Robinson oven with own hands

For lovers of country trips, inveterate fishermen and summer residents, the mobile stove of compact dimensions, easily placed in the trunk of the car, will be indispensable. Quite recently, small dismountable furnaces appeared on the market, having a rather eloquent name "Robinson".It is quite possible to make a robinzone oven with one's own hands, especially since in this case it will cost even much less than the finished version. The advantage of self-manufacturing of this device lies in the possibility of modernization, which will expand its capabilities.

It should be noted that based on this simple design, stationary furnaces for home and garden can be manufactured, so it can be called universal. If the goal is to produce a mobile oven of the Robinson type, then it is worthwhile to consider what configurations it can have, and only then decide on the choice of the model.

Design and operating principle of the

The Robinson furnace has a so-called rocket construction, and based on it, many models were created, differing in size and even functionality.

Conventional rocket ovens consist of a firebox connected to a flue pipe. The fuel tank can be arranged horizontally, vertically or at an angle, connect directly to the chimney, or have a horizontal pipe section between these two elements that extends the path of heated air and creates an additional heated surface.

This diagram shows different options for the location of the rocket furnace furnace:

1 - The vertical furnace is connected to the chimney by a piece of pipe that extends the hot air path from the furnace to the outlet. The connecting section can be used as a hob.

2 - Vertical furnace, located next to the pipe, allows you to quickly heat up the entire structure.

3 - The furnace, fixed to the pipe at an angle, makes it more convenient to lay the fuel.

4 - Two vertical fireboxes located on the sides of a pipe having a larger size in cross section. Such a design will help to warm up the container with the contents, mounted on top of a special stand, much quicker.

All rocket ovens have approximately the same principle of operation. It consists in the fact that during the primary combustion of fuel in a bunker, the resulting gases with significant energy potential are burned in the vertical section of the pipe. For this purpose, a special secondary air channel is made, which provides its supply, a kind of "suction", directly to the base of the vertical pipe. That is, the rocket furnace in this plan in a certain way resembles the operation of a pyrolysis power plant. As a result, at the exit from the oven, at the top of it, the maximum temperature is reached, which can be used for heating water or cooking food.

A fixed or removable nozzle is mounted on top of the tube in the simplest configuration of the furnace - to install a container with water or other utensils.

A great advantage of a rocket furnace can be called its economy, because to achieve the required result does not require a large amount of fuel. In order for it to function qualitatively, a handful of dry chips or even dry grass is often enough.

Video: Demonstration of the capabilities of the "Robinzon" field rocket furnace

• The same principle is followed by a rocket furnace, installed for heating the premises. This design is known from ancient times, and was traditional for the homes of many Eastern peoples.

With the help of these stoves, not only the room was heated - their warm stove was used as heated beds.

By the way, in our time this design is also not in a hurry to give up and use it for heating in private houses. In this furnace model, the chimney section of the chimney is considerably elongated and extends under the entire stove, which passes the heat of the combustion products. It turns out a kind of a large "battery" of heating, capable of heating a fairly large area.

• Another version of a rocket furnace can be a small brick structure, folded in a summer cottage or in a garden area. And, if it is laid out in the courtyard, as a temporary option, the bricks do not even need to be cemented with mortar. The main thing is to observe the location of all its elements.

A similar furnace model is often offered in presentations of survival communities that are quite common, for example, in North America. Such an oven can be made in any created conditions. In extreme cases, ordinary stones found nearby are suitable for its arrangement, and large gaps between them can be sealed with ordinary earth.

• More complicated, but functional design based on the same principle of operation is a rocket stove that will become an indispensable assistant in the country or in a private home during the summer. The large surface of the cooker will allow you to cook several dishes at the same time or to heat the water, and also save on electricity or other fuel, since the furnace justifies its purpose, it does not even require a lot of firewood.

hob The hollow inside panel of the slab passes through all its space hot gases that can heat it up to very high temperatures. Then, the combustion products are diverted to the chimney, located on the opposite side of the combustion chamber.

• But such a portable version of the stove has a small size, as it is made from a conventional galvanized bucket, which is usually covered with a heat resistant paint.

Inside the bucket is installed a structure of two pipes welded together and performing the functions of the furnace and chimney. The interior of the bucket, between its walls and pipes, is filled with sand( in marching conditions), or with fine-grained expanded clay. This kind of "lining" will ensure the heating of the vertical pipe in order to actively burn pyrolysis gases in it. Thanks to this "layer" it will take much less fuel to cook food or to warm the water.

It is very important to calculate the correct clearance, which must be formed between the stand under the container( in this case made in the form of a grate) and a pipe. Too large or small clearance, or reduce the heat transfer of the stove, or interfere with the normal process of combustion of gases.

