The foundation under the stove - rules and advice for his strong "health"

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The foundation for the furnace does not forgive errors

Zero cycle works traditionally "eat" 25-30% of the total construction budget. A lot, right? But saving here is not appropriate, since a healthy "root" is the guarantee of the integrity of the whole "plant".

The foundation for the furnace is made in the form of a solid base plate, and it should not be connected to the base of the building itself. But its depth depends on three main factors:

  • the height of the aquifer;
  • type of soil;
  • level of soil freezing.

All these data are extracted during the geological exploration of the site, when specialists by drilling control wells receive soil and water samples and make appropriate analyzes. The procedure is paid( from $ 50), so many self-delinquents risk building "by eye" or are guided by popular methods( for example, a frame of arms).To guess is not always, so the weak foundation under the stove shows its "discontent" with such symptoms:

  1. Through cracks in the body.
  2. Partial destruction of individual parts of the masonry.
  3. Chimney integrity violation.

The main feature of the listed defects - failure is not amenable to repair .After the restoration of the furnace, cracks and landslides are repeated, which directly indicates an incorrectly laid foundation. That's when you remember the "kind" word about your pseudo-savings - yes late."Gentle" repair of furnaces from a brick with a weak foundation can not be carried out. I'll have to completely demolish the unit and remodel it again.

How to make a foundation for an oven?

For those who are afraid of the complexity of the work of the zero cycle, it is useful to recall how hard our ancestors worked at this stage: they harvested massive logs and manually drove them to each other in order to achieve the right support for their "wet nurse".

Now in the arsenal of samodelkin there are two available ways to get a strong foundation for a brick oven:

  1. Assembly of the plate. Small building blocks or ceramic bricks are used as construction materials.
  2. Filling the plate. The base is formed from a concrete mortar into which a rigid frame of river bunk or iron reinforcement is introduced.

Filled monolithic slab is the cheapest and reliable way to equip the foundation under the Russian stove-sauna heater. Its seamless design perfectly protects the foundation from encroachments from seasonal soil "disturbances", and compared to the prefabricated option, the zero cycle budget is reduced by an average of 30%.Yes, and the laying of a foundation slab of brick or blocks requires the verified actions of the builder-mason.

There are disadvantages to the monolith: the cooker should stand at least three weeks at rest. In principle, such a delay in construction is not a problem. For example, if the foundation for a sauna oven is being settled, during the technical break the builders are engaged in finishing work in the steam room.

As you want to make the foundation under the furnace more quickly, many builders use special additives in concrete, which allow to significantly accelerate the plate hardening( up to 7 days).

Instructions for a self-made machine how to make a foundation for the

furnace. To describe the progress of work, we chose a monolithic furnace foundation reinforced with reinforcing bars, since this kind of base is the most popular among self-builders. Remember, the baseplate should be 5 cm wider than the stove.

  1. Preparing the pit for the foundation. The dimensions of the excavation are further increased by another 15-20 cm. This stock is needed for the correct laying of the formwork and the filtering side layer made of crushed stone, brick bricks and sand. The depth of the pit is calculated according to geo-prospecting( an allowance is added for the filter cushions).
  2. We lay a sand pillow under the foundation of .At the bottom of the pit, a 15-centimeter layer of sand is filled, which is carefully rammed. To prevent shrinkage, it is spilled with water until the filling level ceases to decrease. In the process of compacting sand should be poured to the desired level.
  3. We lay the gravel filter for the foundation. On the compacted sand pour a 20-centimeter layer of crushed stone, mixed with brick bricks and small stones. Stone "carpet" is slightly sprinkled with sand mixture to fill the voids formed in it. For better penetration of the sand inside, you also need water. Then lay a 10-centimeter layer of finer gravel and cover the resulting filtering "pillow" with a double layer of roofing material.
  4. Installation of formwork. On the perimeter of the pit a solid plywood( or board) "fence" is installed, which is reinforced with a support every 50 cm. Between the edge of the excavation and the formwork should remain a minimum of 10 cm of free space.
  5. Bookmark reinforcement mesh. The bottom of the pit is poured with concrete( the starting layer is 4-5 cm), which will serve as a support for the "skeleton" of the foundation. As soon as it seizes, pre-bonded reinforcing meshes are placed in the pit( there are ready-made sets on sale).
  6. Filling the solution .Concrete is prepared in such a proven proportion: cement - 1, sand - 3, crushed stone - 5 and water. Before pouring the solution thoroughly moisten the formwork, in order to prevent the absorption of water by a tree of concrete. The working mixture is poured in layers( 20 cm), gradually reaching the zero mark of the plate. Each layer is carefully beaten with a chopper to expel air bubbles from the solution. The top of the plate is carefully leveled and after the first setting cover with a tarpaulin( roofing paper).

During all three weeks, the stove foundation should be hidden from the sun and periodically moistened.

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