The device of a floor on wooden logs

The legs for laminated timber structures are usually lugs. They are made mainly of polymer or wood. Significantly less frequent lags, made of metal or reinforced concrete. In general, logs are commonly referred to as transverse floor beams, on which the finish coat is lined. Wooden logs are good because of their small price. Polymer materials are valued for the simplicity and speed of installation. It is worth mentioning that the masters engaged in chopped houses still use flat logs instead of timber. These logs are likewise called lags, but they are much cheaper. In any case, whatever material is used for installation, before laying the wooden floor on the logs, the boards should be kept for at least a year in normal humidity conditions. On the features of mounting the wooden floor on the lag - further.

Advantages of

material Logs for wooden floor have several significant functional advantages:

1. The floor boards in a wooden house have good thermal insulation, thus reducingheat loss.
2. In addition, the lags allow the arrangement of ventilated underground niches, where it is possible, for example, to lay the necessary engineering communications.
3. In addition, they allow you to correctly redistribute the load on the layers of floors located below.
4. Thanks to the lags, it is possible to create an even surface for the flooring of the floorboards.
5. It is also worth noting that, if damaged individual structures, they can easily be replaced, since wood bars can be purchased at any construction store.

Arrangement of the floor according to the logs in the wooden house

How to choose the section of the

timber The ratio of the sides of the log for lags should be 2: 1.5.In the event that the floor is planned to be laid on wooden beams, then there is one more requirement to the logs. Their dimensions should be selected depending on the distance between the bearing supports. If you want to insulate the floor with a layer of thermal insulation, a gap of 3.5 mm should be left between the heater and the underside of the finishing coat for ventilation. Therefore, when buying a bar, you need to consider the size of this gap.

To determine the cross-section of the logs, you can use the table:

If the floor to be laid will use the ground as a support, then you need to take into account the thickness of the slope, which is laid on the skull bar attached to the lags. In general, it is better to take a bar with a section slightly larger than the calculated value. If the floor is made above the ground base, you can not use expensive cross-section beam in work. In this case, it is allowed to put brick supports. The step between them should be approximately 1.2 m. At the same time, the groundwater level must be taken into account. If it is below 2 m, then silicate brick can be used as a material for supports.

There should be the same distance between supports and beam elements. This is how the competent laying is done. Before you build the pillars, you need a foundation. And under each brick beam a separate basis is made, the size of 400 by 400 mm. It is allowed to use a strip foundation, which will cover several such supports at once. In each row of the column there should be 2 bricks each. But the height of the column depends on the level of the supporting elements for the beam.

Rules for stacking the log

When carrying out installation work, you must adhere to certain rules:

1. The surface, which is prepared for logs, must first be cleaned and primed with a primer layer.
2. The existing wooden parts must be dried and treated with a suitable antiseptic.
3. As a soundproof material, use slag, sand or fiberboard.
4. After the completion of the laying of the floor, the leveling of the laid logs must be checked according to the rule that is applied over the beams. As a rule, it is convenient to use a long level. If there is no clearance between the floor and the beams, then the work was done correctly. In the presence of a lumen, the surface must be leveled by pouring sand under the lags.
5. It is desirable to install the logs, focusing on the placement of the window opening. In addition, between them and the walls should be a distance of not more than 350 mm.
6. Logs should first be leveled, and only after that you can lay the wooden floor on them.
7. The boards must be secured to each lag.
8. To prevent splitting of the boards, holes for the fasteners are made in advance. If a self-tapping screw is used to fasten the wooden floor to the logs, a very thin drill is used to make the holes.

Laying log on concrete foundation

There are several methods for laying logs on concrete. The first way is to use the pads, and the second - the cement screed. Let's consider in more detailSo, in the first case, pads of solid material of different thickness are used. They fit between lags and concrete in order to level the floor level. This method can not be called the best. But, despite this, it is used quite often. The disadvantage of this is that the pads may deform over time. This will lead to the appearance of creaking and bending the floor.

