 411 |
| 350 | 35 | 68 | 99 | 131 | 170 | 205 | 241 | 278 | 318 | 359 | 402 | 446 |
| 400 | 38 | 74 | 108 | 142 | 184 | 221 | 259 | 299 | 342 | 386 | 431 | 477 |
| 450 | 42 | 81 | 116 | 152 | 196 | 235 | 276 | 318 | 364 | 409 | 456 | 506 |
| 500 | 46 | 87 | 125 | 164 | 211 | 253 | 296 | 341 | 388 | 435 | 486 | 538 |
| 600 | 54 | 100 | 143 | 186 | 238 | 285 | 332 | 382 | 434 | 486 | 542 | 598 |
| 700 | 59 | 111 | 159 | 205 | 262 | 313 | 365 | 418 | 474 | 530 | 591 | 651 |
| 800 | 67 | 124 | 176 | 226 | 290 | 344 | 399 | 457 | 518 | 581 | 643 | 708 |
| 900 | 74 | 136 | 193 | 247 | 316 | 374 | 435 | 496 | 562 | 629 | 695 | 764 |
| 1000 | 82 | 149 | 210 | 286 | 342 | 405 | 467 | 534 | 606 | 676 | 747 | 820 |
| Curved surfaces larger than 1020 mm in diameter and flat | Surface heat flux density norms, W / m2 | |||||||||||
| 23 | 40 | 54 | 66 | 83 | 95 | 107 | 119 | 132 | 143 | 155 | 166 | |
| Note.1. When the insulated surfaces are located in the tunnel, the density factor should be introduced with a coefficient of 0.85.2. Intermediate values of the heat flux density norms should be determined by interpolation. | ||||||||||||
for surfaces with temperatures above 400 and below minus 40 ° C - from the same material as the insulated surface.
Fixing parts of the main and cover layers of thermal insulation structures of equipment and pipelines located in the open air in areas with a design ambient temperature below minus 40 ° C, should be used from alloy steel or aluminum.
4.11. Temperature seams in the cover layers of horizontal pipelines should be provided at the expansion joints, supports and turns, and on vertical pipelines - at the locations of installation of supporting structures.
4.12. the choice of the material of the cover layers of the thermal insulation structures of equipment and pipelines located in the open air in areas with a design ambient temperature of minus 40 ° C and below should be made taking into account the temperature limits for the use of materials according to state standards or technical conditions.
4.13. For the thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines with negative temperature of the substances, the attachment of the cover layer should be provided, as a rule, with bandages. Fastening of the cover layer with screws is allowed to provide for a diameter of an insulating structure of more than 800 mm.
ANNEX 1
Reference
DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS HEAT INSULATING MATERIAL AND PRODUCTS
ANNEX 2
Reference
DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS OF MATERIALS USED FOR ISOLATION OF PIPELINES IN underground laying
| material | Orifice pipeline mm | average density r, kg / m3 | thermal conductivity drymaterial l, W /( m × ° C), at 20 ° C | Maximum temperature of the substance, ° C |
| Armobenobeton | 150-800 | 350-450 | 0.105-0.13 | 150 |
| Bitumen Perlite | 50-400 | 450-550 | 0,11 -0,13 | 130 * |
| Bituminous ceramite | Up to 500 | 600 | 0,13 | 130 * |
| Bituminvermiculite | Up to 500 | 600 | 0,13 | 130 * |
| Polyurethane foam | 100-400 | 400 | 0,07 | 150 |
| Polyurethane foam | 100-400 | 60-80 | 0,05 | 120 |
| Phenolic porous plastics FL monolithic | Up to 1000 | 100 | 0,05 | 150 |
