The design of the stairs: in the house on the second floor, the wooden scheme for the living room, how to draw 3d on paper, the internal

A modern ladder should not only be safe, but also beautiful An elegant staircase that rises to the second floor of a living room or another room can rightly be considered one of the main decorations of the house. The photographs prove that a correctly executed and schematically adjusted staircase design will transform the home interior, will correspond to style and design. Designing is a complicated process and if there are no skills in this complicated business, it is better to order a design project to professionals.

How to design a ladder to the second floor: types of stairs

If experience and self-confidence are available, then you can create an individual, reliable design with your own hands. How to design a ladder, what kinds of structures are there, how to calculate - this is a little more detailed.

The ladder can be:

• Solid wood;
• Metallic;
• Glass.

We design ladders carefully, it is important to take into account a lot of factors and correctly choose the type, design project, decide where the design will be located.

The most popular and in demand today are the wooden staircases

In country houses, to make a convenient upgrade to the 2nd floor, the following types of stairs are usually used:

1. L-shaped ladder. The most popular option. The basis of the construction is 2 marches, located at 90 degrees to each other and connected by an intermediate platform.
2. Ladder of the U-shape. Slightly more cumbersome dimensions, therefore, are most suitable for large spaces. It includes 2 spans, which are connected by a surface or initial steps. This type of construction, just like the previous one, is usually arranged in cottages, where the interstore height is sufficient.
3. A flight of stairs. It is very cumbersome, but is most easily constructed.
4. Spiral or spiral staircase. A wonderful solution for small rooms, although in use it is still less comfortable than other options, but it looks always very magical and easy.

In designing, it is important to design a ladder that can be built on strings or bolts. In some cases, these methods of construction can be combined. If there is a desire to get a solid and solid ladder, then the preference should be given to the bowstring, not to the beams, they will reliably support the steps from the sides and from below. The arms are metal fasteners, which fix the steps to a vertical surface.

The choice of design that leads to the 2nd floor is usually determined by the design concept of the project, which is planned to be created. The example should be a ladder or different options for stairs that fit perfectly into the interiors of different styles, decorate the house and decorate the room.

Another important criterion of choice is the selection of building material, which is suitable for the manufacture of lifting structures. If you like modern models of arc-shaped or screw-shaped, it is better to make them metal with a finish, for example, glass.

The metal staircase looks interesting and fashionable, but lovers of the classical direction should stop at wooden structures.

Designing ladders: calculating

Before drawing schematically the details in the picture on paper, you need to correctly calculate the dimensions. Creating a plan of staircase, it is extremely important to do everything in accordance with the rules of SNIP.

Initially, you need to make measurements of the available space, and then calculate:

• Quantity;
• Height;
• The width of the steps.

Before installing a ladder in a room, you first have to make room measurements and the structure itself

You also need to calculate the slope of the structure. Speaking about comfort, the scheme provides an angle of inclination of about 45 degrees, but such stairs will not occupy a sufficiently large footage, therefore, in practice, a lifting structure with a slope of 35-40 degrees is more often used. When calculating the height and width of the steps, the width of the step of the person is taken into account. The standard is 25-28 centimeters, which corresponds to twice the width of the human step. In the end, attention should be given to the development of barriers and railings, which are important for creating security. The parameters in this case correspond to individual wishes. Observing the rules and regulations, you can get a solid, good staircase.

Standard fit:

1. Step width 28 cm, height( max) 15-18 cm.
2. Height of railing above 90 cm.
3. Withstanding heavy loads.

It is important to remember, if the internal elements of the design of the ladder design are carried out according to the rules, this important element of the interior will last you a long time, giving comfort and a sense of joy. Executive visualization also matters.

Competent designs of stairs in the house on the second floor and construction by own hands

Before you build, you need to stock up on skills and knowledge. Otherwise, you will need a project from the master or, even worse, the restructuring of the entire structure. The choice of the frame depends on the characteristics of the structure. Also, the choice depends on the design idea and preferences of the owners of housing.

