This is quite an interesting building material, which is known even under such "folk" names, as "drevobeton" and "sawdust concrete".From this it becomes clear what is included in the composition of the mixture being prepared. Arbolit is not another "breakthrough" in technology, as it is known for a long time and due to some historical circumstances, it was undeservedly forgotten in our country. Although practical application has proved the high efficiency of construction from arbolitic blocks.
It suffices to say that before the restructuring there were a number of enterprises that were engaged in the production of this type of wall stone. But later some of them were redeveloped, some sold out, and some still stand abandoned, in complete ruin.
Before considering the technology of independent production of blocks from the arbolite, it is worthwhile to find out whether it is expedient to do this at all? After all, there is a huge assortment of building materials on sale, more "understandable" and familiar. In order to more clearly the advantage of these products, we point out that they are made on the basis of wood, cement and polymers.
Main advantages of
products Strength of
Firstly, , the number of rejected products is sharply reduced, since the risk of their damage, both during transportation to the facility and during installation works, is minimized. This can achieve significant savings.
Secondly, , implies increased resistance to deformation, including bending. This makes it possible to build structures on "problem" soils, on less "powerful" foundations, which significantly reduces the cost of construction. Even in cases of significant soil movements or other causes that cause cracks in the basement, the walls of the arbolite "will stand".
High performance
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The use of this material in many cases allows not to use additional means of warming, and in case of arrangement of such layer, save on the "heat insulator".Arbolit does not conduct heat. - The same goes for the sound. Therefore, such buildings are characterized by high-quality noise insulation. In this respect, they are several times better than bricks( 5 times) or, for example, wood( at 7).
- Water practically does not absorb, and the cellular structure( and large) provides reliable air exchange.
- Arbolite is considered one of the most environmentally friendly materials.
- It is easy to handle, reliably holds fasteners( screws, dowels), which you can not say, for example, about foam concrete.
Ease of self-production and installation
- You can prepare various building materials by yourself. For example, blocks from gas, foam concrete are made not only in industrial installations, but also directly on the site of application. Technologies are similar, but the quality of the finished product from the arbolite is higher.
- The light weight makes it possible to manually fix all block fixing events in the place.
- Absolute evenness of the edges allows to finish the finish with any material
Low construction costs of the
In addition to the aforementioned savings methods( including heating), with proper manufacturing, the expense of the most expensive component of all light concrete - cement - can be reduced approximately in3 times.
Components
Cementing agent - as a rule, cement of marks "400" or "500" is used.
Fillers - there are enough options here, and combinations of recommended ingredients( from wood) can be used.
Basic:
- shavings;
- sawdust;
- chips.
Additional components( no more than 5% of the total weight of the main):
- needles;
- wood trash( bark, leaves).
Additives
To increase the strength and a number of other characteristics, it is advisable to introduce some substances into the formulation. For example, liquid glass or its mixture with calcium oxide( 1 to 1).It all depends on what blocks are needed - the structural element or not, the conditions for further operation, the climate features and a number of other factors.
Chemicals
Wood, as an organic substance, contains sugar in its composition. It must be neutralized, as it reduces the strength of the finished product. Therefore, for example, calcium chloride, aluminum sulfate and a number of others are introduced into the composition of the mixture. But there are no such "reagents" in the open market, so sugar can be neutralized in an independent way, which is described below.
Technology - milestones and features of
Preparation of
components All fillers must be crushed thoroughly. The maximum permissible sizes of fractions( not to the detriment of the quality of the blocks) are 2.5 cm in length and 0.5 cm in width. The task is to achieve an even distribution of all components by volume, which ensures homogeneity of the structure and, as a result, high quality of the products.
Next( to neutralize the sugar), wood fillers are poured with a lime solution( 1.5%) and mixed. Exposure - not less than 3 hours. At 1 m³ of the composition will need about 200 liters.
The liquid then merges and the mass is still aged for about 96 hours. Several times per day it should be shoveled.
Preparation of
solution To obtain the required quality, it is necessary to "mix" it in a concrete mixer. This will achieve really thorough mixing. If this work is done manually, in the traditional way - with a shovel - then the formation of lumps, the heterogeneity of the stone structure can not be avoided. This significantly annihilates all its advantages over analogues.
Proportion is recommended as follows: water - 4 parts, wood and cement - according to 3.
When mixing, do not immediately load everything that is cooked into the drum. Ingredients are laid batchwise, without turning off the unit. Just parts of the water is poured. This will significantly improve the quality of the final product.
Tip
During cooking, you need to monitor the degree of readiness of the solution. If after clenching a small portion in the palm of your hand( after straightening your fingers) there remains a lump( that is, the mass keeps the form), then the arbolite is ready.
Obtaining blocks
The solution is poured into specially prepared forms. Their dimensions are selected in accordance with the required size of the stone. Such "templates" are sold for the production of foam or aerated concrete. With some skill in handling tools, you can make them yourself - from a smoothly processed board, thick( flaky) plywood.
The design is simple. A long pencil is knocked down, along the inside walls of which, with a certain interval, the saws are made. Into these grooves are inserted internal partitions, which divide the pencil into cells with the dimensions of the future blocks. They fill the solution. After curing, the finished products are removed and laid out on the prepared site. On it, the products "reach" to the final readiness.
Some remarks
- the wood should be cleaned of dirt and foreign material;
- it needs and disinfection. For this, slaked lime is well suited;
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to increase the strength of the mortar must be sealed( after pouring in formwork or molds for blocks).This will remove air and excess moisture from the mass. Produced or machines for vibrocompression, or shovel, reinforcement by the "piercing" pouring; - so that the blocks do not stick to the "pencil case", it is necessary to prepare the inner walls accordingly. They are preliminarily finished with film, linoleum, or processed with used engine oil before pouring another portion of the solution;
- it is possible to meet recommendations that for the arbolite the cement 200 or 300 is suitable. Yes, but if it is "fresh" and the blocks will not be excessively loaded in the future. It should be noted that only half a year of storage of cement reduces its main characteristics by about 40 - 45%.Consequently, the "old" M300 will no longer be such. It can correspond in fact( depends on storage conditions), for example, M150.Therefore, the recommendation for brands 400, 500 is quite appropriate and is given for good reason.
On the Internet, you can find many other recommendations for the self-manufacturing of arbolitic blocks, which are basically similar, but differ in nuances. It is worthwhile to understand that this process is partly "creative", experimental. Therefore, first you need to try to prepare a small batch( experienced).Then it becomes clear how best to work with this cement, with these sawdust and so on.