| * Application up to a temperature of 150 ° C with a qualitative heat release method |
APPENDIX 3
Recommended
MATERIALS FOR COVERING LAYER OF THERMAL INSULATION
APPENDIX 4 *
Mandatory
HEAT DENSITY DENSITY THROUGH THE ISOLATED SURFACE OF EQUIPMENT AND PIPELINES WITH POSITIVE TEMPERATURES
Table 1
Density norms for heat flow for outdoor equipment and pipelines and total service life per year greater than 5000 h
Table 2
Standardsdensity of heat flow in the arrangement of equipment and pipelines in the open air and the total operating time per year 5000 h or less
Table 3
Standards for heat flux density for the location of equipment and pipelines in a room and a total duration of operation per year of more than 5000 h
Table 4
| Conditional pass of pipeline, mm | Average temperature of heat carrier, ° С | |||||||||||
| 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 250 | 300 | 350 | 400 | 450 | 500 | 550 | 600 | |
| Norms of linear heat flux density, W / m | ||||||||||||
| 15 | 7 | 16 | 25 | 35 | 46 | 58 | 70 | 83 | 98 | 113 | 129 | 146 |
| 20 | 8 | 18 | 28 | 39 | 51 | 64 | 78 | 92 | 108 | 125 | 142 | 161 |
| 25 | 9 | 20 | 31 | 43 | 56 | 70 | 85 | 100 | 118 | 135 | 154 | 173 |
| 40 | 10 | 23 | 37 | 51 | 66 | 82 | 99 | 117 | 136 | 156 | 178 | 200 |
| 50 | 12 | 26 | 39 | 54 | 71 | 88 | 106 | 125 | 146 | 166 | 190 | 213 |
| 65 | 14 | 30 | 46 | 62 | 81 | 99 | 119 | 141 | 163 | 186 | 211 | 237 |
| 80 | 16 | 33 | 50 | 67 | 86 | 106 | 128 | 150 | 175 | 199 | 226 | 253 |
| 100 | 18 | 36 | 55 | 74 | 95 | 117 | 140 | 164 | 190 | 217 | 245 | 274 |
| 125 | 20 | 41 | 62 | 82 | 108 | 132 | 157 | 183 | 213 | 242 | 272 | 303 |
| 150 | 22 | 45 | 68 | 91 | 119 | 145 | 172 | 201 | 232 | 263 | 295 | 330 |
| 200 | 29 | 56 | 82 | 110 | 143 | 173 | 205 | 239 | 274 | 310 | 347 | 386 |
| 250 | 34 | 65 | 94 | 124 | 161 | 194 | 230 | 266 | 305 | 343 | 384 | 426 |
| 300 | 38 | 74 | 106 | 139 | 180 | 216 | 255 | 294 | 337 | 379 | 423 | 469 |
| 350 | 42 | 82 | 118 | 154 | 198 | 239 | 280 | 323 | 368 | 414 | 462 | 510 |
| 400 | 48 | 90 | 130 | 168 | 215 | 259 | 303 | 349 | 397 | 446 | 496 | 549 |
| 450 | 51 | 98 | 138 | 180 | 233 | 278 | 324 | 372 | 423 | 474 | 527 | 582 |
| 500 | 57 | 106 | 150 | 194 | 251 | 298 | 348 | 399 | 453 | 507 | 564 | 622 |
| 600 | 65 | 12 | 172 | 222 | 286 | 338 | 394 | 450 | 510 | 570 | 634 | 695 |
| 700 | 73 | 136 | 191 | 247 | 315 | 374 | 433 | 494 | 559 | 624 | 691 | 760 |
| 800 | 82 | 152 | 212 | 274 | 349 | 412 | 477 | 543 | 614 | 685 | 757 | 830 |
| 900 | 91 | 167 | 234 | 300 | 382 | 450 | 520 | 592 | 668 | 743 | 821 | 903 |
| 1000 | 100 | 183 | 254 | 326 | 415 | 489 | 563 | 640 | 722 | 802 | 884 | 969 |
| Curved surfaces larger than 1020 mm in diameter and flat | Surface heat flux density norms, W / m2 | |||||||||||
| 29 | 50 | 68 | 84 | 106 | 121 | 136 | 150 | 167 | 181 | 196 | 210 | |
| Note.1. When the insulated surfaces are located in the tunnel, the density factor should be introduced with a coefficient of 0.85.2. Intermediate values of the heat flux density norms should be determined by interpolation. | ||||||||||||
| Conditional pass of the pipeline, mm | Average temperature of the substance, ° C | ||||||||||
| 0 | -10 | -20 | -40 | -60 | -80 | -100 | -120 | -140 | -160 | -180 | |