• Similarly, you can do it in case if you need a device for the rapid heating of a small amount of water, for example, for brewing tea in extreme or marching conditions. To do this, you can build a small stove from an ordinary metal can. In order to use it to boil water or at least a little warm, it will take only a handful of chips or even dried grass.

The presented photo clearly shows that it is not difficult to make such a design. It is enough to have at hand two large metal cans, one of which will go for the manufacture of two tubes - vertical and horizontal, and the second will serve as an outer shell-shell.

. The stand for the water tank can easily be made from the bottom or can lid, cutting out the middle, then making cuts from the inside of the resulting circle, and bending them downwards in the form of legs. This stand is perfectly installed on the edges of the can. The stand can also be made of steel wire, gently bending several pieces and attaching them together.

"Robinson" stove-type furnaces

Today, various walking rocket type compact stoves with different names, including Robinson, are on sale. However, an experienced master, having looked at the device of such a device, will immediately understand his design and will be able to draw a drawing, according to which it will be easy to produce.

It is understood that the manufacture of such furnaces will be available only to those home masters who have the skills of locksmith and welding work and have at their disposal advisory equipment and tools.

Every good host at home should be familiar with welding technology!

In everyday life of a private home, very often there are situations when it is very difficult to do without welding. It's not enough to have an apparatus - you need to have certain skills. We hope that a special article of our portal dedicated to the basics of work with electric welding , will become a good self-instruction manual for beginners.

It is necessary to know that all the stoves operating according to the principle described above have common parameters that must be taken into account when drawing up the drawing scheme, otherwise there may be malfunctions in the functioning of the structure. The following features can be attributed to such characteristics:

• The vertical pipe must have a height at least twice as large as the length of the hopper.
• The height of the fuel silo installed vertically should be approximately equal to the length of the horizontal connecting section of the furnace and the width of the combustion hole.
• The best location of the combustion department will be to install it at an angle of 45 degrees, since it optimally houses the bloom, and it is convenient to lay fuel in it.
• It is recommended that the cross-section of the inlet of the fuel silo be approximately equal to that of the vertical pipe.

The first version of the stove oven

This model of the stove is simple in design and manufacture and very compact in size. It will not require a large amount of materials, and it can be done in just a few hours.

The furnace has one important design feature: its lower part, acting as the bottom of the fuel chamber( grate) is movable, so it can be pushed out, put the right amount of firewood on it and push it into the hopper. If the chips are long, the extended grille can be used as a stand for laying them. In addition, the retractable grille greatly facilitates the periodic cleaning of the furnace.

This model requires:

Description of materials	Dimensions	Quantity
Square tube	150 × 150 × 3, 450 mm	1 pc.
150 × 150 × 3, 300 mm	1 pc.
Steel strip	300 × 50 × 3 mm	4 pcs.
140 × 50 × 3 mm	2 pcs.
Metal grating	300 × 140 mm	1 pc.
or steel rod for its manufacture	Ø 3 ÷ 5 mm	2,5 m

The work is carried out in stages and includes the following operations:

• On the blanks of the square pipes, marking is made, since one edge must be cut at an angle of 45 degrees. Then the "Bulgarian" cuts are made.
• The next step of the pipe must be carefully welded together to get a kind of "boot".
• At the top of the vertical pipe, at the corners or in the middle of each side, cuts of 20 mm in depth and 3.5 mm in width must be made. They will install a stand for containers.
• Next, the stand itself is made. For this purpose, one of the 300 mm long strips is cut in half. On the second strip, you need to outline the middle and weld to it from two sides the prepared lengths to form the shape of the cross.
• Of the two remaining strips and short lengths of 140 mm, the drawer frame is welded. Here it is necessary to sample and take into account the fact that long strips should be welded not to the sides of short strips, but overlapped with them.
• On top of the finished frame, spot welds pick up the finished grid or cut lengthwise steel wire rods with a distance of 10 mm from each other, they will act as a grate.
• Then, on top of the pipe, a stand for the container is installed, and the grid is pushed into the hopper. Now you can test the finished furnace.
• If the test measures were successful, then after the metal has cooled down, the oven can be painted with heat-resistant paint.
• Although this design does not provide, but is still recommended for the sliding frame, an additional weld on the handle, which will help to regulate its location more comfortably.

The second version of the stove - "Antoshka"

This oven is a little more difficult to manufacture, since it has more elements. However, the work is still entirely feasible if we prepare everything necessary for this.

The convenience of this design is that it provides an additional heated plane. For example, on a stand located on a vertical pipe, you can install a cooking container, and an additional plane, fixed above the hopper, at the same time used to heat water.

