Stove fireplace with own hands

Fireplace stoves have not ceased to be popular for many decades. Despite the fact that the is selling quite compact cast iron stoves or room fireplaces, almost every home owner dreams of having a real brick building.

The oven fireplace with your own hands can be combined only if you carefully study the masonry technology and the specific design features of the selected model.

However, it should be noted that the fireplace itself is not very functional and they can not be heated by several rooms, so practical owners of private houses refuse to erect it in favor of the stove. With the help of , can organize quality heating, cook food, warm water and dry things, so often gives a preference.

Masters for the laying of ovens, in front of which there was a similar question, developed combined multifunctional models that included in their design both a fireplace and a stove.

There are a lot of such combined options, but not all of them

will suit for a particular house, given its area and the location of the future heating plant. There are designs for compact fireplace stoves designed for small houses, but there are also those that include in their design not only the functions described above, but still and a heated stove. Therefore, it is worth considering several types of furnaces, the satisfying the different needs of the tenants at home.

Types of fireplace stoves

Massive construction of this variant furnace suitable not for every home. For example, for a small country cottage, it will be large, since will take most of the premises. But it is good is suitable for a large area, which combines a living room and kitchen. In the this case, the oven and fireplace can be heated separately. In a large room you can create an atmosphere for relaxation by placing two armchairs close to the fireplace, and in the daytime to heat not the fireplace part, but only the stove, cooking dinner on it or warming up the water. In addition, when the oven cools down, a plate having the size of a couch can be used to treat a sick back or to simply rest on the warm basis. In the summer, if the oven is not used for cooking, the surface of the hob can be adapted to the cutting table.

A large oven holds well the heat in the house in cold weather. So, having drilled its in the evening, it is possible not to worry until the morning - the heat will long enter the house from the heated walls of the structure.

If it is possible to build such oven in the house, then it should be used. It will not only help owners in difficult situations, and no one will remember that it takes up a lot of space.

Such oven-fireplace can be installed in a small house, and it will heat up two rooms at once. Although the oven and fireplace are connected to a common structure, they can be heated by individually , that is, if the room is warm enough, then it is possible to light only the fireplace to create a cozy atmosphere. In the event that you need to quickly heat up two rooms in the house, both parts of the structure are flooded.

The fireplace in this case will help to warm up at an open fire, and a closed furnace furnace will work on the rear wall grate, which leaves to the next room.

The drawback of this model is that it lacks a cooking plate that could help out in any situation, for example, if an electric stove is used for cooking or heating water, and for some reason the electricity is turned off.

Another version of the oven, which is located in a large room. It is just like the first model, compact enough, and its can be placed so that its wall would go into the next room.

Despite the compactness of the oven, it contains all the necessary comfort for the in the house function - is a cooking hob and oven for cooking, a fireplace with elegant glass doors to create a cozy atmosphere and spend pleasant evenings.

On the mantelpiece you can place elements that will decorate the interior of the room. In addition, such a place can be used for drying medicinal herbs or sliced ​​vegetables and fruits.

Almost square shape of the fireplace-fireplace will suit for any small or large room. It is neat and compact, and if you carefully think over the place of the its installation, then it can safely heat up two rooms. But in this version, again, no hob is provided, so the design can only serve to heat, create a pleasant atmosphere and as a decorative attribute of the interior.

This fireplace-oven can become the pride of any home owner, especially if it is folded by hand. Its can be placed so that it becomes a heater and decoration of two rooms. The fireplace in this case is best to turn towards the living room or bedroom, and leave the stove and the stove in the kitchen room. In this version, under the fireplace there is a niche for drying firewood, which will spread the aroma of wood and create a favorable microclimate in the room.

Furnace construction process

After reviewing the presented models, it can be concluded that the fireplaces can be installed in the middle of the room, near one of the walls or between two rooms. How this building will be located in a particular case depends on the layout of the house and the decision of its owners.

