Decorating the hall with decorative stone

The interior of the hallway should be given no less attention than other rooms, because this is the first thing that guests see. Very stylish look gives an artificial stone, which is used as the main material or as an additional accent. You can create an original design yourself, because the decoration of the hallway with a decorative stone has a fairly simple technology.

Before you start, you need to choose the right finishing material. Artificial stone is made on the basis of concrete and gypsum with the addition of dyes. Both species have their advantages and disadvantages, so it's better to study their characteristics first.

Concrete stone

The advantages of concrete products include:

• high strength;
• longevity;
• moisture resistance;
• a variety of textures and colors.
  

  Concrete stone

Walls finished with such a stone are easy to clean of any contaminants, and the crushed surface can be quickly restored using paint. If you accidentally hit the finish with something hard, there will be no marks left on it, and cracks will not appear.

Disadvantages:

• heavy weight;
• high price;
• labor input processing.

In order to cut individual fragments when laying, you will need a Bulgarian and a diamond circle, as well as certain efforts.

Gypsum stone

Advantages of gypsum coating:

• easy processing;
• light weight;
• a variety of textures and a rich color palette;
• the low price.
  

  Gypsum stone

This stone is chosen for finishing plasterboard walls, which can not be subjected to heavy loads. If you can not find the right coloring, there are unpainted items on the market that you can paint on your own.

Disadvantages:

• low impact resistance;
• hygroscopicity.
  

  Gypsum stone

In case of contamination, this finish can not be wetted and rub hard so as not to damage the surface. Avoid these damages will help stone treatment with special impregnation or varnish on acrylic basis. Also on sale there is a gypsum stone with a polymer coating - it is slightly more expensive than usual, but absolutely not afraid of moisture.

If you want to make a decorative stone yourself: you will need a plastic or silicone mold, a dry gypsum mixture, pigment pigments. Acquire all this is not a problem, in every construction shop a large selection of mixtures and forms. Independent production of finishing material takes more time, but it saves money for repairs.

Preparation for finishing

First you need to calculate the amount of material. If the stone will cover the entire area of ​​the walls in the hallway, you should subtract the area of ​​the openings and add 10%.If the decor is located around the openings, niches, individual fragments on open walls, draw an approximate sketch of the finish and make measurements of each section. Then add up the area and add 10-15% for pruning. When buying a material, it should be remembered that the amount of an angular stone is considered in running meters, and the correct shape in square meters.

Additionally it will be required:

• hacksaw or Bulgarian( depending on the kind of stone);
  

  Bulgarian

• simple spatula 7-9 cm;
  

  Spatula

• notched trowel 15-17 cm;
  

  Toothed trowel

• level;
  

  Level professional cast Kapro

• long ruler;
• pencil;
• paint brushes;
• varnish;
• file;
• acrylic primer.
  

  Acrylic primer for walls

You can mount an artificial stone on liquid nails, glue on cement or gypsum basis. The consumption of glue is necessarily indicated on the package, so when you purchase it is necessary to know the exact area of ​​the finish and take with a small margin.

If gypsum stone is used, a special chair with high sides will be required for cutting.

When all the necessary items have been purchased, the surface preparation should be done.

Step 1. Dismantling of the

coating. If the stone will cover the entire hallway wall, the old coating will be removed completely to the base. If there are separate areas for decoration, it is necessary to remove the coating very carefully. On the wallpaper, pencil marks the boundaries of the finish and carefully cut with a clerical knife, leaving a reserve for stones 1-2 cm in width. The adhesive from the wallpaper is soaked with water and removed with a spatula, the walls are thoroughly washed. Also remove the paint, if it peeled off or cracked, scrape off the stucco.

Step 2. Aligning the walls

Stone laying should be carried out on a smooth, smooth surface - this will facilitate the work process and increase the strength of the decorative coating. Therefore, all small cracks, gaps, grooves are wiped with putty, and if there are differences of more than 5 mm, the whole area is better plastered. Especially should pay attention to the doorways: around the perimeter of the box can form deep cracks, for sealing which is recommended to use cement mortar.

Step 3. Priming

Dry walls should be lightly sanded to smooth the unevenness of the plastered areas, and then wipe them with a dust cloth. After that, the surface is treated 1-2 times with an acrylic primer. If there are wallpaper on the perimeter of the treated areas, apply the primer so that the edge is 1 cm wide - something that will be hidden under the lining.

Stone laying

Decorative stone has uneven edges and consists of tiles in different sizes. Laying should be done in such a way that the tiles of the same size are necessarily interspersed with larger or smaller fragments, and the seams do not coincide either horizontally or vertically. So the coating will look most natural and attractive. To understand how to better join the stone, you need to lay out the tiles on the floor, selecting the fragments in a certain order.