| The norms of the linear heat flux density, W / m | |||||||||||
| 20 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 17 |
| 25 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 12 | 15 | 17 | 18 |
| 40 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 13 | 16 | 18 | 19 |
| 50 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 19 | 20 |
| 65 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 15 | 17 | 20 | 21 |
| 80 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 21 | 22 |
| 100 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 23 |
| 125 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 21 | 23 | 25 |
| 150 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 16 | 17 | 20 | 21 | 23 | 25 | 27 |
| 200 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 23 | 25 | 27 | 29 | 31 |
| 250 | 11 | 12 | 14 | 18 | 20 | 23 | 26 | 27 | 30 | 33 | 35 |
| 300 | 12 | 13 | 16 | 20 | 23 | 25 | 28 | 30 | 34 | 36 | 39 |
| 350 | 14 | 15 | 18 | 22 | 24 | 27 | 30 | 33 | 36 | 38 | 41 |
| 400 | 16 | 16 | 20 | 23 | 26 | 29 | 32 | 34 | 38 | 40 | 43 |
| 450 | 17 | 18 | 21 | 26 | 28 | 31 | 36 | 37 | 39 | 42 | 45 |
| 500 | 19 | 20 | 23 | 27 | 30 | 33 | 35 | 38 | 41 | 44 | 46 |
| Curved surfaces with a diameter of more than 600 mm and flat | Surface heat flux density norms, W / m2 | ||||||||||
| 11 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | |
| Notes: 1. The norms of the linear density of the heat flux at a temperature of substances from 0 to 19 ° C, and also at dу less than 20 mm should be determined by extrapolation 2The intermediate values of the heat flux density norms should be determined by interpolation. |
| Conditional pass of the pipeline, mm | Average temperature of the substance, ° C | ||||||||||
| 0 | -10 | -20 | -40 | -60 | -80 | -100 | -120 | -140 | -160 | -180 | |
| The norms of the linear heat flux density, W / m | |||||||||||
| 20 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 14 |
| 25 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 14 | 16 | 17 | 20 |
| 40 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 16 | 17 | 19 | 21 |
| 50 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 17 | 19 | 20 | 22 |
| 65 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 21 | 23 |
| 80 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 17 | 19 | 20 | 22 | 24 |
| 100 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 21 | 23 | 25 |
| 125 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 21 | 23 | 26 | 27 |
| 150 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 16 | 17 | 20 | 21 | 23 | 25 | 27 | 30 |
| 200 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 19 | 21 | 23 | 25 | 27 | 30 | 31 | 34 |
| 250 | 16 | 17 | 19 | 20 | 23 | 26 | 27 | 30 | 33 | 36 | 38 |
| 300 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 23 | 26 | 29 | 31 | 34 | 37 | 39 | 41 |
| 350 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 26 | 29 | 31 | 34 | 36 | 38 | 41 | 44 |
| 400 | 23 | 24 | 26 | 28 | 30 | 34 | 36 | 38 | 41 | 44 | 46 |
| 450 | 25 | 27 | 28 | 30 | 33 | 35 | 37 | 40 | 42 | 45 | 48 |
| 500 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 33 | 35 | 37 | 40 | 42 | 45 | 47 | 49 |
