Formwork for the foundation with his own hands: how to perform the installation

Any building requires the organization of a reliable base. In order to give a concrete foundation necessary form, used special design - formwork. It can be of different types depending on the structure features. Formwork for the foundation with his own hands is performed in several stages. It can be made from different materials. Assembly design requires an examination of compliance with regulations and installation rules.

Decking: What is it? construction assembly conditions

In order to form the foundation acquired after casting, various materials from which the formwork is going. Most of these structures are made of wood. There are also more modern variants which are constructed from polymeric materials other than high performance. Decking performs the following functions:

• It creates a form required to pour the concrete base;
• It gives a smooth texture surface;
• isolates from soil structure (if necessary).

In order to give an answer to the question of what the formwork must be familiar with the more detailed features of the design. Proper installation of formwork requires compliance with certain conditions.

The first step is to prepare the ground at the point where the base will be executed pouring future construction. He must be thoroughly cleaned of debris and impurities.

Formwork foundation consists of individual elements. As used bases forming panels made of wood or other suitable material. On the inside, which will come into contact with a concrete solution, there should be no contamination. The surface should be as smooth. This will help minimize the finishing work after the dismantling of forms.

When installing formwork special attention should be paid to mount the individual components together. The quality of the latching elements depends on how well casing cope with the formative function. Fixing, organized illiterate, can cause deformation of concrete.

Formwork for columnar foundations (as well as belt or monolithic) must be completely sealed. Only in this way can the right forming the base. Before you begin the installation of the formwork must be familiar with the capabilities of its types.

Variety of designs: fixed and removable formwork for foundations

Currently, you can find two types of formwork. Distinguish between removable and fixed constructions. Each option has its advantages and disadvantages, which should not be ignored. Let us consider in more detail these species.

Removable. This type of construction is dismantled after solidification foundation. In the future, all the components used to build forms, can be used repeatedly. To organize such a formwork wooden materials are most often used.

This embodiment is standard and used by pouring the bases of varying complexity. For the individual elements of the building is also suitable removable formwork. For walls and ceilings such technology is used just as often.

Fixed. Forming this type of formwork, unlike the previous embodiment, not understand. Such designs differ processability and have several advantages over conventional forms.

Note!Not folding formwork fulfills the function of heat insulation, protecting concrete from frost.

Fixed constructions made of polymer materials of different degrees of adaptability. The greatest widespread polystyrene forms. This is due to the fact that the active material differs acceptable cost. Such formwork used in the construction of monolithic structures as the most suitable option.

We should also mention the forms of non-removable made of wood. In order to more clearly evaluate the differences in a variety of designs, it is recommended to study their photos. This type of formwork is used most often in cases when it is necessary to perform a narrow bath basement, located on a small depth. After pouring the concrete so constructed simply covered with soil.

Combined formwork: design features

In some situations, forming the base of the building composite structures is used. Mixed embodiment including a removable and fixed elements of the formwork, it is recommended to use in the event that the building is constructed on particulate soil.

Such formwork home includes two layers: the outer and the inner. On the external side using the standard forms which are assembled from planks. In turn, the inner side is represented by polystyrene foam. For fixing the polymeric material applied to the soil nails 200 mm long. Docking polystyrene with wooden material made by means of screws.

can be called is that it performs a supporting and heat insulating function of the main advantage of the combined structure. The foundation is protected from the sides and from the sole.

When installing a casing around the house with his own hands must be remembered that insulation can be arranged or in the underground part, or the whole base depth. In that case, if the polystyrene elements are arranged over the entire depth, it is necessary to take care of the organization of fixtures. To do this, they advance inserted plugs, allowing to fix the unit on the concrete surface.

Helpful information!The upper tier of formwork constructed using standard wooden boards, staves and reinforced struts.

What you need to know when choosing the material for the casing

Forming the structures used for pouring the foundation, can be collected from different materials. The choice of the type of shuttering is influenced by such criteria: kind of foundation, the width, length, etc... To assemble the following materials are used most frequently:

• wood;
• polystyrene;
• metal;
• reinforced concrete.

Wood. As mentioned above, forms the foundation of this material are the most common. Boards for formwork in this case may be different in their design. The most common use of a sheet of plywood which is fixed to the spacer, made of wooden boards.

