Staircase: new SNiP rules, upper edge according to specifications, lower requirements in buildings

Stairs must comply with the standards GOST and SNIP: it affects the safety and convenience of ascent and descent to technical standards and SNIP stairs must comply with the conditions in which they are installed. On average, the standards for building rules are the same, but they can differ in type of construction. As you know, there are staircases in completely different buildings, in particular, hospitals, restaurants, factories, as well as in shopping centers and similar institutions.

new regulations: ladders

today, there are new rules applicable to portable ladders that SpanishThey are mainly used for construction and finishing works. According to SNiP, the requirements and instills of behavior must be observed unconditionally, so as not to encounter an accident.

Before using a ladder, need the original check mechanisms for faults, as well as to choose the optimal level of the slope in order to reach the desired object

Namely:

1. Never exceed the weightLoad specified by the manufacturer.
2. In operation, the legs must be located in one step, and the body body must be located between the side upper parts of the ladder. Climb and go down need only face to the steps.
3. It is not advisable to use prefabricated structures outdoors in bad weather.
4. Installing a sliding ladder near the opening door or window opening, you must first take care of their safety.
5. When working with ladder ladders, you need to use special shoes, as well as climb one step, stepping first to the bottom, rather than a few, to exclude a sharp pressure drop on the structure.
6. These ladders are to be used exclusively by one person, and the next you can not install the same product is not closer than 1 m.
7. If the staircase is located at an altitude of more than 4 m, then, to avoid slipping and falling down should be the second person toInsurance.

It is undesirable to get to the top edge of the ladder to maintain balance.

SNiP of ladder steps

There is a specific instruction on which the equipment of stairs is made, regardless of where the ladder is installed.

For example, in production, in a public building or in a block of flats.

material for manufacturing ladders should be non-slip or coated on top cloth, preventing slipping

For any assignment construction, the instruction following:

• as coatings for anti-slip may be used mats, non-slip strips, Punching strips along the edges of the steps;
• Regardless of the ladder, whether metal, glass, wood or concrete, they must be equipped according to all standards of SNiP;
• The ladder must be flat;
• If the staircase is to be installed in a general purpose residential building, in particular, if children are walking along it, then it is necessary to equip it with a sub-stepper;
• If the ladder is intended for regular and heavy loads, for example, installed in a children's camp or theater, then the steps should not exceed 15 centimeters in height;

The basic rule for all constructions is that they must be fixed.

Requirements for stairs

In addition to the rules of use, the construction requirements are imposed on the staircases, for which it is necessary to choose a structure for a particular building.

For example by:

• Type;
• View;
• Height;
• Width.

The stairs are divided into types according to their purpose, each of which must have the expert opinion on compliance with the norms of SNiP

The OSH and similar institutions check the ladders for their requirements. It should be noted that when designing architectural objects, much attention is paid to ladders, which, basically, should be an integral part of the structure, not only for normal operation, but also for emergency situations, and they must be smoke-free, which requires a fire safety standardSecurity.

issues their executive authority, which regulates the town-planning activities. The main articles on SNiP 4-14-84, SNiP 21-01-97, SNiP 31-02-2001, GOST 23120-78, GOST 25772-83, which should be guided, even if you want to fill the ramps.

Terms of building codes and regulations for staircases in public buildings

The right ladder in a public building is called suitable for all requirements that are far from easy to observe. When building it, you need to submit the project to a special institution, indicate the appointment and receive an order with a building permit.

If one of the side parts of the ladder is not restricted by a wall, it is necessary to install the handrail

Only in this way it is possible to construct a structure that will not have to be dismantled:

1. The construction should be as safe as possible and convenient. The distance between the steps should not exceed 35 cm.
2. The most dangerous trawls are marching structures. It is forbidden to use in public buildings in spiral staircases, on which the steps are stagnant.
3. Whether industrial staircases or conventional staircases in a residential building, they must be safe not only in appearance, but also have the ability to withstand heavy loads, and they should be equipped with special handrails and fences to improve safety.
4. The railings with a maximum lateral load of less than 100 kg are used as fencing.
5. Arrangement of the handrail must be carried out in accordance with GOST and the norms established in 2001.
6. However, along the wall, handrails must be mounted for ease of movement.
7. If staircases are equipped in kindergartens, schools and similar establishments, it is worthwhile to conduct additional handrails at a lower level, for the convenience of moving children.

If the width of the staircase is more than 2.5 meters, an additional row of handrails should be placed in the middle.

Emergency and standby standards for stairs

Every enterprise, in particular at work, must have a responsible person who will monitor the evacuation ladder and regularly record the emergency room parameters.

The main purpose of the emergency ladder is to enable people to safely and quickly leave the building in case of an emergency

They are subject to certain requirements in the same way as ordinary staircases:

1. Evacuation stairs are notShould be curvilinear, screwed with zaubezhnymi steps, which can be dangerous for people's lives.
2. The above rule applies, both to the basics of fire safety, and to the rules on labor protection.
3. The stairs must be made of fireproof material, and the walls are covered with non-flammable dyes.

Basically, stairs are made of reinforced concrete or metal. The requirements described above are the minimum number of rules, since there are indications of what the parameters of the steps, the size of the site, the gradient and even the lighting level should be.

Nuances of manufacture and rules for using ladders

It is worth noting that the geographic location of the building and the climatic zone determines the choice of the location where the emergency staircase will be installed. If it is a region with a cold climate, it is permissible to install stairs outside the room. However, such stairs should not exceed the level of the second floor, and also it is strictly forbidden to use them for children's institutions.

It is strictly forbidden to use for finishing materials that can release corrosive substances during burning or smoldering, which can be life threatening.

When installing the ladder from the outside, one must constantly monitor the absence of ice and debris on the steps, which canTo become the cause of an emergency situation during evacuation. Demand is mandatory, because in a panic a person does not control his actions and, in particular, can stumble, slip and in every way endanger his life.

Material for such ladders should be wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal, in particular, stainless steel or any other durable metal frame, but covered with an anti-corrosive composition.

If the staircase is located indoors, then it can be made of metal and concrete, but necessarily fire-resistant.

Characteristics and GOST of stairs( video)

It is worth noting the fact that the structures must comply with the standards and GOST standards for the arrangement of stairs, since this not only can cause injuries and other problems, but also lead to severe fines from specialBodies that maintain clear control over compliance with requirements.