Gable roof with own hands

The most popular construction in house building is a gable roof. The simplicity and efficiency of the frame is an undeniable advantage in comparison with other types of roofs. Knowing the purpose of the structural elements and understanding their functional significance, it is possible to undertake the arrangement of the gable roof itself.

It is necessary to make very precise calculations and to adhere strictly to the drawings when assembling. Pay special attention to the angles of inclination, inserts and fasteners. Chimneys, exhaust pipes and other structural elements passing through the roof are sealed with a special frost-resistant mounting foam.

Construction technical elements of the gable roof

Gable roofs in the design are of two types - layered and with hanging rafters. In the construction of a layered roof, a log is installed, the rafters are strengthened by risers and struts. The frame with hanging rafters is simpler, it has long spans and rafter legs are connected only by a long beam.

1. Mauerlat are the support beams located on the upper row of the wall from the longitudinal side of the building. To the Mauerlat are fastened rafter legs, which are divergent from the ridge. As a Mauerlat, logs of at least 25 cm in diameter or planed beams measuring 25x25 cm are used.
2. A rafting leg forming the main triangular frame of a gable roof is made from a board. Depending on the design load, a board of not less than 50x150 mm is used, the heavier the roofing material, the thicker the rafter leg. On the rafters, the crate is packed, on which the roofing cloth is fastened.
3. A horse is a longitudinal horizontal beam at the top point of a roof. From the ridge the rafters of the supporting legs diverge to the Mauerlat.
4. Overhang of the roof - the release of the rafter for the perimeter of the main walls of the house to prevent the walls from getting wet during the rain.
5. Bollards - connecting beams from the edge of the overhang to the wall of the house. Served as a framework for the undercover and sealing of the roof during the finishing works.
6. Lien - longitudinal beam parallel to the beams of the Mauerlat, laid on the end walls of the capital. Serves to evenly distribute the load to the common roof frame.
7. Racks - vertical supporting beams connecting the skate with a tightening or resting in a leg. Short additional supports go from the rafters to the tightening.
8. Braces - additional fixing boards, located at an angle. They give stability to the vertical posts and strengthen the overall structure of the gable roof.
9. Tightening - horizontal joist connecting the Mauerlat and forming a triangular frame.
10. Rims - longitudinal boards sewn on rafter legs. They serve as the basis for roofing material. Depending on the type of roof, the crate is made solid or sparse, with the necessary step for fastening.

Roofing materials for gable roof

Roofing materials have certain characteristics and differences in price, durability and quality. You should take into account the shape, color, weight, cost and reliability of the material. It is quite realistic to make a beautiful and solid gable roof photos, which you see on the Internet.

1. Slate is an inexpensive and durable material that does not require painting. It is fireproof, but it has considerable weight and fragility. Over time, the slate darkens, can become covered with fungus or grow with moss.
2. Roof tiles are the ideal, proven age for the roof. Natural shingles are very expensive and it is desirable to lay the styling to a specialist. There are many different in form and color types of metal. It is a durable and plastic material with decent TTX and a corresponding quality at a price.
3. Roofing iron or corrugated board, available in painted or galvanized without painting. It is light and easy to use material, thickness from 0.5 to 1.2 mm, but it has a high thermal conductivity. Therefore, the roof of the corrugated board is insulated during installation.
4. Soft roofing - rarely used for roofing a house with a gable roof. The ruberoid or rubimaster creeps on a continuous crate. As such a crate, a moisture resistant OSB plate can be used. Rubimast is not exactly suitable material for wooden roof gable roofs. Its direct purpose for flat concrete roofs and it is laid down by the method of hot fusing.

Assembling a roofing frame for a gable roof

Draw the outline of a gable roof frame, a dimension calculation will be necessary to determine the required number of materials.

1. Preparation for the installation of a gable roof occurs during the erection of the house box. In the upper row of the walls, metal fastening studs with a diameter of at least 10 mm and with an estimated height of 3 cm above the thickness of the Mauerlate, for the washer and nut are embedded. Before fastening the beams of Mauerlate to the studs, they are treated with antiseptic, and under them two layers of roofing material are laid.
2. Having a gable roof project, it is possible to start its arrangement, strictly adhering to the drawing. All kinds of rafters are assembled and fastened on the ground, and then mounted on the main walls. When installing a gable roof with hanging rafters, two end triangular structures are assembled. Exhibited in the extreme places of the end walls and connected by a ridge beam. Next, the rafters are sewn in steps of 0.7 to 1.2 meters.
3. For installation of an inclined rafter structure, a mold is installed. The beam is placed and fixed in the center of the end walls and is parallel to both the Mauerlat and the ridge. The leg and the skate are spliced ​​by the supports, which are fixed by the sloping boards. All connections are bolted and additionally fixed with special roofing clips. In some places a metal corner is used for fixing.
4. Depending on the type and weight of the roofing material, a solid or thin crate is made. The spaced lath is sewed with nails in steps of 10 cm to half a meter. For it, you can use and unedged board, cleared from the bark. It is important that the board is of equal thickness and evenly distributed over the roof plane. For a continuous crate, waterproof boards of particleboard, OSB or plywood are used. Mount better self-tapping wood.

Thermal insulation, waterproofing and vapor barrier of the gable roof

When designing a gable roof, it is necessary to take into account the insulation and vapor barrier. Especially necessary for the insulation of roofs from the metal profile.

1. For thick insulation and waterproofing, a thick half-film is used. The roll starts to roll out from the lower part of the rafters and is fastened with a thin strip on the edges of the end rafter legs. The next row is laid out with an overlap of 20-30 cm, and so row after row to the ridge. On the ridge you can make a lap slightly more and from both sides of the pitched roof. The crate is stuffed on top of the film.
2. If the height of the attic space allows, then the insulation is made after roofing works from the inside. For a heater choose a light material, polystyrene or mineral wool in plates or rolls. Free space between the rafters is filled with a heater and is padded with boards, as well as a crate.

The final stage of the work is the sewing of pediments and the overhang of roof overhangs over the filly. This refers to the finishing works and you can use different materials. Not just a plank, but also siding, plastic lining, plywood or OSB.