| Curved surfaces with a diameter of more than 600 mm and flat | Surface heat flux density norms, W / m2 | ||||||||||
| 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 23 | |
| Notes: 1. The norms of the linear density of the heat flux at a temperature of substances from 0 to 19 ° C, and also at dу less than 20 mm should be determined by extrapolation 2The intermediate values of the heat flux density norms should be determined by interpolation. |
| Orifice steam line pipe | steam line | Condensate Condensate Condensate | steam line | steam line | steam line | Condensate Condensate Condensate | steam line | ||||||
| steam line | Condensate | estimated coolant temperature, ° C | |||||||||||
| 115 | 100 | 150 | 100 | 200 | 100 | 250 | 100 | 300 | 100 | 350 | 100 | ||
| 25 | 25 | 22 | 18 | 30 | 18 | 41 | 18 | 51 | 18 | 64 | 18 | 79 | 18 |
| 30 | 25 | 23 | 18 | 32 | 18 | 43 | 18 | 54 | 18 | 69 | 18 | 83 | 18 |
| 40 | 25 | 25 | 18 | 33 | 18 | 45 | 18 | 58 | 18 | 73 | 18 | 88 | 18 |
| 50 | 25 | 27 | 18 | 36 | 18 | 52 | 18 | 64 | 18 | 79 | 18 | 95 | 18 |
| 65 | 30 | 31 | 21 | 43 | 21 | 58 | 21 | 71 | 21 | 88 | 20 | 103 | 20 |
| 80 | 40 | 35 | 23 | 46 | 23 | 62 | 23 | 81 | 22 | 98 | 22 | 117 | 21 |
| 100 | 40 | 38 | 23 | 49 | 23 | 66 | 23 | 81 | 22 | 98 | 22 | 117 | 21 |
| 125 | 50 | 42 | 24 | 53 | 24 | 72 | 24 | 88 | 23 | 107 | 23 | 126 | 23 |
| 150 | 70 | 45 | 27 | 58 | 27 | 78 | 27 | 94 | 26 | 115 | 26 | 142 | 26 |
| 200 | 80 | 52 | 27 | 68 | 29 | 89 | 29 | 108 | 28 | 131 | 28 | 153 | 28 |
| 250 | 100 | 58 | 31 | 75 | 31 | 99 | 31 | 119 | 31 | 147 | 31 | 172 | 31 |
| 300 | 125 | 64 | 33 | 83 | 33 | 110 | 33 | 133 | 33 | 159 | 33 | 186 | 33 |
| 350 | 150 | 70 | 38 | 90 | 38 | 118 | 38 | 143 | 37 | 171 | 37 | 200 | 37 |
| 400 | 180 | 75 | 42 | 96 | 42 | 127 | 42 | 153 | 41 | 183 | 41 | 213 | 41 |
| 450 | 200 | 81 | 44 | 103 | 44 | 134 | 44 | 162 | 44 | 193 | 43 | 224 | 43 |
| 500 | 250 | 86 | 50 | 110 | 50 | 143 | 50 | 173 | 49 | 207 | 49 | 239 | 48 |
| 600 | 300 | 97 | 55 | 123 | 55 | 159 | 55 | 190 | 54 | 227 | 54 | 261 | 53 |
| 700 | 300 | 105 | 55 | 133 | 55 | 172 | 55 | 203 | 54 | 243 | 53 | 280 | 53 |
| 800 | 300 | 114 | 55 | 143 | 55 | 185 | 55 | 220 | 54 | - | - | - | - |
| Note. Intermediate values of the heat flux density norms should be determined by interpolation |
| Conditional pass of the pipeline, mm | ||||||
| pipeline | return | supply | reverse | supply | reverse | |
| Average annual temperature of the heat carrier, ° С | ||||||
| 65 | 50 | 90 | 50 | 110 | 50 | |
| 25 | 15 | 10 | 22 | 10 | 26 | 9 |
| 30 | 16 | 11 | 23 | 11 | 28 | 10 |
| 40 | 18 | 12 | 25 | 12 | 31 | 11 |
| 50 | 19 | 13 | 28 | 13 | 34 | 12 |
| 65 | 23 | 16 | 32 | 14 | 40 | 13 |
| 80 | 25 | 17 | 35 | 15 | 43 | 14 |
| 100 | 28 | 19 | 39 | 16 | 48 | 16 |
| 125 | 29 | 20 | 42 | 17 | 52 | 17 |
| 150 | 32 | 22 | 46 | 19 | 55 | 18 |
| 200 | 41 | 26 | 55 | 22 | 71 | 20 |
| 250 | 46 | 30 | 65 | 25 | 79 | 21 |
| 300 | 53 | 34 | 74 | 27 | 88 | 24 |
| 350 | 58 | 37 | 79 | 29 | 98 | 25 |
| 400 | 65 | 40 | 87 | 32 | 105 | 26 |
| 450 | 70 | 42 | 95 | 33 | 115 | 27 |
| 500 | 75 | 46 | 107 | 36 | 130 | 28 |
| 600 | 83 | 49 | 119 | 38 | 145 | 30 |
| 700 | 91 | 54 | 139 | 41 | 157 | 33 |
| 800 | 106 | 61 | 150 | 45 | 181 | 36 |
