What could be better than a beautiful summer holiday on the shore of a lake, pond or river? Particularly nice when such a pond is in the immediate vicinity of the house. To build a pool on your own country site is a fairly simple exercise and you can make it yourself, although at first glance it seems that it is almost impracticable.
First of all, it is necessary to determine the ideal place for placing the pool. Whichever area is chosen, it is necessary to take into account the specifics of the connection of the reservoir to the utilities - supply and discharge of water. Plus, if desired, lighting, a fountain or a small waterfall. This means that you will have to do connection to the electricity / supply.
What to consider when choosing a site
- Will the root system of plants be damaged?
- Distance from the "source" to the pool. It is clear that it should be minimal. This will reduce the amount of work and material costs.
The following tool kit should also be prepared in advance:
- Roulette;
- Construction level;
- Cord or rope;
- Stones of various sizes;
- Special small stakes;
- Wire for reinforcement;
- Wire mesh based on steel wire;
- Boards;
- Valve locking water;
- Nails and screws, which have a special coating against rust;
- Sufficient stock of sand and cement;
- Waterproofing material;
- to the Shovel;
- A bar suitable for manual tamping.
In general terms, the instructions for building a swimming pool at the dacha look like this:
Place, area and layout
The exact area, as well as the shape of the future water body, is determined. Dimensions are based on how many people will constantly use the water body. A large family needs a fairly spacious structure. Practice has shown that the optimal depth of the basin varies from 120 to 180 centimeters, then the length and width can be 400. This is true for an adult. For children - not more than 0.8 m. If it is a dacha, where every centimeter is on the account, then any advice will be superfluous - with the dimensions of the pond each is determined by itself.
It is necessary to find the most suitable place for the pool on the site. Space must be open, without trees nearby. Trees are the reason that there will always be enough cool water in the pool, in which the fallen leaves float. Of course, one should not have a pool in low-lying areas, as this will lead to pollution of the water with rainwater.
With the help of roulette, the marking of the construction site is made, the dimensions of which in all directions should be 50 centimeters above the size of the future reservoir. The boundaries are clearly marked with the help of stakes, on which the rope is stretched. Fertile soil layer from the marked area should be completely removed. At the next stage, under the concrete pool, a foundation pit is dug for the required depth. It is necessary to ensure that the walls of the pit are perfectly even, and the bottom is about 30 centimeters below the desired depth. The bottom, at the same time, should have some slope.
Drainage pit, formwork and concreting
The construction of any pool implies that a sand layer is laid at the bottom, the thickness of which is 20 to 30 centimeters. Each of the layers to be laid is carefully trampled, after which waterproofing materials are laid on top. A bituminous ruberoid, which is not only reliable and practical, but also of low cost, can be considered a good option.
Necessity is available not only in the foundation pit, but also in a specialized drainage pit, the depth of which must exceed the depth of the main reservoir. A special drain pipe is placed in the pit, the end of which is located in the basin, after which it is equipped with a valve, which makes it possible to close the water. The drainage pit wakes up with a fairly thick gravel layer. Since it will receive only dirty water, rather than drains from the sewage system, its design does not require special requirements. Then the skimmer and overflow systems are installed, which are engaged in water purification.
Through the whole perimeter of the reservoir, the bars of the armature are put in at a step of 0.3 meters. The distance from the edge is at the level of 5 centimeters. The rods are necessarily fastened with wire. It should be noted that the use of a welding machine is not allowed. Overheating of the metal reduces the strength of the mesh and promotes the development of corrosion. Therefore - only knitting rods. The boards are used to fold wooden shutters from them. Inside the pit, they must be installed, measuring 15 cm from the wall from the ground.
Although the non-removable structure of expanded polystyrene panels is more efficient. In addition to the fact that the material is waterproof, it still performs the function of "mechanical" protection of the bowl, since the motions of the soil can lead, if not to deformation of the concrete, to the appearance of cracks in it. Such foresight will exclude the likely repair of the reservoir every spring.
Concreting of the basin is carried out with the help of cement. Given the capacity and mass of water, the concrete grade is selected for a monolithic foundation - at least M300.Consequently, the cement is "400" or "500".The mixture pours out as slowly as possible. The voids that are located between the ground and the installed formwork are filled with layers of mortar. After loading the concrete, it must be sealed by expelling air from its structure. In practice, it is sufficient to pierce the mass with a reinforcing pin across the entire area of the bowl.
After complete drying of the concrete mix, it is possible to engage directly in the installation work.
In order to make the pool bottom as much as possible on an ordinary water body, it is recommended to use clean river sand. Ten-centimeter layer will be quite enough.
Features of the
frame-type basins. Frame-type basins can be constructed from wood, using aluminum or tin sheets for internal lining. Of course, aluminum is a much more reliable and aesthetic option. In the process of creating the bottom and top harnesses a pine bar is used, whereas for the intermediate part any thick board can be used. The construction of a sufficient index of rigidity is carried out with the help of braces, which are also based on solid boards.
The main advantage of the frame pool is that it can be dismantled without any problems during the cold season. Replacement of water within the basin is also not difficult. A flexible garden hose is fixed at the bottom of the tank, which will make it possible to use the waste water for irrigation of garden plants or lawns.
During the construction of the pool, it is necessary to use a sealant, which even an ordinary polyethylene film is suitable for. Wood is necessarily treated with a component that promotes resistance to the aquatic environment. The price of a skeleton pool is minimal, but it differs in a rather solid appearance and can be inscribed in any landscape.
It's interesting that you can use ordinary PVC film to create a pool with your own hands. This is one of the most modern materials, which are characterized by significant operational and external parameters. The film is not afraid of constant operation in the aquatic environment, does not allow liquid to pass through, and therefore allows a significant reduction in the cost of waterproofing the bowl. Surprisingly, even the presence of cracks on the bowl is not a hindrance to the film in retaining the entire volume of water. The use of the film is allowed both in the process of reconstruction of the old basin, and in the construction of a new water reservoir that does not involve excavation.
All the parts of the film are seamlessly bonded to each other by temperature welding, which creates a sturdy bowl. Installation of the pool is carried out on the previously prepared base, after which it is rigidly fixed by a skeleton made of boards.
A fairly popular version of a homemade dacha pool is a pool, the basis of which is made of fiberglass. Split this material is extremely difficult, no additional coverage is required. The downside is that the fiberglass pool needs a mandatory supply of all communications. As a pedestal for installation the basis on a concrete basis which differs the maximum durability is used.
If it is a small-size plot, it is better to install an industrial pool - inflatable. The price for such products depends on their shape, linear dimensions, the manufacturer and starts from 1 650 rubles. All construction work will be reduced only to cleaning the area and leveling off the allotted area. The water can be drained / drained by a conventional garden hose. By the way, and repair will only need "point", if there will be a puncture. In this - another 1 "plus", since much time to eliminate damage is not needed.
