Pile-band foundation by own hands

1. Site preparation is reduced to debris removal, leveling and marking. Shallow trench under a tape of the base, to half a meter. The bottom of the trench is poured with sand or gravel, which provides drainage of water from the foundation and reduces the punching of adjacent soil layers. In corners, at the intersection of load-bearing structures, as well as along the perimeter of the walls, about 2 meters of drill are drilled under piles. The depth of the wells is 0.3-0.5 m larger than the depth of freezing of the soil. The diameter of the wells is chosen so that the piles freely enter the well.
   

   Hole digging under piles

2. In the wells, river sand is poured, forming a pillow 15-20 cm thick. The sand is spilled with water and rammed. After installing asbestos-cement or metal pipes, pour 30-40 cm of concrete and raise them by 20 cm. Concrete, emerging into the space under the pile, forms an extension, the so-called sole. It provides stronger adhesion of piles to hard layers of soil. While the concrete does not grasp, align the vertical position of the supports by level. After the concrete has solidified, a reinforcing cage is inserted inside the pipe, made of several metal bars connected by a wire and forming a grid. The height of the reinforcement should be such that it is exposed from the pipe and reaches almost to the top of the foundation ribbon.
   

   Process of installation of asbestos-concrete pipes and reinforcement of the frame

3. Above the ground surface, wooden formwork of the required height is made. Collect the formwork with the help of nails or screws, in the corners reinforced with bars. All protruding structures are located on the outside of the formwork. The walls are strengthened with struts and screeds. Inside the formwork lay the reinforcement: a bar with a diameter of 8-16 cm, depending on the design load, is laid in all three directions, forming a three-dimensional grid. At the intersections, the rods are tied with wire using a hook for binding the reinforcement. It is necessary to connect the reinforcement of piles and foundation tapes - this connection ensures the strength of the structure.
   

   The process of creating wooden formwork

4. Fill with concrete first the piles, and then the entire foundation tape. It is necessary to remove the remains of air from the structure with a deep vibrator or a conventional reinforcing bar, piercing the thickness of the solution in several places on each section of the basement. The basement mirror is leveled, smoothed out by the rule and isolated from the atmospheric precipitation by the covering material or polyethylene film. In the process of drying the foundation, check its moisture and do not allow drying, for this in too hot weather it should be slightly moistened.
   

   Pouring( concreting) of pile-and-tape foundation

5. After hardening of concrete and recruitment of necessary strength it is possible to start waterproofing and warming the foundation. Concrete is a hygroscopic and heat-conducting material. The wet concrete will crack during freezing, which leads to the destruction of the foundation. Therefore, it is recommended to perform its waterproofing immediately after the erection of the foundation. Usually, bitumen or polymeric mastics or roll materials are used for this purpose: ruberoid or self-adhesive membrane films. The surface of concrete before waterproofing must be primed with a special solution, as well as an antiseptic. After the primer has dried, the walls are covered with waterproofing.
   

   Foundation waterproofing process

6. Warming the foundation of the house is an important step towards creating a warm and stable microclimate. Using modern materials and techniques will raise the temperature in the semi-basement to plus values ​​even in the midst of frost. The most popular methods of thermal insulation are insulation with the help of polystyrene or polyurethane foam. Polystyrene - a new modification of all known foam, resistant to mechanical stress and providing good thermal insulation. Plates are glued to a special glue, and after drying it is additionally fixed with dowels.
   

   Foundation warming

7. Polyurethane foam is a spray coating, similar in principle to the action of mounting foam, but its thermal insulation characteristics are much higher. To apply it, you need a special installation.
   

   Foundation insulation with polyurethane foam

8. The pile-and-tape foundation is an excellent solution for erecting an inexpensive and reliable base for a house, with its proper erection, the service life is more than one hundred years.

The pile-and-tape foundation is a kind of monolithic foundation for soft and weak soils. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that the walls of the building are supported by a continuous, shallow, ribbon foundation around the perimeter, and strong adhesion to the hard layers of the ground is provided by piles buried below the depth of freezing. This design allows, on the one hand, to reduce the cost of construction, and on the other - to ensure the strength and high load characteristics of the building.

Advantages of the pile-and-tape foundation

• Low price;
• Running quickly, you can make a pile-tape foundation yourself without using special equipment;
• Can be installed on sites with any terrain;
• Excellent against the whipping and seasonal movements of the soil.

Among the shortcomings can be noted the impossibility of a full-fledged basement.

Construction and scope of application of pile and tape foundations

The pile-and-tape foundation conveys the load of the building to the ground with two structural parts: a foundation tape installed along the perimeter of the building and under load-bearing partitions and piles that ensure the foundation strength during seasonal soil movements. Piles and foundation tape reinforced reinforcement. Piles can be made as a bored way, and with the help of asbestos-cement pipes, filled with concrete. Recently, metal screw piles having a blade at the lower end have become very popular. The foundation tape is made using concrete pouring.

Pile-tape foundations are used for private low-rise construction of houses, cottages, other buildings with a semi-basement premise. They can be installed on soils prone to whipping, as well as in areas with a large difference in altitude. Such a foundation is much cheaper and is faster than recessed.

Implementation technology