| 900 | 117 | 64 | 162 | 48 | 199 | 37 |
| 1000 | 129 | 66 | 169 | 51 | 212 | 42 |
| 1200 | 157 | 73 | 218 | 55 | 255 | 46 |
| 1400 | 173 | 77 | 241 | 59 | 274 | 49 |
| Notes: 1. Estimated average annual water temperatures in water heating networks 65;90;110 ° C correspond to the temperature diagrams of 95-70 ° C;150-70 ° C;180-70 ° C.2. Intermediate values of the heat flux density norms should be determined by interpolating |
| Conditional pass of the pipeline, mm | ||||||
| pipeline | return | supply | reverse | supply | reverse | |
| Average annual temperature of the heat carrier, ° С | ||||||
| 65 | 50 | 90 | 50 | 110 | 50 | |
| 25 | 14 | 9 | 20 | 9 | 24 | 8 |
| 30 | 15 | 10 | 20 | 10 | 26 | 9 |
| 40 | 16 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 27 | 10 |
| 50 | 17 | 12 | 24 | 12 | 30 | 11 |
| 65 | 20 | 13 | 29 | 13 | 34 | 12 |
| 80 | 21 | 14 | 31 | 14 | 37 | 13 |
| 100 | 24 | 16 | 35 | 15 | 41 | 14 |
| 125 | 26 | 18 | 38 | 16 | 43 | 15 |
| 150 | 27 | 19 | 42 | 17 | 47 | 16 |
| 200 | 33 | 23 | 49 | 19 | 58 | 18 |
| 250 | 38 | 26 | 54 | 21 | 66 | 20 |
| 300 | 43 | 28 | 60 | 24 | 71 | 21 |
| 350 | 46 | 31 | 64 | 26 | 80 | 22 |
| 400 | 50 | 33 | 70 | 28 | 86 | 24 |
| 450 | 54 | 36 | 79 | 31 | 91 | 25 |
| 500 | 58 | 37 | 84 | 32 | 100 | 27 |
| 600 | 67 | 42 | 93 | 35 | 112 | 31 |
| 700 | 76 | 47 | 107 | 37 | 128 | 31 |
| 800 | 85 | 51 | 119 | 38 | 139 | 34 |
| 900 | 90 | 56 | 128 | 43 | 150 | 37 |
| 1000 | 100 | 60 | 140 | 46 | 163 | 40 |
| 1200 | 114 | 67 | 158 | 53 | 190 | 44 |
| 1400 | 130 | 70 | 179 | 58 | 224 | 48 |
| Notes: 1. Estimated average annual water temperatures in water heating networks 65;90;110 ° C correspond to the temperature diagrams of 95-70 ° C;150-70 ° C;180-70 ° C.2. Intermediate values of the heat flux density norms should be determined by interpolating |
Standards for heat flux density for equipment and piping locations in a room and tunnel and total operation time per year 5000 h or less
APPENDIX 5 *
Mandatory
HEAT FLOW DENSITY NUMBERS THROUGH THE SURFACE OF INSULATION OF EQUIPMENT AND PIPELINES WITH NEGATIVE TEMPERATURES
Table 1
Density normsof the heat flow
with the arrangement of equipment and pipelines in the open air
Table 2
Heat flow density norms
at the location of the equipmentHovhan and pipelines indoor
ANNEX 6 *
Required
STANDARDS density of heat flux through the surface steam duct C condensate at their joint gasket in the passage channels, W / m
ANNEX 7 *
Required
STANDARDS density of heat flux through the surface insulation of the pipeline of the double pipe WATERTHERMAL NETWORKS WITH BREAKDOWN IN NON-PASS CHANNELS AND UNDERGROUND PERFORMANCE CASING
Table 1
Norms of heat flux density of
pipelines attotal operating time per year 5000 hours or less, W / m
Table 2
Density of heat flow of
pipelines for a total operation time of more than 5000 hours per year, W / m
APPENDIX 8
Excluded
ANNEX 9
Reference
DESIGNED COEFFICIENTS OF HEAT TREATMENT
1. Calculated coefficients of heat transfer from the outer surface of the cover layer, depending on the type and temperature of the insulated surface, the type of calculation of the thermal insulation thickness and the applied cover layer are given in the table.