This model requires the following blanks:

Designation of materials	Dimensions	Quantity
Square tube for the production of a hopper	150 × 150 × 3 mm, length 450 mm	1 pc.
Square tube for the manufacture of the lower blower chamber	150 × 150 × 3 mm, length 180 mm	1 pc.
Square pipe for vertical furnace section	100 × 100 × 3 mm, length 650 mm	1 pc.
Metal plate for the panel above the furnace	300 × 150 × 3 mm	1 pc.
Metal plate for closing the back of the combustion chamber tube	150 × 150 × 3 mm	1 pc.
Metal corner for stand	50 × 50 × 3, length 300 mm	1 pc.
50 × 50 × 3, length 450 mm	1 pc.
Armature or rod for stand-angles	Ø 8 mm, length 300 mm	4 pcs.
Armature or rod for the grate	Ø 8 mm, length 170 mm	8 ÷ 9 pcs.
Triangular metal kerchiefs for installing the hob	Steel 3 mm. Dimensions are adjusted exactly after assembling the stove.	2 pcs.

Next, some elements need a little work.

• A vertical pipe is marked, since its lower part should be cut at an angle of 30 degrees. A mark is made on the marking.
• Then the pipe intended for the furnace is taken, and in the rear upper plane it is marked and cut out a hole size of 120 × 100 mm. On the underside of the furnace, a hole is also cut out, but already 150 × 150 mm in size - to connect this part of the furnace with the blowing chamber.
• The next step is to weld the back of the furnace hopper to the plate prepared for this, and then to the bottom hole from outside the welded pieces of metal rods at a distance of 10 ÷ 12 mm from each other - this will be the grate of the furnace.
• Next, you need to make an air chamber. To do this, take a piece of a square pipe with a size of 180 mm, and on it a slice is cut at an angle of 30 degrees so that the size of the podduvala is 100 × 180 mm. The part should have a bottom and side walls, and the upper part it will be welded under the grate of the furnace hopper on three sides.
• Now, for a comfortable carrying out of further work, the stove needs to be placed on stands that are made of metal corners, welded to the back of the combustion chamber and anteroom.
• The next step is to proceed to work on the top of the furnace. The vertical furnace tube is welded to the top opening of the furnace. After that, the top panel is tried and the angles of the triangles are determined. Their configuration is drawn on paper, and then transferred to a metal sheet and cut out.
• Triangles are mounted on the edge and welded to the vertical pipe and the "roof" of the brewhouse. Triangular elements together with the upper plate create a hermetic space above the furnace hopper, due to which the metal panel will remain hot for a longer time.
• Then, to the front upper edge of the furnace hole, installed triangle-stands and a vertical pipe, a 300 × 150 × 3 mm plate is used and welded.
• Having finished with this part of the oven, it will only be necessary to weld the corners to the upper part of the vertical pipe, which serve as a support for the tanks. Prepared reinforcing bars with a length of 300 mm must be bent at a right angle so that they have the same sides. Corners need to be welded to the four sides of the pipe, lifting them to the same height, so that their upper edge is located above the plane of the vial of the vertical pipe at a height of approximately 30-50 mm.
• After this, it is possible to test the design, and then paint with heat-resistant paint.

"Robinson" oven

Further, two variants of the "Robinson" furnace - factory-made and homemade - will be considered.

The device purchased in the store does not have a door that allows to regulate the intensity of primary combustion in the furnace, and some house masters repeat the factory model of "Robinson".

Other craftsmen who make the oven for themselves have tried to improve the design, making it more efficient, so special attention should be paid to this modernization.

Variant copied from the industrial design

firing unit If it is chosen for the self-manufacturing of the factory version of the furnace, it is easy to understand its elements according to the drawing, especially since the parts will need very little:

- Metal box of the hopper, made of steel sheet of 3 mm. The total size of the hopper is 150 × 100 × 300 mm. It is assembled of five plates of 2 pcs.300 × 150 mm;2 pcs.100 × 300 mm and 1 pc.100 × 150 mm.

- Metal plate 150 × 200 × 3 mm for separating the air duct from the combustion chamber.

- A metal pipe with a diameter of 100 mm, and a height of 600 mm.

- Valve pieces with a diameter of 7 ÷ 8 mm and a length of 120 mm - for the manufacture of grate.

- Three rings with a height of 25 ÷ 30 mm, cut from a pipe of the same diameter as the vertical riser -100 mm, and one ring with a diameter of 110 mm;

- three nuts d13, which are welded to the bottom of the hopper and are designed to screw the legs;

- three identical pieces of steel rod with threaded threads, or finished studs( long bolts) with M8 threads.