Installation site selection and necessary measures safety

If the oven-fireplace is to be installed near the wooden house wall, its must be separated from the combustible surface by the - heat-resistant gasket. This can be an asbestos board and brickwork,ceramic tiles or a combined version consisting of several materials.

The building, installed in the middle of the room, has its advantages, and one of them - is the division of the room into zones that can be decorated accordingly. Side with a fireplace fireplace usually rotated in the living room or sleeping area, and the hob in the side of the kitchen. If it is decided to divide the zones not only by the structure of the furnace, but also by partitions, then it is also necessary to build a heat-resistant material between their walls and the furnace. It is best in this case to use asbestos strips installed in several layers of the .When passes the chimney pipes through ceilings without heat-resistant materials laid around the by it , also is indispensable.

Having chosen the favorite design of the stove-fireplace, it is necessary " to try " its on the intended installation site. This is done by measuring and marking the floors, walls, ceiling. In addition to the general appearance and dimensions of the structure, it is necessary to have a design masonry scheme - so-called "order" .Of course, in advance it is necessary to stock up with all the necessary materials, as well as with tools for erecting the fireplace-furnace structure. To ensure that this structure has served for a long time without any repairs, it is recommended to purchase the highest quality building materials, and means , it is not worth saving on them.

Required building materials and tools

For work you will need tools that are not always found in the arsenal of the owner of the house, who was going to build the oven himself for the first time, but without them they can not do without them. The tools for work include:

furnace 1. hammer with burr

2. broom from basted

3. corner

4. plumb bob

5. stove hammer

6. pliers

7rubber hammer

8. chisel

9. trowel or trowels of different size and form

10.

11. cycle rule

12. aspicle ( metal pipe cut)

13. wooden blade

14. scribe

15.stritelny level

16. rasp

17. Fancy

In addition, a screen will need to wipe the solution, as it should be thin. Still it is necessary to make tragus - them should be two pieces. Goat called a kind of ladder, which can serve separately or as a pair, as a stand under the flooring of the boards. On such a device it is convenient to stand while working at a height and put tank with a solution and prepared bricks next to the .

The number of building materials is calculated depending on the chosen model of the stove-fireplace, but their list is unchanged. So, you will need to purchase:

• Brick fireproof red. If its number is not specified, then you can count it on on ordinary scheme.
• Bricks heat-resistant silicate white - it is used for stacking around a firebox.
• Special dry mortar for masonry of stoves and stoves, which is sold in specialized stores, or traditional materials - sand, clay, crushed stone and cement .
• Steel plate, thickness 2 - 3 mm, corner 30 × 30 or 50 × 50 mm, steel wire, diameter 3 ÷ 4 mm - it is necessary for fixing cast iron parts.
• Accessories from cast iron - doors for an ashtray, cleaning windows and firebox, cooker, grate.
• Heat-resistant materials - asbestos, plasterboard, basalt or others, for gaskets between walls of the furnace and flammable surfaces of the building.
• Waterproof material - roofing material .
• Boards for foundation formwork.
• If provided in the design, you need to purchase or fabricate a metal tank certain dimensions for heating water, as well as a box for firebox and doors with heat-resistant glass.

Preparation of a place and foundation pouring

It is best to arrange a foundation for an oven-fireplace along with the foundation of the house. However, if this was not thought out and the decision to erect the building was taken after the flooring, then will have to mark the size of the base of the structure on the floor and saw out a part of the boards. The size of the opening in the floor should be 150 ÷ ​​200 mm larger than the size of the foundation to be installed.

If a strip foundation was made for the house, then for a massive construction of the furnace it will be necessary to make a continuous variant.

• In the ground under the floor, a foundation pit is marked and digged, with a depth of 500 - 600 mm. The bottom of the dug pit is waterproofed with a punched 10- ti with a centimeter layer of sand and is strengthened with gravel , which is poured with a layer of the same thickness and is also tamped.
• Then, starting from the bottom of the pit, from the prepared boards knock down the formwork, into which the cement solution will be poured.
• Since the foundation is arranged deep enough, the solution is poured into two or three stages. The first layer can be laid from a coarse mortar made of cement, of gravel and sand.
• After he grabs, a solution of cement and sand of standard proportions is poured - 1: 3.
• The top of the foundation is leveled and left to harden, this process will take a lot of time, about 3 - 4 weeks - the time depends on the thickness of layers solution.