| Insulated surface temperature, ° C | Insulated surface | Insulation design type | Heat dissipation factor ae , W /( m2 × ° C), when disposing the | |||
| insulated surfaces in rooms, tunnels for cover layers with emission factor, With | foropen air, for cover layers with emission factor, With | |||||
| small | high | small | high | |||
| Above 20 | Flat surface, equipment, vertical pipelines | By setsurface temperature | 6 | 11 | 6 | 11 |
| Other types of calculations | 7 | 12 | 35 | 35 | ||
| Horizontal pipelines | Based on the set temperature on the surface of the cover layer | 6 | 10 | 6 | 10 | |
| Other types of calculations | 6 | 11 | 29 | 29 | ||
| 19 and below | All types of insulated objects | Prevent moisture condensation from the ambient air on the surface of the cover layer | 5 | 7 | - | - |
| Otherstypes of calculations | 6 | 11 | 29 | 29 | ||
| Notes: 1. For pipelines laid in channels, the heat transfer coefficient ae = 8 W /( m2 × ° C).2. Covering layers with a low emission factor With are coatings with With £ 2.33 W /( m2 × K4) and less, including their thin-sheet galvanized steel, sheets of aluminum and aluminum alloys, as well as othermaterials, painted with aluminum paint. Coatings with a high emission factor include coatings with With & gt;2,33 W /( m2 × K4), including fiberglass and other materials based on synthetic and natural polymers, asbestos-cement sheets, plasters, coating layers, painted with various paints, except aluminum.3. The coefficient of heat transfer from the air in the channel to the channel can be assumed equal to 8 W /( m2 × ° C). |
ANNEX 10
Mandatory
AS119 COORDINATOR TO CHANGE VALUE OF HEAT AND THERMAL INSULATING CONSTRUCTION DEPENDING ON CONSTRUCTION AREA AND METHOD OF PIPING LAYING( EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION PLACES)
| Conduit pass, mm | Piping method | ||||
| in the | tunnel in the passageway | ||||
| Thickness of the thermal insulation structure, mm, at the temperature of the substance, ° C | |||||
| below minus 30 | from minus 30 to 19 | from 20 to 600 inclusive. | up to 150 inclusive. | 151 and higher | |
| 15 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 40 | 60 |
| 25 | 100 | 60 | 80 | 60 | 100 |
| 40 | 120 | 60 | 80 | 60 | 100 |
| 50 | 140 | 80 | 100 | 80 | 120 |
| 65 | 160 | 100 | 140 | 80 | 140 |
| 80 | 180 | 100 | 160 | 80 | 140 |
| 100 | 180 | 120 | 160 | 80 | 160 |
| 125 | 180 | 120 | 160 | 80 | 160 |
| 150 | 200 | 140 | 160 | 100 | 180 |
| 200 | 200 | 140 | 180 | 100 | 200 |
| 250 | 220 | 160 | 180 | 100 | 200 |
| 300 | 240 | 180 | 200 | 100 | 200 |
| 350 | 260 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 200 |
| 400 | 280 | 220 | 220 | 120 | 220 |
| 450 | 300 | 240 | 220 | 120 | 220 |
| 500 | 320 | 260 | 220 | 120 | 220 |
| 600 | 320 | 260 | 240 | 120 | 220 |
| 700 | 320 | 260 | 240 | 120 | 220 |
| 800 | 320 | 260 | 240 | 120 | 220 |
| 900 and more | 320 | 260 | 260 | 120 | 200 |
