Gas welding machines
Gas welding machines are the very first instruments of their kind. These systems appeared in the XIX century and quickly spread in various spheres of the construction industry. The principle of operation of such units is that, due to the reaction that occurs by combining sodium carbide and water, acetylene gas is released, which, when burned, can reach a temperature of 3100 degrees Celsius. When this temperature is reached, the metal melts and a molecular all-in-one connection of the metal parts takes place. Also for this type of welding is the use of ready-made acetylene in cylinders.
So, let's consider in more detail the main types of welding machines based on the combustion of acetylene.
First of all it is necessary to specify that they are stationary and portable. Stationary units are used in large shops, where a large number of welds are constantly required. For example, at a pipe or car-building plant. Portable same acetylene generators are used in smaller assembly works. As an example, you can lead to the creation of a heating system or various structures of metal.
Welding machines give high reliability of fastening and durability. The minus of such a system: acetylene generators are very explosive, so their use requires high energy costs, as well as skilled personnel. At negligent use of gas welding, a rather large accident can happen.
Electric wheeled vehicles for welding
This type of welding produces the melting of metal by means of an electric arc. To get it, you can use different settings. For example, a wheeled or caterpillar unit, or a portable device. In this section we are talking about a mobile device on wheeled or caterpillar tracks.
These welding systems are used to fasten metal in hard-to-reach places, for example on heating mains and more voluminous pipelines. The units are produced with reinforcement by frames and can be used both in a stationary mode and at outcrops. The design of the device includes a generator on gasoline or diesel fuel. The gasoline device can have a power of 5-15 kW.Diesel is the same - from 5 to 25 kW with air cooling and up to 500 kW with water.
The price for such a welding system starts from 300 thousand rubles. Foreign analogs can reach in price figures more than a million.
Among the devices of this type can be identified ADD4004 and Italian MOSA.
Inverters for welding
In the modern world of welding technology, there are units, for the use of which not necessarily the presence of generators giving high voltage and rectifiers. Such devices operate on the network, which provides great convenience of their use. This type of welding units is called an inverter.
Compact welding devices operating from the network gradually replace large and powerful machines due to their ease of use. But, despite the fact that they are small-size, their arrangement is rather difficult. It is the complexity of the system that allows you to maintain compact dimensions at a perceptible power.
In the process of operation, an electric current of 220 volts is converted to a constant voltage, and then to an alternating current with a frequency of 200 kHz. Also, when the electrode is touched, an additional impulse is created to the working surface, which makes it easier to save the welding arc. For safety reasons, in the event of a short circuit, the arc voltage is temporarily switched off.
When choosing an inverter welding machine for your needs, you should pay attention to the mode of operation that you plan to follow. If conducting welding works is meant for eight hours or more, it is worth to purchase a professional apparatus. But in the case where short-term welding is planned, the household inverter will work well enough to operate with a voltage of 160 V.
Among the companies that produce inverters are: Fubag, Helvi, Cedar.
Plasma welding
The most modern and effective welding option is plasma welding. It is used for welding and cutting even a thick layer of metal. The design of this unit can be characterized as follows:
- The arc compressed in the cross section is in a plasmatron with cooled walls
- A plasma-forming gas is also fed there, which is ionized by the
- arc temperature. As a result of this process, a plasma arc is formed. The temperature of the active arc can reach 30,000 degrees Celsius.
It is worth highlighting several high-quality plasma welding units popular in today's market:
- Plasma 2007 M is a welding machine in which plasma is formed by means of water vapor. The boundary temperature of the arc is 7000 degrees. Consumes up to 2 kW.When purchasing, spare nozzles are also supplied with the device.
- Plasma welding machine Gorynych - generator with an electric arc, the design of which includes two devices: a power unit and a burner. The boundary temperature is 7000 degrees. The diameter of the nozzle is 1 mm in length. The weight of the device is 700 g.
- Multiplaz-3500 is a multifunctional device, through which it will be possible to weld, solder, cut various metals and not only. The device can cut materials that gas and electric welding can not handle. These materials are: brick, concrete, titanium, aluminum, high-alloy steel. The boundary temperature of work is 8000 degrees.