The advantage of the wooden structure is its accessibility. And it is worth noting that the cost of this form is quite low. Wooden elements are mounted relatively easily. All you need to do - to know the technology works and stick to it. To install such a structure is not used complex specialized tools.

The main disadvantage of concrete formwork are made of wood, is the need for additional elements. It is necessary to strengthen the structure. Most often this need is due to dimensional differences between the individual mold parts. Organization of the formwork requires mandatory pre-calculating materials.

Styrofoam. The second most popular material. From this constituent elements are made of permanent constructions. In addition to forming function, it is a good insulator, protecting the foundation of a building from a low temperature, wind and water. This design can be easily mounted, but its price is not too accessible. Problems may arise in the selection of the individual constituent elements.

Reinforced concrete. People wondering about what to do from the formwork, often choose other, less popular content. As a concrete example. In the private construction of this method is almost never used because the final cost of the work is too high. And it is worth noting the complexity of organizing such a formwork.

Reinforced concrete structure assembled of individual plates. The main advantage of such a casing is that it can reduce the installation of the foundation thickness.

Metal. The metal form is a great choice for when you need to build a strip foundation. It is also used for the monolithic structures. The undeniable advantage of this method is that, if desired, reinforcement, reinforcing concrete, can be welded directly to the metallic shields formwork. Such a construction has high strength and reliability.

Note!In contrast to the boards for formwork metal design does not require the additional spacers.

Another advantage of the metal is considered to be its versatility. Such sheets can be bent by changing their shape as needed. The disadvantage of this option is the high cost of construction.

Formwork for the foundation with their hands out of scrap materials

To assemble the formwork used not only specialized materials. For example, a short form for the foundation may be made of available tools. It may be an old door, pieces of furniture, boards, slate and so on. D. The main advantage of this method is its cheapness.

It is worth noting that to construct such a form is quite difficult, so it is quite difficult to find the right parts. Formwork to achieve tightness, made improvised, very difficult. That is why this method is not popular. It can be used in the construction of concrete fence. Form for fencing, made of such technology, requires consideration of the possible problems that sometimes arise during operation.

When using any materials, it is recommended to use special pins for formwork. They are necessary for contraction of the construction of the walls. The rigidity of any formwork is much lower than this figure forms collected from specialized parts. In organizing this variant increases the risk of leakage of the solution.

Take note that in this case, can not do without additional fasteners. To ensure good rigidity and stability of the construction, it is necessary to put special rasklinki and support. It should be remembered that this method, you should not use in organizing the foundations for residential buildings.

The laminated plywood formwork: characteristics of the material

Laminated plywood is the traditional material used in the assembly of forming structures. This is due to the fact that it has the appropriate technical and physical characteristics. The laminating layer is disposed on the surface. Its function is to protect the wood from moisture.

The surface texture of laminated sheets may be different. Emit a smooth and grained veneer. When choosing laminated sheets first need to pay attention to their thickness which can vary from 3 to 40 mm. Price per sheet laminated plywood formwork ranges from 1.5 to 4 thousand. rub. The cost depends on the wood species from which the product is made, its thickness and dimensions.

Note!To assemble the forming structures common to use thick plywood of 15 mm and above.

How to choose the formwork for the foundation? The best option considered sheets of thickness from 18 to 21 mm. They are most often used in the construction of the formwork for the foundation and other construction elements. These products are characterized by the fact that they are able to withstand high loads. And their weight allows for easy transport and installation. Dimensions of standard sheets constitute 1250h2500 mm.

Plywood for shuttering: variety of material

To date, there is a clear gradation of a material such as plywood. It occurs more popular types of sheets that can be used as shields for the forming structure. They differ from each other by one feature - adhesive type. When assembling the formwork used these types of plywood:

• FBA;
• FSF.

BAF. In this case, between the layers of veneer is albuminokazeinovy ​​adhesive composition. This kind of plywood is highly ecological. It is often chosen as an alternative to natural materials. plywood price for this type of formwork is quite high, but it can even be used for wall surfaces in residential areas.

For the organization of formative constructions are not recommended for use FBA, since this type of plywood differs poor resistance to moisture. Therefore, this embodiment is used only in extreme cases.