Here it should also be clarified that the upper stand can have a different configuration, since it does not play a particular role in the effectiveness of the device. The main thing is that this element does not have a continuous upper plane and is not closely located to the mouth of the pipe, otherwise the furnace will not have the proper thrust, and the fuel will not burn with the required intensity.

To make a stand of this shape, you need three rings, prepared from the pipe, cut in half, and then weld them to a metal rod.

The work on making such a model of the furnace is a bit complicated by the fact that two different shaped elements are used: a rectangular box and a round tube. The assembly is carried out as follows:

• First you need to prepare a plate that separates the furnace from the sump. For this, pieces of reinforcement are welded onto the plate, at a distance of about 10 mm from each other - this will result in a grate.
• Then the finished plate with the grate should be welded to the side and back walls of the furnace. It is welded, retreating from the lower edge of 30 ÷ 35 mm. The plate must be installed exactly horizontally.
• Next, the corner joints of the back and side walls of the chamber are welded.
• The next stage to the box is welded the bottom part, and to it - three nuts for screwing the legs.
• Further, by welding, the "roof" of the combustion chamber is fixed.
• Then, the pipe is marked, since it must be cut at an angle of 30 degrees. After the cut, an oval is obtained in the cross-section instead of a circle.
• Pipe should be attached by this oval to the middle of the surface of the "roof", welded box, in the lowest part of it and circled with a marker. On this line in the plate it is necessary to cut out the hole, since a vertical pipe must be welded into it. Cut this shape can also be using a welding machine on a large current, or a device for cutting metal.
• The tube is then welded into the hole. It is put on the stand for the installation of the container. The legs are screwed onto the structure, and the test is carried out, and then, if desired, also staining.

Advanced version of the Robinson furnace

This version of the furnace repeats the previous design, but differs in that the master installed a door on the furnace opening. In this case, the door swings upward. But, I must say that this way of opening is also not very convenient, because with such a bolt it is impossible to precisely regulate the thrust - in principle it has only two positions. The optimum option is a flap moving up-down or left-right, which is installed in welded on the walls of the corners, size 10 × 10 or 15 × 15 mm.

In addition to this difference from the previous version of the furnace, there are several others:

• For the production of the furnace, 5 mm thick steel is used.
• A square pipe was used for the vertical section.
• As a stand under the container used corners, decorative metal balls, as in this case, or you can come up with your own version of this element, which will be the easiest to manufacture.
• Stand for the oven itself is also different from the above options. It consists of a steel plate, to which a leg, made of a piece of reinforcement, is welded.

To make this furnace model it is necessary to prepare:

- Pipe for manufacturing a furnace hopper 400 mm long, 160 × 160 mm in size.

- Pipe for chimney length of 600 mm and dimensions of 120 × 120 mm;

- The panel separating the furnace and the blowing gap. It is made of steel sheet in 5 mm and metal rod in 7 ÷ 8 mm. Its size is 155 × 300 mm.

- Plate size of 180 × 350 mm - for stand under the oven;

- Metal panel with the size of 160 × 100 mm.

The presented photos show the material that is suitable for making the oven, as well as its cutting process. The cut off part from the detail of the vertical pipe can be used instead of the foot on the stand under the furnace.

Further, the work is carried out in the same way as in the previous versions of furnaces:

• Inside the furnace, a separation panel with a grate is fixed.
• Then, the rear wall of the furnace is closed and the vertical pipe is welded.
• Then the entire structure needs to be installed and fixed by welding to a metal plate. As a support, a piece of metal rod or a triangular part cut from the chimney is mounted at the front.
• On the upper edge of the vertical pipe, corners are fixed with spot welds of a piece of corners that will become a stand for the container. They must have a height above the pipe of 40 ÷ 50 mm.
• Next, a door( on the hinges, as in this case, or in the form of a sliding panel in the frame of the corners) is installed on the inlet furnace hole.
• The design test is in progress. After that, the welds are cleaned and the oven is covered with a heat-resistant metal paint, which not only makes the device more accurate, but also prevents the appearance and spread of foci of corrosion.

For someone who has the skills of working with various metalwork tools and a welding machine, making one of the variants of the Robinson-type furnace is not difficult. The whole process of preparing parts and the assembly itself will not take long, but the oven will last a long time and will become an indispensable assistant in various situations.

Therefore, if there is no possibility to put in a summer house a stationary heating structure or to buy a ready cast-iron or steel furnace, then "Robinson" is exactly what you need. Moreover, it does not require a large amount of materials to produce it, and to obtain the desired effect, a very small amount of any available natural fuel is consumed.

Video: a self-made metal rocket-type furnace