Fireplaces made of bricks with their own hands - do the right calculations.
. If you think that the creation of fireplaces is going on in a hurry, then you are very wrong. To begin with, it is necessary to make some calculations that will help to fit the fireplace in accordance with the size of the room in which it will be located. So, we begin:
- The size of the furnace hole must have a ratio of 1 to 50 or 1 to 70, depending on the volume of the room.
- Regarding the size of the portal itself, the height to width should be correlated in the proportion of 2 to 3. This ratio, as a rule, is characteristic for small-sized fireplaces intended for rooms with a volume of not more than 70 cubic meters.
- The firebox must have a depth that must be related to the height of the decorative kiln in proportion 1 to 2 or 2 to 3.
- The chimney hole where all the smoke generated during combustion will be drawn is 8-15 times smaller in area thanfurnace hole. Do not forget to take care of the chimney insulation in the future.
After all the dimensions of the future decor is finished, it is necessary to determine the place of its placement in the room. Ideal for the fireplace will be the end wall or the corner of the room.
Please note that the decorative oven is not recommended to be installed opposite the windows, as this will lead to drafts.
Order for fireplace
Before building a fireplace made of bricks, it is necessary to draw a precise diagram on the sheet of paper with an image of the location of each brick in the product. This scheme is called ordering.
Warning! When starting the construction of a decorative oven for the first time, it is strictly recommended to make an order under the supervision of an experienced specialist.
It should be noted that the order in the future will help to simplify the construction task many times. When the laying of the brick is completed, we proceed to erect the foundation.
Proper construction of the foundation for the fireplace
First, it is necessary to dig a pit, the size of which should exceed the size of the finished product by 12-15 cm. The depth of the excavation should be from half a meter to 70 centimeters. Please note that in no case should the foundation of the fireplace to the foundation of the house of be adjacent! After the excavation is dug, it is necessary to pour rubble on its bottom, to a height of 10-15 cm, which is then carefully compacted. Only after this we proceed to install the formwork.
The formwork is a kind of box with no bottom. The height of the formwork should not reach the level of the finished floor of the room by 5-7 cm. The walls of the formwork must be waterproofed. Fill the foundation with a cement mortar consisting of one part of cement and three parts of washed sand. Consistency is brought to the likeness of thick sour cream. To save the building materials, you can use a stone bouquet, which is thoroughly spilled with cement mortar. When the pouring is completed, the surface of the foundation is leveled, covered with a film and dried in this form for 7-10 days. Only after this happens is the laying of fireplaces made of bricks.
The process of laying fireplaces made of brick
Immediately I would like to draw attention to the fact that a brick fireplace with its own hands is made only of the highest quality material. To do this, carefully choose a red and refractory brick. So, let's take a close look at how to make a fireplace made of bricks:
- Before the first row, several waterproof layers must be laid on the foundation foundation. As it can act as roofing felt or roofing felt.
- Typically, to make the fireplace look more aesthetic, the first row is laid out with a brick on the edge. Already from the next row, you can start laying the brick flat.
- In order to operate the decorative furnace as comfortably as possible, its furnace must rise above the floor level into two or three rows of bricks. Do not forget to also use and compare with the order, gradually removing each laid stone.
- The back wall of the product is laid out in half a brick, and the side walls - in a brick. In order to increase the heat transfer of the furnace, the side walls must be deployed towards the room. In view of this, the rear wall lies slightly forward.
- Directly above the firebox is equipped with a smoke chamber. They are separated from each other by a "tooth" or "pass", the size of which is equal to the cross section of the pipe. You can make it a couple of centimeters large.
Specialists share some tricks that can be applied in the work. So, before putting a brick, it is dipped in water for 2-3 minutes, so that it is wet. Clay-sand can be used as a mortar for masonry. In addition, the masters recommend using blue clay, it is much stronger and durable. Concerning the masonry, experts advise: from the front side it is necessary that the mortar does not reach the edge of the brick by 5 millimeters. Next, the mating and masonry takes on a complete and beautiful appearance.
