Cesspool: where to start?
Any construction, including such an object as a sewage pit, begins with the determination of its location. And already here it is necessary to adhere to certain rules:
- can not be placed too close to home, the distance between these objects should be at least 5 meters;
- the distance to the water intake should be 30-35 m;
- provide a free access to the pit of the sewage machine for cleaning it;
- the bottom of the pit must be no closer than 1 m from the passage of groundwater;
- from the edge of the drain to the fence - 1 m or more;
- according to the sanitary norms, the cesspool should not be closer than 20 m from the wells with drinking water for clay soils, 300 m for loamy soils and 50 m for loamy sand.
The volume of the cesspool is also of great importance, the approximate size is calculated at the rate of 0.5 cubic meters.for 1 person. But if there is an opportunity, it is better to take the volume with a small margin, then you do not have to often call a machine to pump out sinks.
Types of cesspools and their device
After determining the location of the cesspool, you must choose the type of construction that you will install.
All drives are divided into these types;
- cesspool in which there is no bottom;
- hermetic type, is a plastic container placed in the ground;
- septic tanks with a sewage filtration system.
The cesspool without a bottom has the simplest design, in addition it does not need to be cleaned - the drains are absorbed by the soil. This type of construction is ideal for small areas, because its size is much smaller than all others.
However, it is precisely such a system that should be placed as far as possible from the wells with drinking water, since drains, when combined with water, make it unsuitable for drinking.
Plastic sealed tank, buried in the soil, soil contamination is prevented, as drains do not have the ability to go beyond it. As for the shortcomings, this capacity requires regular cleaning, at least once a month, and this is an additional considerable expense.
Septic tanks are the most advanced and efficient type of water intake, as apart from the collection of effluents, they also have a system for cleaning them.
Cavity pit from concrete rings in a private house: scheme and sequence of work execution
This type of cesspool will be the best option when the number of drains does not exceed 1 cubic meter.per day. Otherwise, water simply will not have time to soak up, as a result - the appearance of unpleasant odors and the need for daily cleaning up with improvised means, such as a bucket. Such inconveniences are unlikely to please owners. However, if you do not live year-round in a private house, and you go there only on weekends, then this type of cesspool will be for you the best option.
The construction of such a cesspool of concrete rings looks like this:
- digs a foundation pit of sufficient depth and width( orientated to the number of rings);
- in it lay layers of concrete rings, which are fastened together by metal staples;
- simultaneously with them at an angle lay pipes for unimpeded drain of water;
- The pipe is inserted inside the well after the first ring on top;
- After that, hatches are mounted over the rings( which must be insulated in winter);
- The gap between the rings and the walls of the pit is covered with earth.
Tip: if you want to increase the cesspool's volume a little, you can do this by increasing the diameter, because the ring height is standard - 1 m. Choose reinforced concrete rings of larger diameter, for example 1.5 m or 2 m.