After the foundation is ready, it is covered with ruberoid, cut exactly in size and shape of the base. The first row of the fireplace-stove will be laid on the roofing material.

Preliminary "dry" masonry

Even experienced masters for warm-up and evaluation of possible difficulties first lay out each of the rows dry. This is done to accurately determine the number and size of bricks in each row and their layout. Do not forget to measure the distance between the bricks of a prefabricated rack with a thickness of 5 mm - this pro- ssp lead to ensure that all the seams were the same size.

After laying dry, you can put a brick on the mortar. If a clay-based solution is used, it is mixed in advance, and special grades of material are used for it. But recently, very few people use this old traditional way of cooking, as on sale appeared refractory dry mixes, which are intended for laying stoves and fireplaces.

Layout Layout

Diagrams should clearly show the to the stack of bricks, and the movement of hot air through the ducts inside the structure. Such a scheme will help to understand and understand what holes and where should be, so that a normal draft is created. Correctly executed design will allow the stove-fireplace to stay hot for a long time and sufficiently to remove combustion products, without creating an atmosphere that is dangerous for people's health in the house of .

The presented schemes - is one of the variants of a fireplace oven, but they can differ depending on the chosen design, therefore , having chosen a model of a structure, it is necessary to find a scheme for it. It greatly will ease the and speed up the work.

These diagrams show the furnace-fireplace in the section. They clearly show the location of the firebox and the burning of fire in them, as well as the flow of the heated air. On them it is possible to determine which places of the furnace will be heated most intensively.

In the second scheme it is possible to chorus

. Osho consider the furnace furnace in a section from two sides, so to speak, "in profile and in the front", and arrows indicate the removal of smoke from the furnace and its direction to the chimney.

In the third scheme, you can also see a furnace, but not the stove, but the fireplace, and the movement of heated air from the to it through the air ducts.

In addition, the figures show the number of rows, and it is clearly visible on which of them the cast-iron elements of the structure should be located. When laying, it is necessary to use and match the scheme of the furnace section and the ordering of the masonry.

The orderly diagrams will tell the master what each of the rows looks like, and on which of them the grate,doors for firebox and for cleaning. It is impossible to retreat from the order, since even half of the brick placed in the wrong place can ruin the whole work, and then the will have to dismantle the entire .Therefore, then put the oven first dry, to have the opportunity to understand and adjust the bricks to the desired size.

Video: Dutch oven masonry scheme with a glass fireplace door

Construction of a fireplace oven

The work should be done slowly, pondering each step. During the laying out of the row, it will sometimes take half or even a third of the brick. The right part is separated from the solid with the help of a kirochka or grinders - "Bulgarians" with an established circle around the stone. If the brick splits the with the pick, then the first hit is not strong - , it seems to indicate which part of the brick should be separated, and the second blow directly its separates.

Mortar must have a consistency of thick sour cream. If there are small pebbles in the it , then it must necessarily be wiped through a sieve, otherwise they will interfere with laying bricks at the desired level.

The mortar is applied to a brick approximately 6 ÷ 7 mm thick. Then the brick is laid on the lower row, leveled and pressed. If necessary, it is pummeled with a rubber mallet.

If the solution has come out at the edges, then it is selected by the trowel. After adding 5 - 7 rows, while the solution is still wet, draw the joints so that they look neat. The solution is tried to remove the bricks immediately from the front surface, otherwise it will be difficult to wipe it off.

From the first to the twentieth row, the brickwork is made with a silicate white brick, and from the twenty-first, it gradually turns into red refractory brick.

