Types of drainage systems
The main reason for the need for a drainage system is an excess of moisture that leads not only to bogging lawns, but also to the gradual destruction of the foundation of the house. And if the building has a basement or a basement, the constant leakage of groundwater or rainwater will invariably lead to flooding.
This is especially necessary if they are below the level of groundwater flow. If you notice that the humidity in these rooms is increased and the mold began to form on the walls, this is the first sign that it is urgent to start the drainage system.
This type of structure is classified according to the type of their location:
- Surface( is an open channel, merged into a single network, into which rainwater and thawed water flow)
- Internal( designed system of underground channels united into a single system)
The surface is in turn dividedon:
- Spot( located locally under the stormwater from the roofs, street water taps).It is a rainwater intake connected to a common drainage system.
- Linear( collects and removes moisture flowing from the surface of the ground).It consists of deep grooves with sand trap, with existing latticed covers.
What type of drainage is suitable for your home, will depend on the type of soil, the intensity and location of groundwater, and the geological features of the terrain.
Features of drainage of the foundation of the private house
In order for the drainage system to be as functional as possible and fully perform its functions, it is necessary to understand in detail the peculiarities of the installation, which can be:
- Wall;
- Formation;
- Ring.
Wall-mounted drainage
Designed to protect the foundation of a house, basement or basement from flooding and the appearance of dampness. In this case, the drains are laid in ditches along the walls of the building along the perimeter, to a depth below the foundation level. Especially relevant is the type of drainage in clay soils.
Pore drainage
It is located under the building and is used to dispose of moisture from a fairly large area and prevents their flooding and the formation of dampness. The design of such a system is performed by a specialist as an independent device or in combination with other types of systems.
Ring drainage
The most optimal option in case private ownership is built on water-bearing sandy soil. Gutters in this case are located in semi-rings, taking into account the direction of the flow of groundwater. The depth of such drainage should be an order of magnitude lower than the floor level in the basement.
Special features of installing the drainage system with your own hands
Designing a drainage system must begin at the same time as the beginning of construction. And what if the building is already built? In this case, observing a certain sequence of works and observing simple rules, it is not difficult to independently equip the section with gutters:
- The drainage device is laid to a depth greater than the lower level of the building and sufficient to exclude the freezing of pipes in the winter;
- Mount the drainage pipes under a slope that provides water flow without congestion, even at high intensity and volumetric;
- Choose in advance the place where the total runoff of moisture will be carried out, it may be just a street ditch or a nearby pond.
In any case, it is better to consult an experienced engineer who will help you to design a system and choose the most optimal option.