FSF. This material has good resistance to moisture. This is a significant advantage, which determines the operational features of a plywood. An adhesive composition in this case contains the resin (phenolformaldehyde).

Related article:

Permanent formwork of polystyrene foam: versatility and reliability

Advantages and disadvantages of the design. Types of formwork. Permanent formwork for the foundation, walls and floors.

Many experts advise to use this type of plywood formwork in the assembly with his own hands. For walls using several different technology, but for a variant of the foundation is the most appropriate. Another advantage of the FSF is that it can be used several times. Sheathe the inner part of the room so the plywood is not recommended.

How to make the formwork for the foundation: features calculation

Before starting the installation work is required to carry out the standard calculations. These include determining the amount of material required and the location of its final value. It is important to consider the type of material that will be used for the manufacture of formwork. OSB, plywood, chipboard boards - all of these materials have different costs.

Formwork OSB is used most often in private construction as for large projects, this material is not suitable due to the poor resistance to moisture. The calculation of the number of boards produced very simply. To do this, it is first necessary to divide the perimeter of the planned length of the foundation on the wooden parts. Next, you need to divide the height by the width of the base of a wooden board.

The last thing to do - is to multiply the two values ​​obtained previously. The result will correspond to the number of boards that need to purchase. Experts recommend to add to the calculated data small margin (about 10%).

Note!One cubic meter boards accommodates an average of from 40 to 65 products.

In order to determine the cost, you need to multiply the price by the number of cubic meters of lumber needed for the installation of formwork for the foundation.

To this figure must be added other costs. For example, a certain number of beams required for assembly of the forming structure. Also wooden spacers are used to amplify the formwork. Expenses for the purchase of additional materials may constitute in some cases 40 to 50% of the total price of sheets of plywood and boards. In the final calculation of the value is also added to the cost of purchasing tools and elements to be used for fixation of the individual components of the formwork.

How to make the formwork for the foundation with his own hands (removable): preparatory stage

Before assembly, the removable forming structures need to purchase appropriate tools and materials, as well as the costs to prepare the area, which has been defined for the installation foundation. The most common is the base tape. For the manufacture of removable formwork require such materials:

• boards 100-150 mm wide and 25-30 mm thick;
• strut bars 100x50 mm;
• pins 40-50 mm;
• wire;
• nails;
• screws;
• Polyethylene film of sufficient density.

Calculation of materials for the organization of strip foundation formwork is performed on the basis of the future of the base size. You must consider several requirements that allow a forming structure correctly. The height of the formwork is assembled from plywood, must exceed the level of the cap 50 mm. Spacers are mounted on a strictly defined distance from each other (700-1000 mm).

It is important to remember that the stakes should be just as much, and the side struts. Solid in corners fixed together. To this end, the side webs are used. In organizing the formwork used dense film made from a plastic material. It should cover the entire inside of the fence. Before you get started, it is recommended to see video tutorials about how to make the foundation.

Preparation of the site, where the base is molded, includes some types of work. First of all you need to dig a ditch in the ground. The trench must correspond to the design depth. This requires that the width of the ditch was stock, 10 cm exceeding that of future tape base.

Next, you must flatten and seal the ground at the bottom of the trench. Next, the alignment of its walls. One of the most important conditions for pouring the foundation is the organization at the bottom of the ditch a special bed of gravel and sand. The standard width of this layer is 10-15 cm.

Note!Not all the buildings require the organization of the base using a forming structure. In some cases, you can pour the foundation without formwork. This base is suitable for all sorts of temporary structures. Technology of such construction allows for digging a trench, laying reinforcement, and polyethylene.

The soil, which has a high density ratio, the trench is performed corresponding to the tape width of the concrete. And formwork in this case must be placed above the soil level.

How to make the formwork for the foundation: step by step guide

Mounting removable structure often allows for its reuse. If this is not necessary, then you can buy not folding expanded polystyrene form. Independently carry out this work is rather difficult. To do this, you need to make educated design and clearly follow the organization of the base formwork instructions. Consider each stage of the work in more detail.