• The first row should be displayed perfectly smoothly, since it sets the direction to the walls of the entire building. For the accuracy of the masonry on the roofing material, the edges of the foundation of the future building are first delineated by chalk. On this marking, the first row is completely dry, and then the solution is laid.
• From the second row, air channels, a fireplace fireplace and an air chamber are already beginning to emerge.
• On the third row the ash-ash pan door is installed. Its is temporarily propped with bricks on both sides and fixed with wire, which is passed through special ears from the back side of the door and embedded in the masonry walls of the ash-pit.

• cast iron doors are installed. On the , the fourth series, in the place where the furnace is indicated, two metal strips are laid at such a distance that they can be laid with bricks. You can lay a steel sheet instead of strips, will be easier for to lay it. Around the puddle, the walls rise up according to the scheme.

• On the fifth row, the grate is placed above the ash pan, the rest of the bricks are placed according to the scheme.
• On the sixth row, the furnace door is installed. It is fastened the same way as the blower.
• From the seventh to the tenth row of the masonry, goes according to the scheme without additional elements.

• is prepared on top of the furnace furnace. The eleventh row is laid with a cast-iron cooker. The remaining bricks of the row are laid as shown in the figure.
• On the thirteenth row, the base is made to block the furnace from the metal strip. From it in the process of laying the next series will form a chimney from the fireplace.
• On the nineteenth row, the chamber is overlapped over the hob by means of a strip of metal strips, , for which the bricks are laid on the by the twentieth row.
• From the twenty-first row, a red brick is added to the brickwork.
• Next, up to 24 rows, the 's work goes according to the scheme, without installing cast-iron and metal elements.

• valve. On the 25th row, the first cast-iron valve is installed, which will regulate the smoke output and help maintain heat.
• C 26 to 53 row lay according to the scheme, and with 54 rows begin to spread chimney pipe.
• On the 65th row, valves are installed, which completely cover the chimney channels. Usually they are blocked for the summer period, so that the stove does not get dirt and moisture, which will destroy the clutch from the inside.
• Next, a hole is cut through the ceiling overlay, through which the is pushed out into the attic.
• Around the pipe, the - heat-resistant material is laid, it will protect the combustible materials of the overlap from overheating. The thickness of this gasket on all sides should be not less than 100 mm - it can be asbestos slabs laid in several layers or small expanded clay littered in a box arranged around the pipe structure.
• In the attic room, the pipe is laid according to the 65 series scheme and is output through the roof.
• There around the brick pipe is arranged reliable waterproofing - it should not allow deposits to get into the gap between the pipe and the roofing material.
• On top of the pipe hole is put on the metal umbrella , which will become protection against moisture and dirt, which can clog chimney channels.

Video: an interesting version of the multifunctional fireplace oven

Drying the finished stove - fireplace

When the masonry work on the stove-furnace is completed, you can not immediately flush its intensively, as it should dry well. Process with with ears is from 9 to 14 days, depending on the massiveness and height of the structure. At this time, all the latches and doors must be open. Such drying is called natural, but you can speed up its process if you install fan heater or a lighting lamp in 250 - 300 W in the furnace .This not massively warmed up will be a good preparation for the active warming up and the furnace.

To start heating the stove-fireplace, you need to gradually, with a moderate amount of firewood - this process ss pr run two - three ra for day, within one or two weeks. Whether the oven is dried, it will be possible to find out by paying attention to the doors. If they do not have any perspiration after heating, ie .drops of condensate, it means that the structure is dry and it can be heated intensively.

If there is a violation of the technology of masonry and mixing of the solution at the first heating in the seams between the bricks, cracks may appear. Do not close them immediately - repair can be carried out through two or three months of the active furnace furnace. During this period, it is necessary to closely monitor the behavior of the materials and then , so that no cracks are formed through which carbon monoxide can enter the room.

The advantage of the fireplace-stove option is unconditional, as it solves many of the problems that arise before the tenants of private houses. Even besides that in the house there is gas or electric heating, the traditional stove with a fireplace will never be superfluous. When choosing a model of a heating structure for a house, you need to calculate the pros and cons of each of them and choose the one that will be optimal for a particular building.