How is polyethylene made
Polymer material( polyethylene) is produced by the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons, resulting in a white solid that does not interact with oil, acetone, gasoline and other solvents and acids. The raw material for creating the material is a natural hydrocarbon gas formed during the processing of oil.
The pressure at which the polymerization of ethylene occurs is 150-300Mpa. The material has excellent dielectric parameters. The molecular structure is represented by a unique branching scheme with a crystallinity higher than 60%.This gives him heat resistance.
The temperature of work with these products should not be above 40 ° C, and the walls of the products for greater use thicken.
Due to peculiar changes in the structure, polyethylene becomes heat-resistant, is resistant to cracks, and is shockproof.
High density polyethylene is often used, which produces at a temperature of 80 ° C and a pressure of 0.6 MPa. As a result, low-density polyethylene is obtained, which has a milky color, is not exposed to alkalis, all kinds of acids.
Advantages of low-pressure polyethylene products
Where are polyethylene pipes used: specifications?
- Drinking water supply system and household needs.
- Pressure and pressureless sewer systems.
- Waterproofing of heat traces.
- Protection of power cables and wiring from annoying factors.
- Monolithic construction of forming elements.
- Greenhouse farms that require irrigation and tillage.
- To create an ice field.
To protect the electrical cable, the communications are laid under the ground, since inside the walls they have a smooth surface and allow deftly pulling the cables, and from the outside they are corrugated, therefore they protect from mechanical influence.
Also underwater pipelines are the environment of application. Since they are mounted on the shore, and then gradually flooded with water due to ballast cargo.
A for hot water and heating, in turn, use cross-linked polyethylene pipes, the technical characteristics of which are endowed with great flexibility.
Polymer products are becoming increasingly popular in various fields and are represented by the following characteristics:
- The service life is more than 50 years.
- Savings on maintenance due to the fact that cathodic protection is not required.
- Dimensional parameters are 7 times less than steel, and have less weight.
- Chemical environment and corrosion do not threaten polyethylene communications.
- Smoothness of the pipe surface, which does not accumulate scale and grease on its walls.
- When water freezes, it does not collapse.
- Resistance to hydraulic shocks.
- Polyethylene pipes are longer than metal pipes.
- High level of smoothness of the inner side of the pipe, which is incapable of accumulating bacteria, scum and fat. Ensures compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards.
Polyethylene pipes save up to 40% of funds for installation and reconstruction of water supply systems, in contrast to the same services for steel pipes.
The diameter of pipeline communications ranges from 500-1200 mm.
Polyethylene pipes technical characteristics for gas supply
Polyethylene pipes can be used in the gas industry, and the products from this material are marked "GAZ".Gas facilities require in their installation some requirements, for example, resistance to corrosion, long-term operation, namely pipes made of polymer material are able to meet the requirements. Also, low weight and cathodic protection of long billets make it possible to prepare and construct a pipeline in a short time and with low losses, unlike metallic ones.
There will also be no need for a large number of workers involved in welding, stacking and waterproofing of pipes, transportation and excavation. Pipes can be used to lay tranches of water supply and drainage systems - a fairly promising direction for using communications that require little intervention in the ground.
Now you know what technical characteristics are given to polyethylene pipes and can safely choose them, or you, too, are not deprived of any choice by any other material. But remember, for longer than 50 years, as polyethylene products can serve, you will not be able to serve any more. And whatever you choose - good luck!