| Notes: 1. Insulation thickness for pipelines in ducts is indicated for positive temperatures of transported substances. For pipelines with negative temperatures of transported substances laid in channels, the maximum thickness is assumed to be the same as for laying in a tunnel.2. If the insulation thickness is greater than the limit value, a more efficient material should be used. |
| Area of construction | Method of laying the pipeline and location of | |||
| equipment in the open air | in the room and in the tunnel | in the passageway | non-channel | |
| European areas of the USSR( II-I.5, II.I-II.2) | 1.0 | 1, 0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Urals( VII.I-VII.3) | 1,02 | 1,03 | 1,03 | 1,0 |
| Kazakhstan( XI.I-XI.3) | 1, 04 | 1.06 | 1.04 | 1.02 |
| Central Asia( VI.I-VI.3, XII.I-XII.4) | 1.04 | 1.04 | 1.02 | 1.02 |
| Western Siberia( VIII.I-VIII.5) | 1.03 | 1,05 | 1,03 | 1,02 |
| Eastern Siberia( IX.I-IX.3) | 1,07 | 1,09 | 1,07 | 1,03 |
| Far East( ХI-Х.3) | 0.88 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.96 |
| Far North Regions and Equivalent( Ic-Xs) | 0.9 | 0.93 | 0.85 | - |
| Note. Areas of construction are given in accordance with the letter of the USSR Gosstroy of 6.09.84 No. AI 4448-19 / 5.Territorial regions and subareas in SNiP IV-5-84 are indicated in parentheses. |
APPENDIX 11
Recommended
THICKNESSES OF INDUSTRIAL( COMPLETE AND COMPLETE) THERMAL INSULATING CONSTRUCTIONS
| Thickness of the base layer, mm | |||
| Estimated, by condition of sub.3.1a | Accepted | Estimated, under the terms of sub.3.1b-3.1 and | Accepted |
| 40-45 | 40 | Up to 40 | 40 |
| 46-65 | 60 | 41-60 | 60 |
| 66-85 | 80 | 61-80 | 80 |
| 86-105 | 100 | 81-100 | 100 |
| 106-125 | 120 | 101-120 | 120 |
| 126-150 | 140 | 121-140 | 140 |
| 151-175 | 160 | 141-160 | 160 |
| 176-200 | 180 | 161-180 | 180 |
APPENDIX 12
Recommended
limiting thickness thermal insulation assemblies for underground laying in tunnels and passage channels
APPENDIX 13
recommended
determining thickness and thermal insulation products VOLUMEOF SEALING MATERIALS
1. Thickness of heat-insulating materialof sealing materials before installation on an insulating surface should be determined taking into account the seal factor Ks according to the formulas: for the cylindrical surface
;(1)
for a flat surface
,( 2)
where
d 1, d 2 - the thickness of the thermal insulation product before installation on an insulated surface( without compaction), m;
d - design thickness of thermal insulation layer with compaction, m;
d - outer diameter of insulated equipment, pipelines, m;
Ks is the multiplication factor received according to the table of this annex.
Note. In the case where the product is less than one in formula( 1), it must be taken to be unity.
2. For multi-layer insulation, the thickness of the product before sealing it should be determined separately for each layer.
3. The volume of heat-insulating products from sealing materials prior to compaction should be determined by the formula
,( 3)
where V is the volume of heat-insulating material or product before compaction, m3;
Vi - volume of heat-insulating material or product taking into account the compaction, m3.
