The villa, like any residential building, must be equipped with various engineering systems. Of course, those who visit there a couple of times a month, this issue is not particularly interested. But the majority of summer residents rightfully consider it a second home, and many live there, not only in the warm season.
If problems with electricity and water in most garden cooperatives are solved, even with gas now there are no problems( it is enough to use liquefied gas), then this can not be said about the sewage system. And frankly speaking, if it is not a settlement for "VIP-owners", then it is not worth hoping.
The traditional type of "sewage" in the plots is the "birdhouse" above the cesspool. But recently land owners prefer to install septic tanks, especially since constructive solutions of such "cleaners and accumulators" so much that you can choose the most acceptable option for your territory.
Features
- This option is considered one of the cheapest. And for a summer house to arrange a treatment plant more expensive, "according to the latest technology," and there is no sense.
- Structural strength. Such a septic is not afraid of soil displacements during seasonal shifts, nor deformation under the pressure of underground water layers, nor the roots of trees that extend throughout the site.
- Ease of external finishing( waterproofing, insulation), as all w / w products have strict dimensions according to GOST.Consequently, the probability of any "fits" is reduced at times.
- In the process of operation, there is practically no need to carry out any activities. The service life of the structure is determined by the "durability" of the concrete, and it is known.
Some skeptics talk about the drawbacks of such a sewer. But let's get a little insight into the meaning of "reproaches":
- From such septic tanks it smells. Then the question - and from what "no"?Who prevents tightly seal the joints of the rings and think about the secure attachment of the cover?
- Such septic tanks should be periodically cleaned. And what do not you need?
- Hand rings are not supplied manually due to their weight.
Perhaps, this is the only drawback of such septic tanks. But if you think about everything, do the preparatory work after harvesting, then the crane can go to the site and do the work. By the way, in autumn such services are provided by many specialized firms at a lower price, as the number of clients decreases.
Installation technology
There is no sense to consider the methodology of arrangement of the whole sewage system, as much depends on the features of the site. Therefore, the story will be directly about the installation of a septic tank, and the simplest( one-chamber) structure, which is quite enough for a dacha. It is necessary only to not forget some general rules:
- The sewage route must go from the building to the septic tank under a slope( at least 30 per running meter).This will eliminate the possibility of blockages.
- The number of pipe turns must be kept to a minimum. In these places, wells are always put. They are transient, and lookout, and cleaning simultaneously.
- The entire line must be insulated.
- Pipes and their joints are carefully insulated, otherwise the penetration of impurities into the soil can not be avoided.
- It is necessary to select the right place under the septic tank. This is a separate big question, of which we have already written.
We will also omit such a stage of construction as calculating the required volume of the chamber( the diameter of the rings) and drawing up a general scheme, all of which can be read here.
So, the construction itself is a septic tank. Again, only the main points, because, based on local conditions, there may be certain nuances.
Preparation of foundation pit
Its depth depends on the freezing of soil in a given locality, and the dimensions should provide not only the ability to install rings, but also to produce their exterior finish. Since we have a single-chamber model, the bottom is not concreted. It is well trampled and covered with a filtering layer, which consists of a mixture of coarse sand, small gravel and gravel. The thickness of such a "filter" should be at least half a meter.
Preparation of
rings This is done before installing them. Upper - closer to the upper cut, on the lateral surface, an opening is made for the subsequent entry of a sewage pipe into the septic tank.
Bottom - around the perimeter, small holes are drilled( by the type of a gooseberry) to a height of about 15 cm from the bottom end. This will provide more intensive drainage. So, you need a puncher and a drill.
Assembly of reinforced concrete products
The joints of the rings along the perimeter are sealed with a solution. But this is not enough to prevent the products from shifting relative to each other. Their additional fixation is made by plates or staples( metal).Therefore, you need a welding machine.
Finish
Waterproofing - from the inside the whole tank must be waterproofed to prevent the possibility of liquids entering the ground through the joints of the rings. Appropriate materials are sufficient. On sale there are plastic cylinders that can be put inside the septic tank. This is a more reliable variant of waterproofing.
By the way, it is also necessary that the sewer walls are not clogged with impurities, since the material itself( w / w) is somewhat rough. Without such an internal lining, you will have to periodically engage in "capital" repairs of the septic tank( clean out of the build-up).
The same is on the outside;finish all over the surface. Use a ruberoid is not recommended, since its service life is small, and the tensile strength is low.
Warming - you need to think about it. If the contents of the septic tank "grab" at a low temperature, then the ice will "tear" the joints first. Since the rings are used, the best option is a mineral wool. But it can be covered from above with a roofing felt.
Backfilling of the excavation
First, it must be done carefully, so as not to damage the outer lining of the septic tank. In the mass that will be discharged, there should be no stones or other solid fractions.
Secondly, portioned."Loading" is done by layers, each of which is compacted. For reliability it is also recommended to spill water.
Installing the
hatch You can use a wooden cover that is securely fixed. You can - w / b with a hatch. The main thing is that there must be an opening for installing the vent pipe so that the gas content of the tank does not occur.
Accordingly, it is mounted and ventilation( with a fungus), according to the scheme considered here.
Tips
- For a septic tank, you can buy used rings if they do not have serious flaws. They will cost an average of 35 - 40% cheaper.
- To drive less often, you need to fill up the bioactivators in the tank. On sale there is a sufficient range of similar compounds.
- For closing joints, experts advise to use the composition "AquaBarrier"( or similar).It has moisture-repellent properties. After all, inside the tank there will be, including, liquid.
- For such a "filtering" septic design, rings with a diameter of up to 1.5 m are not recommended.
