How to make drainage around the house and why is it important?
It often happens that people, having built a private house and making a waterproofing, think that they have protected their basement or basement from groundwater. And the truth is, in the case when the soil on which the house is built consists mainly of sand, the probability is high that it will be so.
Unfortunately, most private houses in our country are built on clay and loamy soils, besides with a high level of groundwater, well, if the site is in the lowland, then it may even have puddles of water even in summer.
But the worst starts in the winter, when the water pressing on the foundation, under the influence of negative temperatures begins to freeze and destroy the waterproofing.
In the spring, after a mass melting of snow, the cellar, as a rule, starts to be heated up, and every year it's stronger, and on the walls there is a fungus and mold. And only then the owner understands that he has nothing left, and it is necessary to make drainage, which serves to drain excess water.
Drain the house with your own hands - what are we dealing with?
Drainage systems are divided into three types.
- Open .Drainage occurs with the help of open ditches about half a meter wide and 0.5-0.7 meters deep. The main advantage is that drainage around the house with your own hands is quite easy. However, open ditches greatly spoil the appearance of the site, not to mention the fact that they can accidentally fall.
- Backfilling .In this drainage system, ditches are routed to a depth of 0.5-1.5 m, they are filled with buta, large rubble, broken brick and covered with a top with turf. The advantages of this system include high durability( especially after the appearance of geotextiles), but the main disadvantage is the impossibility of maintenance during operation.
- Closed .Dehumidification is carried out using pipes laid in a layer of crushed stone, which is poured into pits up to two meters deep. This method is the most common, without the disadvantages of the previous options. We will consider it.
Drainage with our own hands - take on the work of
In order to make drainage around the house with our own hands, we will need the following tools: shovel, wheelbarrow, metal hacksaw, bubble level, manual tamping.
The device for drainage around the house with your own hands begins with the digging of ditches surrounding the foundation, and they should be 10-20 cm below the depth of its occurrence and a width of about half a meter. The corners for proper pipe laying should be rounded.
Further from this trench dig a ditch towards the lowest point of the site, where we dig a hole and install a plastic drainage well. The slope of the bottom of the ditch should be reduced by at least 10 mm per 1 meter towards the lowest point to ensure drainage by gravity.
Then we pour 5 cm of sand onto the bottom of the trench, not forgetting about the gradient, and carefully compact it. We spread geo-textiles along the entire length of the ditch at the bottom and walls, at the junction points of which we make a 15-20 cm overlap.
Next operation we pour rubble on it with a thickness of 10 cm, again not forgetting the slope, and slightly ramming it, It is laid perforated pipe, if necessary, in the junction areas, reinforcing it with a special tape. In two opposite corners of the house we install inspection wells, into which by means of fittings we join pipes, then we will need them to determine the level of water and to eliminate blockages.
Then we fill the pipe with rubble from the calculation that its total layer will be about 40 cm, and wrap our geotextiles on it, completely closing the rubble from the ground and preventing its siltation. Over it in a similar way we lay a storm sewer pipe. It is made without perforation, and the water in the tube comes from the docking dive.
Next, both pipes are conducted to the lowest point and join the drainage well, from which, in turn, we remove the drain pipe into the roadside ditch. After this, we fill the trench with ground to the ground level and cover everything with carefully cut ground beforehand. Thanks to this instruction, you now know the answer to the question of how to properly make drainage at home.
