The bottom bandage is the very first layer of a wooden beam( logs, boards), which is laid on the foundation and securely attached to it. Lower laying is needed to securely fix the future structure on the foundation and is the reference point for laying the floor and walls. Only after laying the lower strapping begins the construction of a wooden frame or frame of the house.
Lower frame of the frame house
Materials for the lower binding and requirements for them
The lower strapping is traditionally made of coniferous wood. Advantages of coniferous over foliage:
- more straight trunk;
- high strength;
- durability and longer service life;
- quality of wood and higher building characteristics;
- reduced water permeability.
The most widespread in construction was wood from such softwoods as pine, larch, spruce, cedar. From these materials, you need to choose the most suitable terrain( for price, availability, required strength and density) and then decide on the shape of the lumber. It can be:
- cant;
- board or bundle of boards;
- log;
If you choose the material yourself and the material section to select the lower strapping, you should use a special construction calculator that determines the calculation of the necessary parameters of the wood.
To perform the lower frame of the frame house, the selected material must undergo treatment:
- with antiseptic to prevent fungus development and decay;
- flame retardant - to increase fire resistance and prevent fire. It is especially important to carry out such treatment for pine materials, since such a wood contains a large amount of combustible resins.
In some cases, a metal profile is used to make the lower strapping, but for the construction of a frame object, the use of this material is not advisable.
The technology of laying the lower strapping for the frame house
The laying of the lower strapping is carried out in several stages:
Belt foundation
The most widely spread tape and columnar types of foundations are used for building a frame house. Tape foundation is advisable to use in the construction of two-story frame houses, for light and same-story buildings, the foundation of a columnar foundation is suitable. Principal differences in the preparation of different types of foundation under the lower strapping there. First, you need to check the horizontality of the foundation. Secondly, to perform its waterproofing. As an insulating material, ruberoid, tar, or bitumen is used. The selected material is spread over the top surface of the basement, laying all the poles or the entire tape, depending on the type of foundation.
At this stage, a mechanism for bonding the foundation and strapping should be provided. For what in the foundation or drive wood plugs, or mount the anchor bolts.
Stage 2. Preparation of building material
The building material selected for the bottom installation must be dried.
Then choose the corner elements and the way they are connected together.
Connection in a half-tree
Connection in a half-tree - from the ends of the selected elements it is necessary to cut or cut down half the thickness( as shown in the picture).
Connection in half lock
Connection in half-timber - cutting of wood is performed at an arbitrary angle, but not under straight lines. As shown in the picture.
Step 3. Stacking and tying the
harness Once the waterproofing is laid and leveled, proceed to laying the prepared strapping material.
Important! If a bunch of boards is used, then it is laid on the edge. So that the connection between the boards is in the vertical plane.
You need to start the strapping from the corners of the future building. Take a certain point for the first outer corner of the object and mark it( it is best to drive a nail), then in the same way all other corners are marked. After doing this step, you need to check the straightness of the corners( you can use the carpenter's triangle).
The next steps will be the execution of one of the corners of the future object and the laying of all prepared logs( boards, logs).Joints should be laid with jute tape.
On the straight sections of the strapping, the elements are most easily connected with each other by a frontal stop( by analogy with a corner joint in a half-tree or half-lap), without forgetting to use the jute tape as a gasket.
The stacking elements can be fastened together with metal corners or staples.
After laying all the elements, you need to repeatedly check the straightness of all angles, as well as the horizontal structure of the level.
How to attach the lower strapping to the foundation? Several variants are possible:
- Anchor bolt - bolts must be pre-mounted in the foundation, in the bottom band the bolt hole is drilled during the laying and fitting of the element. Anchor bolts should be in each column, on which the strapping is laid, or along the entire perimeter of the tape - with a ribbon foundation.
- Connection with nails - nails are driven into places where wood plugs are embedded in the foundation.
- Connection with wedge bolts is the most robust method of connection.
After fixing the strapping, you should again check its levelness in the level and you can start making holes for floor and wall lags.
We advise you to read an article about the ways of joining timber and logs.
Video - Strapping the house with a lumber belt