A concrete ladder is erected from massive blocks, carrying out the reinforcement procedure, fastening to this armature of the frame. The wooden and metal frame is easier to mount. Bearing supports are strengthened by vertical supports. Arranging the skeleton of the spiral staircase, the rack is attached to the floor and the ceiling. When building a ladder made of wood on a string, treads are arranged in special grooves. The grooves are cut or chiselled by a special tool. The type of the steps depends on the shape of the grooves.

Special attention is recommended by specialists to the steps, as they must be safe and comfortable for all family members.

The steps can be:

• Inserted in the grooves;
• Cut;
• Inserted into the through grooves;
• Carved in the string with risers.

Connect steps and bowstring threaded studs with a diameter of 10-14 mm or bolts. As soon as the work is done, the string is fixed to the beams of the staircases.

To make the structure stronger, you need to install an additional board with a cutout, where a string with spikes is inserted. It is very important to ensure that the platform and the clean floor are located at a common level. For this purpose, the arrangement of temporary stands is provided, which are later attached to the walls.

Once the walls have settled, the struts should be removed and the pads laid with the required thickness. Further, marches are installed, steps, balusters and racks are inserted. Then the handrails are mounted. After assembly, the ladder is covered with a protective compound. The project can be created in 3D format, using the special program Sweet Home 3D vs SketchUp pro100 sema. The layout with the help of the program is drawn simply, you can calculate everything, and make adjustments before the construction starts.

Scheme of the ladder to the second floor or how to calculate the number of steps

In order to calculate the number of steps, you must divide the height of your room into the height of the riser, which is recommended( minimum size is 150 millimeters).

In order to correctly and quickly make a draft of the ladder, it is better to ask for help from specialists

Suppose, to the ceiling of 2.7 meters( 2700 mm), then 2700/150 = 18 steps. To the figure you have to add another step, because the floor has its own width.

If there are 3000 mm for the ladder, then the steps are 20. To calculate the width of the step, it is necessary to divide the height by the number of steps. Next, the clearance is determined - the distance between the steps and the ceiling surface. Recommended values ​​for this parameter are 1.85-2.1 m.

Recommended width of the march:

• Normal flat - 0,85-1,1 m.
• Apartment - 1,3-1,7 m.
• Dacha 8x8 - 0,75-0,85 m.

The schematic drawing is made on A4 sheet in sizes that have been individually calculated. To work, you need a tape measure, a metal ruler, a drawing paper.

If everything is correctly designed, then the design, like the Japanese kirigami will be light, airy, but reliable.

House design with a staircase in the living room

In a small house, a staircase installed in the living room gives an opportunity to increase the usable area of ​​the whole house. The project can be created using the same program Sweet Home 3D vs SketchUp pro100 sema. Another good design program is AutoCAD.The staircase, open to the living room or placed in it, will take up less space. The doorway can be located opposite the stairs. The design placed in the middle looks impressive.

The beautiful and compact ladder does not take up much space in the room, decorating the room

The benefits of the staircase in the living room include:

1. Space saving.
2. The construction opposite the opening makes it easy to bring furniture.
3. Combining floors in a single space.

The location can be not only where doorways are. It can be behind the entrance, then space can be filled with functional interior items.

The ladder can zonate the space, and be located in the middle. However, more often architects arrange a ladder opposite the entrance, where the entrance is.

Well-thought-out designs of wooden staircases: remote structures

A staircase to the attic or to a two-story house can be removed. This design has been leading the market for many years. The transformable model makes it possible without any problems to use the attic space and the mine zone in the ground, which is usually used for storage of preserves and vegetables. The product is attached to the hatch.

To make the interior of the living room original and refined possible with the help of a creative wooden staircase with glass rails

This is an architectural highlight in the design of the room, which:

• Saves space;
• Easily transforms;
• Allows you to fully utilize additional rooms.

We compose a ladder project( video)

It is problematic to drag an ordinary ladder into a house, install it, and then carry it back. In a number of cases, this is the reason why it's just too lazy to send things to the cellar or to the attic. The ideal solution is a portable ladder-transformer. Examples

ladders projects on the second floor( photo)