The device of interfloor overlapping - what does it consist of?
Overlap is one of the most indispensable elements of a building and is intended for its division into floors. It must meet the necessary conditions for good load-bearing capacity, rigidity, minimum deflection, sound and heat insulation inside the structure. This design is famous for its low cost and availability.
The device of inter-floor wooden floor can be produced in one working day without any construction equipment. For buildings with this type of overlap does not require the construction of a complex foundation. But as regards the disadvantages of this design, they can be attributed to high fire hazard, the risk of decay and poor adhesion to the bearing elements of the building.
It is also worth noting that, due to the low strength of the material, this overlap can not withstand too high loads, and therefore beams longer than 4.5 m can not be installed without additional supporting supports.
Overlapping floors - types and classification
Wooden flooring of the first floor should be done with additional waterproofing and leave a layer of air for ventilation. This will keep its design intact for a long time. Wooden flooring of the second floor and subsequent after it with the device does not require additional insulation due to the fact that the temperature inside the house is about the same. It is enough to perform only sound insulation.
Wooden floor interlining has its classification .They can be made on wooden trusses or beams made of metal or wood. The first species was used until the second half of the XIX century.for large spans of stone and brick buildings. Intermediate ceilings on wooden beams can be found in old pre-revolutionary brick and stone buildings( the so-called "stalinkas"), private and wooden houses.
The third kind can also be seen in stone and brick buildings. At the same time it is more reliable, therefore it is used for major repairs of structures with wooden beams and farms.
Wooden floors between floors - special features of the application
The structure of the ceilings on wooden beams has load-bearing elements in the form of rectangular beams of coniferous wood without flaws and defects, the size of the cross-section varies depending on the size of the span and the load on them. Can be used and I-beams glued from the beams of the beam, the support for which are their lower shelves.
Beams must be impregnated with antiseptics and cleaned from the bark, while their ends should be protected with a ruberoid. The distance between the beams is filled with a wooden multilayer or single-layered shield, which must be supported on the boards by the top layer of planks.
Sound insulation of these floors is provided by a clay-sand lubricant of a two-centimeter thickness and a layer of slag with sand. This type of structure has several uses. It can be an interfloor overlapping in a wooden house and a stone structure.
Overlapping between floors on wooden farms is used to build large buildings of gyms and shops due to its stability. Also, their use is advisable in the reconstruction and reinforcement of overlaps already existing.
Typically, farms are made to order, so mounting them directly on site does not take much time. They are made from a planed high-quality board. To extend the life of the elements of the trusses, do not place their parts in the insulation layer.
Wooden floors on steel beams have load-bearing elements in the form of I-beams and channels with a distance between axes of 1.2 m. They can be laid and on their own, as to fill the space between them wooden boards are used. At the same time, the consumption of steel is quite high, which makes the arrangement of such an overlap more expensive than on wooden beams.
