Lining basement waterproofing

Soil waterproofing foundation is used in cases where protection from capillary moisture is required, and hydrostatic pressure does not exceed 0.1 MPa. Perform a coating of waterproofing with bitumen or polymer mastics, forming a waterproof film on the surface of the foundation. As a basic protection, coating technology is used for vertical waterproofing of the foundation. When performing a horizontal waterproofing, the coating materials are used as an additional waterproofing layer, since their strength is low.

Materials for coating waterproofing

The most common materials are bitumen, bitumen-polymer, rubber mastics, as well as primers for the preparation of base, varnishes, paints and water-based emulsions. Assignment of mastic components:

• Bitumen is an oil product that allows the creation of a water repellent coating in black, with low ductility. It is used in a dispersed form in the composition of emulsions, in melts or in solutions of organic solvents.
• Rubber is a liquid rubber. It gives the mastics a plasticity, good adhesion, resistance to the appearance of cracks in the shrinkage of the building.
• Polymeric fillers improve adhesion and penetration, saturate the pores of the material. Increase mechanical resistance.
• Solvents. They can be both organic, for example, white spirit, and water. Means for coating waterproofing waterproofing are used as the initial waterproofing of membrane films.

Mastics for lubricating waterproofing can be cold, ready to use, and hot - they are supplied in briquettes in the form of a viscous solid mass and require preheating to a temperature of 160-180 degrees Celsius.

Technology for coating waterproofing

1. The surface of the foundation is cleaned from dust and dirt. Sharp protrusions, corners and faces must be rounded to a radius of at least 3 cm with the help of a grinder, otherwise under the mechanical pressure of the soil or structures, the waterproofing layer will be damaged. If the cover is subject to internal angles, it is necessary to make fillets of a triangular cross-section - they reduce the backfill pressure on the waterproofing layer. Cracks and seams dilate to a solid base, seal with cement mortar. The shells are also covered with cement mortar - when the coating remains in them, air remains, and after a while bubbles form, which, if broken, breaks the continuous waterproofing layer.
   

   Step 1 - Preparation of the foundation surface

2. To improve the adhesion of the waterproofing film to the substrate, so-called primers are used - primers designed for a specific type of coating. For bitumen mastics based on organic solvents, primers with the same type of solvent are used, water-soluble primers for water-emulsion formulations. The primer is applied to the dust-free base with a roller, the corners are additionally smeared with a brush. The drying time of the primer usually does not exceed several hours.
   

   Step 2 - Primer application process

3. For bituminous and bitumen-polymer mastics, a quick-drying bituminous lacquer is applied first layer providing good adhesion. The varnish is applied by brush, vertical strokes, or by spraying, on the entire surface of the basement. Wait for its complete drying.
   

   Step 4 - the process of applying quick-drying bituminous varnish on the foundation

4. Prepare the mastic for application. The one-component is stirred and, if necessary, diluted with an appropriate solvent. Two-component mastic is mixed according to the instructions on the package.
   

   Step 5 - mastic mixing process

5. Apply the first layer of mastic with a wide brush, roller or spatula. The mastic is applied without gaps, carefully blurring the corners to form a solid and seamless coating. Direction of strokes - vertical. Similarly, two or three layers of mastic are applied, necessarily waiting for the time of its full curing. In the production of work in sub-zero temperatures, the mastic should be slightly heated to improve its plasticity.
   

   Application of the first layer of mastic on the foundation

6. In the case of building new buildings, it is necessary to reinforce the waterproofing to avoid damaging it when shrinking. To do this, use fiberglass, fiberglass, pasting them on the first layer of mastic so that they are completely wetted to it. Also, corners, fillets, sharp projections with a chamfer are reinforced with fiberglass.
   

   Protection of waterproofing materials

7. Bituminous mastic for hot application must be preheated to a temperature of 160-180 degrees in a metal container. Apply it with a spatula, leveling with a hard brush. Hot bitumen mastic is usually used for horizontal waterproofing of the foundation, where a thicker layer is required and the bitumen is quickly cured.
   

   To prepare bitumen mastic it must be melt on fire

8. After complete drying, the mastics begin to warm the foundation or backfill the soil. For backfilling, sand should be used without foreign impurities - they can damage the waterproofing layer. To reduce the stagnation of moisture near the foundation walls and reduce the hydrostatic pressure in areas with a high level of groundwater, drainage is performed before the backfill.

Soaking waterproofing is also used as an additional foundation protection and a sub-layer for pasting waterproofing. In this case, the preparation of the foundation surface is carried out in a similar manner, including rounding of sharp corners and chamfering, fillet arrangement, as well as a primer and varnish or a first layer of mastic. Next, the waterproofing is applied.

Mastic and primer for additional protection are selected depending on the roll material: for bituminous roofing materials with bitumen coating - mastic based on bitumen, for polymeric materials - water-soluble mastics based on rubber and dispersed petroleum products, as bitumen with respect to polymer coatings is an aggressive material andmay cause their destruction. Also, bituminous mastics based on organic solvents should not be used as an unprotected waterproofing before the foundation is insulated with polystyrene and polystyrene. It is better to choose an aqueous emulsion based on polymers or to cover the waterproofing with a cement primer.

Soaking waterproofing with cement modified solutions

A variety of coating waterproofing - waterproofing with cement modified solutions. As you know, concrete is a porous material that absorbs moisture easily. The use of a solution with a high content of cement of the highest grade and modifiers filling the pores and capillaries allows making concrete not only waterproof, but also chemically resistant to aggressive liquids. In addition, the surface of the material becomes very strong. These qualities of cement cement waterproofing are the areas of its application - the foundations of buildings installed in areas with high humidity and the possibility of contact with aggressive groundwater. In addition, the layer of cement-based lubricant waterproofing plays the role of plaster for any finish coating: tile, finishing stone, painting.