Step 1. Preparation of

Adhesive In a container of water, add dry glue and stir well. The ratio of water and glue is indicated on the package, so mixing "by eye" is not necessary. Non-compliance with proportions reduces the strength of the connection or increases the consumption of the adhesive. Mix best with a construction mixer, then the mixture does not leave any lumps. The finished glue should be homogeneous and resemble a thick paste in consistency.

Step 2. Laying the first row

Lay out the tiles you need from the corner of the wall, and you can do it both from above and from below. When stacking from the top down, the stone is less dirty with glue, and the coating turns out to be more accurate. If only the area around the opening is lined, start from the corner of the doors. For convenience, the wall can be leveled by horizontal lines every 10-15 cm.

Now you can proceed with laying:

• take the first fragment and apply a layer of adhesive with a notched trowel 5 mm thick;
  

  Application of glue

  

  Application of glue

  

  Application of glue

  

  Working with decorative stone

• applies the tile to the wall and is leveled by marking;
• gently pressed to the surface, the excess adhesive is wiped;
  

  To restore the sawn tile to the lost "characteristic roughness", the cut is machined with

  

  pliers

• stone laying selects a second tile, different in size, covered with glue and fastens closely to the first one.

You can leave seams between 5 and 8 mm between fragments, especially if the stone is large.

After facing the joints fill with putty and expand, making the masonry more attractive. Small tiles can be fastened closely, the main thing is that the joints do not coincide.

Step 3. Facing of corners

For facing of internal and external corners it is possible to purchase special corner tiles, which cost more than usual, but essentially simplify the working process. If the budget is limited, you will have to customize the stone yourself with the help of a grinder or a hacksaw. Here there are 2 options - lay the stone overlapping or grind the edges at an angle of 45 degrees. When using the first option for external corners, the open ends must be processed with a file and tinted, otherwise they will be too prominent. In the inner corners, both ends are closed, so processing is not necessary. The second option is more suitable for gypsum products, which are conveniently cut with a stool.

So, first determine the desired number of fragments, cut them from a certain side, process the file sections. Then spread the stones with glue and alternately fasten to the walls on both sides of the corner, carefully combining the joints. When the vertical of the corner is laid out, you can expand the masonry on the walls.

Step 4. Decorating the edges of the masonry

The edges of the masonry will look more attractive if the tiles are beautifully trimmed. The surface of the decorative stone has a clear texture, which facilitates trimming of the extreme fragments. Saw a hacksaw straight along the contour lines so that the cuts are most natural. All spills must be sanded with sandpaper.

Step 5. Sealing joints

Breeding gypsum putty and gently apply it to the joints, at the corners, along the perimeter of the openings and switches. For convenience, you can use a tight package, for example, from under the milk. One edge of the packet is cut completely, and on the other hand a small incision is made. Fill the package with a putty mix and smooth a thin strip squeeze out onto the seams. If the solution is applied with a spatula, immediately wipe the excess from the surface of the stone to avoid drying out. After filling the joints, the filler is wiped with a damp foam rubber sponge and left to dry.

Step 6. Finishing the

The dry putty has a white color, so the treated areas will stand out against the background of the stone. To get rid of light spots, paint will help: in a small container pigment is made into the color of the main coating and stain the patched areas with a small brush. When the paint dries, the stone is covered with acrylic lacquer. In places where the walls are constantly affected, varnish should be applied in 2-3 layers.

will help. To make the coating more voluminous, it is possible to distinguish the edges of the masonry with a golden or bronze dye. There is another option: an artificial stone under an oblique angle is sprayed with the same color, but more saturated in tone. In addition, you can use lighting: directed from above or from the light makes the masonry much more textured and clearer.

Calculation of decorative stone	Formulas	Explanations
Calculate the surface area for facing with artificial stone	S( wall) = AXB	A - wall length, B - wall height
Calculate the surface area that will be occupied by the corner elements of the decorative stone	S(angles) = Lx0.2	L - angle length( running meters), 0,2 - coefficient
Find the total area occupied by all the angular elements	S( angles total) = S( angle1) + S( angle 2)	-
Calculate the area of ​​window and dooropenings	S = AXB	A - window / door width, B - window / door height
Calculate the surface area for facing decorative stone, taking into account the area occupied by the corner elements, window and door openings	S( stone) =S( walls) - S( corners) - S( windows / doors)	Increase the area obtained by 10%
How to calculate the required number of corner elements of the stone.	Measure and add the height of the corners to be trimmed with a decorative stone. L( common angles) = L( angle 1) + L( angle 2), etc. Obtained length increase by 10%	L - length of angles( running meters)

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