| Thermal insulation materials and products | Sealing coefficient Кс |
| Mineral wool products with corrugated structure for laying on pipelines and equipment with conditional passage, mm: | |
| up to 200 | 1,3 |
| 200 to 350 | 1,2 |
| st.350 | 1,1 |
| Mineral wool matt pads | 1,2 |
| Mats made of glass staple fibers | 1,6 |
| Mats made of super-thin fiberglass, BZM mats, canvas of ultra-super-thin and glass-microcrystalline fibers with an average density of 19 to 56 kg / m3 when laid onpipelines and equipment with a conditional pass, mm: | |
| Dу | 3,2 * |
| Same at an average density of 56 kg / m3 | 1,5 * |
| Dу ³ 800 with an average density of 19 kg / m3 | 2,0 * |
| Sameat an average density of 56 kg / m3 | 1.5 * |
| Mineral slabsSynthetic wool cement brand: | |
| 50, 75 | 1,5 |
| 125, 175 | 1,2 |
| Mineral wool plates on bituminous binding brand: | |
| 75 | 1,5 |
| 100, 150 | 1,2 |
| Slabs semi-rigid fiberglass on synthetic binder | 1,15 |
| Polyfoam PVC-E | 1,2 |
| Polyfoam PPU-ET | 1,3 |
| * intermediate values of the compaction factor should be determined by interpolation. Note. In some cases, other compaction factors may be provided in the design and estimate documentation for thermal insulation, due to technical and economic calculations and the features of thermal insulation. |
SNiP 2.04.14-88 * - Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines
BUILDING REGULATIONS AND RULES
THERMAL INSULATION OF EQUIPMENT AND PIPELINES
SNiP 2.04.14-88 *
DESIGNED VNIPI Teploproekt Minmontazhspetsstroya USSR V.V.Popova - the head of the topic, L.V.Stavritskaya ;candidates tehn.sciences Petrov-Denisov , I.L.Maisel , V.I.Kalinin ; А.И.Lisenkova , O.V.Dibrovenko , V.N.Gordeeva ), TsNIIProekt Gosstroy USSR( IM Gubakina ), VNIIPO of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs( Candidate of Technical Sciences MN Kolganova , RZ Fakhrislamov ).
was introduced by the Ministry of Assembly and Special Construction Works of the USSR.
PREPARED TO THE APPROVAL by the Office of Standardization and Technical Norms in the Construction of the USSR Gosstroi( GM Horin , VA Glukharev ).
With the introduction of SNiP 2.04.14-88, the force pasd.8 and adj.12-19 SNiP 2.04.07-86 "Heating networks", sect.13 and adj.6-8 SNiP II-35-76 "Boiler installations", SN 542-81 "Instruction for the design of heat insulation of equipment and pipelines of industrial enterprises", section 7 of SN 527-80 "Instruction for the design of technological steel pipelines for Pye up to 10 MPa", sect.6 CH 550-82 "Instruction on the design of technological pipelines from plastic pipes", item 1.5 of SNiP 2.04.05-86 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning".
In SNiP 2.04.14-88 * amended number 1, adopted by the resolution of the Gosstroy of Russia of December 31, 1997 No. 18-80.
When using the normative document, it is necessary to take into account the approved changes in the building norms and rules of state standards published in the Bulletin of Construction Machinery, the Compilation of Changes to Construction Norms and Rules of the USSR State Construction Committee and the information index "State Standards of the USSR" of the USSR State Standard.
| State Construction Committee of the USSR( Gosstroy USSR) | Building codes and regulations | SNiP 2.04.14-88 * |
| Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines | Instead of section.8 and adj.12-19 SNiP II-35-76, SN 542-81, sect.7 CH 527-80, p.6 CH 550-82, clause 1.5 SNiP 2.04.05-86 |
These building codes and rules should be observed when designing thermal insulation of the external surface of equipment, pipelines and air ducts in buildings, structures and outdoor installations with a temperature of substances contained in them from minus 180up to 600 ° С.
These standards do not apply to the design of thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines containing and transporting explosives, isothermal storage of liquefied gases, buildings and premises for the production and storage of explosives, nuclear power plants and installations.
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1. For thermal insulation of equipment, pipelines and air ducts, as a rule, fully assembled or complete prefabricated structures should be used, as well as pipes with thermal insulation fully factory-ready.
1.2. For pipelines of heating networks, including fittings, flange connections and expansion joints, thermal insulation must be provided regardless of the temperature of the heat carrier and the methods of installation.
For return pipelines of heating networks with Du
1.3. The valve, flange connections, hatches, expansion joints should be isolated if the equipment or piping on which they are installed is insulated.
1.4. When designing, it is also necessary to comply with the requirements for thermal insulation contained in other regulatory documents approved or agreed with the State Construction Committee of the USSR.