Recommendations for choosing the best septic for summer residence

Many inveterate gardeners, engaged in the arrangement of a suburban area, are racking their brains over what septic tank for a dacha is better to choose?

And indeed, the answer to this question is not so easy to find.

Let's first try to figure out what a septic tank is, and what is the principle of its operation.

Septic tanks belong to the main elements of artificial sewage treatment systems, which are installed if there is no centralized sewage system.

The design consists of a sealed tank, which in turn is divided into chambers. It is in these cells that the sewage that enters the sewage system is treated.

The process is as follows: after the sewer pipe, the runoff is in the first septic chamber where it passes through the settling stage necessary for the primary mass separation.

After the heavy particles are at the bottom, and the lighter ones rise to the top, the water pours into the next compartment.

In the second chamber there are special bacteria that contribute to the fermentation process. The water becomes noticeably lighter in this process.

Then it enters the compartment of the third compartment, where another additional cleaning takes place, and then goes to the filtration chambers: a well, a field or a filtration tunnel.

Many owners of summer houses prefer to install structures that contain biological filters for deep cleaning.

If you select such equipment, then there is no need to install filter wells or fields.

Of course, if you compare with a simple septic tank, the design will not be cheap, but it's worth adding up the costs for the filter elements of the sewage system, and the price of both options will be almost the same.

Types of materials

Various types of materials are used for the manufacture of septic tanks, we present their brief overview:

• First and foremost, of course, plastic. Plastic designs are most popular, because they are lightweight and simple installation process, which is easily done manually. Plastic septic tanks are available in the form of chambers with thick walls and additional stiffeners( however, it is advisable to install concrete supports in the pit for such a septic tank).If you compare with other models, plastic septic tanks represent the most budgetary option - this is also one of the main advantages that attracts summer residents when buying. But when installing such a septic tank, it should be remembered that the pipeline running before the structure should be straight and have a certain inclination angle towards the septic tank;
• If you need a deeper cleaning, then you should choose a stainless steel material. Stainless steel models are complex structures with the connection of additional aggregates consisting of compressors, filters and protective nets. Such models are difficult to establish without the help of specialists, and they are worth a lot of money;
• Relatively recently the rating of materials for manufacturing septic tanks was replenished with fiberglass. This is a new development of scientists and as developers claim, the characteristics of the material far surpass the usual plastic( but as the prices for these models are still off scale, it's better to translate your eyes to the rating of cheaper materials).

We have more or less determined the materials. Let's try to understand the variants of the constructions now.

Types of structures

By the type of installation, the structures are divided into finished and prefabricated( self-made).If we compare prices, then prefabricated structures represent a cheaper option than ready-made ones.

But the installation itself takes a much longer time, someone will take it a few days, someone has weeks.

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With ready-made models there are no such problems.

The installation can be performed within one day: dig a pit of the necessary size, place a structure in it( if it is made of plastic, it is better to make concrete fastenings around it), connect to the sewage system and then fill in the remaining gaps between the foundation pit and the septic earth.

The prices for ready-made structures are an order of magnitude higher than the prefabricated ones, but in spite of this, it is better to choose the finished model nevertheless.

Do not forget, many companies when buying ready-made septic tanks include delivery and assembly costs in the prices, so do not get scared when you see expensive price tags for the goods.

Let's review two of the most budget-ready models.

Mini septic tank

Such mini structures are usually installed in a dacha, designed for only 1-2 people, since they have the smallest reservoirs.

Or installed on sites that are used very rarely. The volume of the mini-septic tank is no more than 1 cubic meter, in this regard, it has the most compact dimensions from all known models.

Compact design provides a number of advantages for the mini-design:

• Simple installation( no need for special equipment for delivery and installation of the mini model);
• Absolute autonomy( mini-septic, usually non-volatile);
• Attractive price.

When installing a mini-septic tank, it should be understood that it can process only a very limited amount of liquid.

Therefore, if in the future you plan to invite guests to the dacha or regularly use it, then the mini construction will have to be replaced and another one will be put in place that will ensure greater effectiveness.

Cumulative septic tank

As a rule, a cumulative septic tank is made of plastic, and it is a construction for cleaning, which is, in fact, an alternative cesspool.

The structure of the system is extremely simple( since the storage septic tank is non-volatile), and the price is more than acceptable. But the accumulative septic tank also has a number of minuses.

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First and foremost, they include the need to frequently call a sewer( which is also not cheap), and secondly, the storage tank can not hide the unpleasant odor from the mass in it.

Thirdly, it is required to constantly monitor the flow of water due to the limited capacity that the storage tank has.

In addition, the plastic is light enough, and so that it does not "float" when raising groundwater, it is better to install concrete slabs in the pit, which is not always easy when doing work by yourself.

Such a design is better to choose for a dacha, not used for permanent residence and which does not have a large number of plumbing fixtures, otherwise the costs of operating a septic tank will quickly exceed its original cost.

How to choose a septic tank?

Having understood what kinds of structures and materials there are, we will proceed directly to the choice of a septic tank, which is influenced by certain factors:

1. The design should be calculated taking into account the number of people living in the dacha and the number of plumbing devices( the more a person lives in the country, the more septic tankinstall - for these purposes it is better to take a large volatile tank with several cameras, and for two people you can put a mini-septic tank with a small reservoir);
2. It is necessary to take into account the ground and ground water flow in this area. These indicators significantly affect the ability of the field device to filter. If the level with groundwater is high, then the installation of filter elements becomes difficult, and in some cases even impossible;
3. Assignment of a septic tank - will operate it continuously or only in certain seasons;
4. Price range, which directly determines the choice of a good design;
5. Rating designs allows you to find out about the most popular and tested models, so you should also navigate it when you do not know exactly what septic to choose;
6. Electricity consumption( when buying, pay attention to an overview of these indicators, for some modern models you need a certain electricity consumption, so it is more convenient, of course, to take a non-volatile septic tank).

Let us dwell in more detail on some aspects, we will study them in order to make a correct and deliberate purchase of the structure in the future.

Selection according to

The volume of the septic tank is calculated from the three-day filling of the sewage.

If the filling does not exceed 1 cubic meter, then you can safely put a non-volatile mini version with one camera.

If the volume does not exceed 10 cubic meters, then you should also have enough two cameras.

If the volume of filling with sewage exceeds 10 cubic meters, then it is necessary to take the largest septic tank of three chambers, which requires additional electricity consumption.

What if the dacha is used extremely rarely, for example, only on weekends? Of course in this case, the installation of a full-fledged septic tank, which has a complex purification system, is not needed.

Alternatively, you can install a concrete well or conventional plastic containers.

If you go to the dacha all the time, and the site has a full bathroom, toilet, bath and pool, then, of course, the volume of waste water you will not be small.

In such cases, the ideal option is to install a structure with aeration. Aeration improves the efficiency of decomposition processes, which increases the productivity of the plant.

Choosing the model for

The standard models need additional cleaning systems - fields for filtration. However, as mentioned earlier, not every soil allows them to be installed.

If there is a high clay content in your area, then filtering and cleaning of sewage in this way is impossible.

As an option, some make artificial soil filtration on a clay soil under a septic tank for a dacha.

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For this they remove most of the clay layer and replace it with rubble and sand. Of course, this work is quite voluminous and takes a lot of time.

The funds spent on these actions are also quite noticeably hitting the budget, increasing the total cost of the structure.

When choosing a septic for a summer residence, it is necessary to study the entire review of the models provided and to get acquainted with all their characteristics in detail.

Compare the designs, find out which option is the most suitable for you, and if its price is too high, find more inexpensive alternatives.