The first step is to produce panels which are basic forming elements. Used for fixing nails. The height of the billboards must be slightly greater than that the base component (approximately 10 cm). In order to understand the characteristics of the assembly forming the structure, it is recommended to study the relevant photos and videos. Formwork for the foundation with their hands strengthened by wooden stakes. As mentioned above, their step is about 70-100 cm. The distance from the foundation to the stakes must be approximately 1 meter.

Next, place the panels along the edges of ditches and associate them with sticks, using a special jumper. Then the fence is aligned in a vertical plane, which need to use the building level. After that, the fixing structure to cut.

In the next stage, the inner cavity of the formwork was covered tightly with plastic wrap. The edges of the fabric are fixed with the help of construction stapler. Next, you will need to place in the intermediate space of the reinforcing bars. When installing formwork for strip foundation with his own hands may need to add a reinforcement of wooden poles with a height of 5 cm.

Note!Before you start filling it is necessary to arrange passages for communications. For this purpose, round sleeves.

After Bookmarks reinforcing lattice should pull plywood panels using a wire. It is worth noting that if the foundation has rounded zone, then the need to bend the plywood to achieve the desired shape.

How to do the formwork: basic requirements

During assembly, forming structures need to comply with certain requirements, which are put forward to the dimensions. It should take into account all possible deviations from the norm. Otherwise, it may result in an unstable form, which subsequently have a negative impact on the technical characteristics of the base. So, to the manufacture of formwork special requirements.

How to do the foundation? It is important to remember that the hollow-design deflection in the vertical plane should not exceed 5 mm to 1 meter in height. Quite often inexperienced masters make the mistake associated with the location of the boards in areas with a natural slope of the land. Outer board formwork in this case should be positioned horizontally. Repetition tilt strictly not allowed.

There are clear limits on displacement forming structures from the original position. The maximum allowable displacement is 15 mm. When installing the boards should be noted that differences between them should not exceed 3 mm.

How to set the formwork on the site with loose soil? In this case, you must perform a wide ditch, on which sides need to organize additional spacers.

If desired, at step formwork assembly can produce a future insulation base. For this purpose, any suitable, inexpensive material (e.g., polystyrene). When this trench is expanded in accordance with the index of thickness of the insulating material.

In the case of the organization of the foundation without formwork in the land selected is suitable reinforcement, which is constructed from a lattice. It is not recommended to use this technology, if the soil at the site did not have enough density.

When installing permanent formwork must be remembered that the most important criterion is its tightness. If we ignore this, then the insulating quality folding design greatly reduced.

Formwork for the fence with their hands: step by step guide

The forming structure is not only used for pouring the foundation of residential and outbuildings. The need for formwork present and the installation of some protective structures. Strong base portion fence guarantees protection from intrusion.

Before starting the installation of formwork in this case also need to conduct some training. The first thing you need to perform marking the perimeter of the future construction. Then, the preparation of the soil, which implies the removal of vegetation, stones, debris and other obstructions that could interfere with the installation of formwork under the fence.
Then you can proceed to dig a trench. It is worth considering a few rules. In points corresponding to the installation of support elements (poles), the depth should be up to 80 cm. The comparable figure for spans of 50 cm.

Note!After the organization is necessary to fill the trench in it sand and gravel, to prepare a special pillow.

How to build formwork for the foundation of the fence? Home to perform this adaptation is not as difficult. With this kind of work can handle even a person who does not have the relevant experience. For the organization of formative structure at the base of the fence should follow a phased action algorithm.

The first thing to do is to strengthen the waterproofing qualities of wood, from which you will formwork. For this purpose, most often spent engine oil is used. Next is the installation of vertical stakes. The distance between them should be not less than 50 cm but not more than 1 meter.

Then, the installation of the support legs of the bar and made them commit to the boards. For fastening in this case, an ordinary nails or screws. The next step is to pull switchboards fencing wire and install a mesh.

After mounting fittings made fixing the upper part of the frame. For this purpose, use pieces of wood. The corners of the brackets are located, performing a fixing function. In the final step required to close up the gap in the structure. This ends the installation of the formwork for the base of the fence.

Self installing formwork for the foundation of a residential or business buildings requires serious preparation. In addition to drawing up the plan, perform the calculation of the amount of materials needed. it is recommended to explore all possible videos on this subject before assembling the structure.