Boiler of long burning own hands

Solid fuel boilers have been popular for several decades, although they have one significant disadvantage - they need a constant load of fuel( coal, firewood, etc.).Because of this shortage of them are often refused when building a heating system, but it is easy to get rid of it - make a long-burning boiler of one's own, functioning on almost all types of fuel( exceptionally solid, of course).

Principle of operation

is that the operation of such boilers is based on the specific features of solid fuel fog for several hours, producing a large amount of thermal energy. It is characteristic that the fuel in this case is burned more fully, and the amount of waste, as a consequence, significantly decreases.

Please note! Replacement of active burning by smelting is possible due to the special arrangement of the boiler.

The main element of the boiler is the furnace, where combustion is limited, and the intensity of the air supply is controlled by special devices. Fuel is loaded twice a day in large portions, after which it slowly smolder( a limited amount of oxygen does not allow it to burn fully).

The pipe through which smoke is emitted is passed through heat exchangers and heats the liquid in the heating system. It turns out that it is enough to load fuel every 12 hours for uninterrupted heating of the house.

Main advantages of

Boilers of long burning are distinguished against the background of heating systems of other types. Of course, the main advantage is the duration of the operation, but there are other important points:

• low fuel cost;
• autonomy;
• possibility of heating large areas at minimum costs;
• easy installation and operation;
• security;
• the ability to manufacture at home.

Device device

For the manufacture of a boiler it is more convenient to use a metal pipe ø30 cm or more with a wall thickness of at least 5 mm( otherwise the latter will soon burn out due to the high temperature inside the device).The height of the structure can vary between 80 cm and 100 cm, it all depends on the area of ​​the room.

housing Regardless of the modification, the boiler consists of three main zones:

• of the loading zone;
• zones of smoldering and heat generation;
• of the final combustion zone, where the ash burns and flue gases are emitted.

Please note! The device that limits the loading zone and, accordingly, the time of decay, is called the air distributor.

This element is made in the form of a metal circle 5-6 mm thick with a hole in the middle, through which oxygen is fed through a telescopic tube into the furnace. The diameter of the product should be slightly smaller than the diameter of the housing. Height is regulated by means of a special impeller.

The combustion zone usually does not exceed 5 cm in height - if it is larger, the fuel will burn too quickly. By the way, the oxygen pipe can be not only telescopic, but also integral. Its diameter is usually 6 cm, while the size of the hole in the air distributor does not exceed 2 cm, so as not to saturate the zone with oxygen.

Air can be supplied in one of two ways:

• directly from the atmosphere;
• from a special heating chamber( it is located at the top of the structure), which ensures more efficient operation of the boiler.

A special air damper is used for the adjustment.

The chimney pipe is welded to the top. It must be perpendicular to the hull at least 0.5 m, otherwise excessive draft is generated.

The bottom is equipped with a door for removing combustion products. Cleaning should be done infrequently, because the fuel will burn more fully.

There are two ways of heating the coolant, each has its own strengths and weaknesses.

Method no. 1. A coil is connected to the heat exchanger pipe passing through the combustion zone, by means of which the water in the tank is heated.

Method number 2 .A separate metal tank is formed through which the chimney pipe passes. The heated smoke warms up the liquid.

The first method is more efficient, but at the same time more complicated in execution. The second is easier, but it is advisable only in small houses.

It is not difficult to make such a design in the home, but this will require skills in working with the welding machine and a clear instruction.

Stage 1. Preparation of all necessary

For the manufacture of the boiler you will need:

• metal pipe ø30 cm and more with wall thickness of 4-5 mm;
  

  The body can be made of sheet steel by the welding method

• welding machine;
• sheet steel 5 mm thick( for distributor);
• Bulgarian;
• pipe ø6 cm for oxygen supply;
• pipe ø10 cm for the removal of smoky gases from the structure.

After preparation of equipment and consumables, you can start working.

Step 2. Assembling the

Note! The boiler must be installed on a flat surface. If required, a concrete base is installed( here everything depends on the total weight of the structure).

The sequence of actions for the assembly is as follows.

Step 1. The pipe, which serves as the body of the structure, is cut according to the chosen length( from 0.8 to 1 m).If the length is longer, this will make it more difficult to load fuel during operation. The bottom of sheet steel is welded and( if required) the legs made of a channel.

Step 2. The air distributor is formed. For this purpose, a circle is cut from the steel sheet, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the structure by 2 cm. A hole ø2 cm is made in the center of the circle.

An impeller with 5 cm centrifugal blades made of the same steel is welded to the distributor. A pipe ø6 cm is welded to the top in such a way that the hole made in the middle rises in the middle.

Please note! This pipe should be equal in height to the boiler body( it is possible and more).

On top, the pipe is equipped with a damper to adjust the oxygen supply.

Step 3. Near the bottom of the boiler is equipped with a door to remove combustion products. A rectangle of steel is cut from a steel plate, a loop with a lock handle is fixed. Rectangle and serve as a door.

Step 4. The chimney pipe ø10 cm is attached to the top of the boiler. The first 40-45 cm pipe must go strictly horizontally, then it is passed through the heat exchanger( the latter is made in the form of a metal container with water).

Step 5. The cover for the boiler is cut out, the hole for the air distributor is made in it. It is important that the lid adjoins the body as tightly as possible, otherwise smoke will escape through the cracks.

All, long-life heat generator is ready for use.

Features of fuel loading and operation

From a simple boiler where full air supply is needed throughout the combustion of fuel, the design of prolonged combustion, as noted earlier, differs in its limited supply. Moreover, the amount of loading directly affects the burning time, so in our case the furnace is loaded extremely tightly so that there are no gaps remaining.

Please note! As fuel it is possible to use not only firewood, but also sawdust, coal, peat, garbage( extremely combustible) and so on.

Fuel is loaded in this order.

boiler Step 1. The top cover of the structure is removed.

Step 2. The air regulator is removed.

Step 3. The boiler is loaded with fuel by the level of the chimney.

Step 4. On top of the fuel is poured a small amount of fluid for ignition( diesel oil, used oil, etc.).

Step 5. The air regulator is installed back, the top is put on the cover.

Step 6. The air damper opens to the limit.

Step 7. The piece of paper is ignited, rushes inside the structure. When the fuel begins to smolder, the air damper closes.

binding

The fact that the burning began, you can judge by the smoke emerging from the chimney. As fuel is combusted, a smaller diameter pipe will drop with the air regulator - this is a kind of indicator and you can determine the amount of fuel remaining.

Video - Continuous burning boiler

Please note! If desired, you can build and the design is more difficult with back loading. For this it is recommended to use the drawing below.

As a conclusion

The described boilers are used not only for heating houses, but also for winter heating of sheds, sheds, greenhouses, etc. If the assembly and installation work were carried out correctly, the device will function economically and absolutely safely, and can be usedsolid fuel of any type, including domestic garbage.

In addition, boilers do not need constant monitoring, it is only necessary to determine in practice the time interval between loads. It should be remembered that the burning time depends not only on the volume of the structure, but also on the type of fuel.