In the second case, as already mentioned, a cement screed is used. Its main task is to level the front surface of the floor. Lags can only be laid on the surface after the screed is flooded. This will prevent deformation of the floor. Screed as a support will be strong and reliable enough. But before laying lags on concrete, the base should be protected from moisture. For this purpose, a polyethylene film is used.

In addition to waterproofing, sound insulation is required. It is necessary in order to extinguish the shock noise. Sound insulation pads are laid directly under the lags. Cork substrates may be used. As for the screed, it can be cement or dry. When all this is done, you can start laying lags. As a material for this, it is desirable to take a bar, the length of which is the same as the length of the room. If there is no possibility to purchase the material of the right size, you should get a board with a length of at least 2.1 m.

To make the structure sufficiently stable, it is better not to lay logs on a soft insulation. It is desirable to lay the insulation material between the lags in the form of cloths. In the presence of free cracks, they can be sealed with extra scraps, which are left from the heater.

Installing a floor board in a wooden house

Time has shown that wood is one of the best materials used for flooring. If the wooden floor is laid correctly, it will last long enough. During this period, it retains its appearance. In addition, the wooden floor is the most environmentally friendly. Of the advantages of such a coating, it is worth noting the simplicity of leveling the surface. The wooden floor also has a good sound and heat insulation.

For laying tools you will need:

• ax,
• puncher,
• construction level,
• hammer with nail,
• saw,
• screwdriver,
• drill and wrenches.

You will also need a floor board, logs and a heater. The size of the log for the wooden floor is taken as 50 by 500 mm. Self-tapping screws, anchor bolts and nails are useful from fasteners. When everything is available, the logs are laid on the soundproof material with the required distance. The surface should be fairly flat, which can be controlled with the help of a building level. To the concrete the logs are fixed to the anchors. The boards are fixed on the lags using dowels.

Installation of wooden floor boards

First of all, it is necessary to prepare the base. In this case, instead of backfilling sand, support brick pillars are being built. Each pillar is a separate structure with its own foundation. For pouring, it is necessary to pre-mark the working surface. You can stack wooden boards in different ways. The method of their installation depends on the type of premises where the work is carried out. So, in the rest room, the floorboards are best placed parallel to the flow of light. In a bath you can place them parallel to a long wall. On the veranda, the floorboards are optimally positioned at a right angle.

In some cases an additional lath is not mounted above the lags. So, sometimes the lag is best placed across the board. When calculating the size and pitch of the lag, it is necessary to take into account the position of the columns.

You can use the table:

Let's take a closer look at the device of the floor on wooden lags. As a rule, the installation of the bars starts from one of the walls. In this case, a gap of at least 300 mm and no more than 200 mm should be left between the first beam and the wall. The same applies to the last lag, which will be the nearest to the opposite wall. By the way, one should not pour a separate foundation under each support. It is allowed to fill only one row under several supports at once.

The most important thing is that the basis should support the contour of the support along the perimeter by at least 10 mm, and preferably 45 mm. Therefore, the formwork must be made in such a way that the layer of the foundation to be poured is of a width and length greater than about 30-90 mm. The same applies to filling the basis for each support.

The concrete substrate is poured as follows. First, the ground is ground. Then a formwork with boards 100 mm high is arranged. Further on, the reinforced mesh is laid on the bottom. After that concrete is poured. Then wait about three days, until the concrete is cold. Then the foundation is covered with polyethylene as waterproofing. And, at last, build support.

When constructing a cold floor under it remains space, which should be covered with expanded clay or slag. But it should not be filled up completely - about 50 mm should be left on top. To ensure normal ventilation of the underground space, a technological gap is left around the perimeter. In the plinths, which close the cracks near the walls, it is necessary to make ventilation holes. According to the building code for every 15 sq.m.in the skirting there must be two holes. Thus, the total area of ​​the holes is from 20 to 30 square meters.see To prevent mice from entering the house, the holes should be covered with a thin decorative net of non-ferrous metal.

Floor slopes in the wooden house: video