Meet: "multi-faceted" foundation blocks FBS
This building material is a concrete "bricks" of different calibers, reinforced from the inside with a reinforcing cage. They are produced in the plant of concrete products by strict "approved" prescriptions, all products are appropriately labeled GOST.
Three letters "FBS" in the code of the goods mean that you have a solid reinforced concrete block of wall type( solid and without holes) in the right rectangular shape. In the assortment of factory products of concrete products, it is possible to select other elements for building the base of the building: U-shaped - FBP, with holes - VBW, pillow blocks - FL.There is a standard set of each product group with clearly defined parameters and the degree of the load withstand.
All linear characteristics of the reinforced concrete block are hidden in the digital code. For example: FBS-12.6.6 - means that it is a solid wall unit with a length of 120 cm( 12.), a width and a height of 60 cm( 6.6).
Technical properties are indicated for the whole batch of products and are expressed by three indicators:
- density;
- strength;
- frost resistance.
When the construction of a foundation of FBS blocks requires special dimensions and technical properties of the material, the developers order their own batch of "cubes" at the enterprises with the required parameters and "stuffing".
Now we will touch on the specifics of working with this concrete products. Installation of foundation blocks is carried out according to all the rules of brickwork: the seaming of adjacent rows, the correct orientation of the elements relative to each other. Especially scrupulously, the first support row of elements is laid, for which a strictly horizontal mounting platform is required.
Laying foundation blocks is carried out on a sand-cement mortar or special glue. Most often preference is given to the first variant of the binder, kneading it before use directly on the site. The laying of blocks for glue will cost more, but there is no trouble with the selection of components for the optimal recipe of the working solution. The dry mix is simply diluted with water at the manufacturer's specified proportion.
All the pros and cons of building a foundation of blocks FBS
The list of positive qualities of the foundation of blocks FBS is quite impressive:
- Speed of construction. In fact, the foundation of foundation blocks is a monolithic sole pre-cut into pieces, the elements of which can be quickly folded into the desired geometric shape.
- Reliability of .The working parts of the base are made in the factory, where all stages of the "birth" of the material are controlled by "smart" machines. Calculation of foundation blocks( density of reinforcing mesh, solution recipe) are also constant and constant constants for each type of assortment line.
- Versatility. From the factory foundation blocks you can assemble the foundation of any complexity. Building materials are used to equip huge high-rise buildings and small buildings. The range includes products for the mechanized and manual work of the team of builders.
- Thoughtfulness. Massive foundation blocks are equipped with a system of special loops, which facilitate the mechanized laying of elements in pits. Products of the same caliber are fitted to each other, they are provided with mounting grooves for tight fitting.
- Stress-resistance. Elements, seasoned with special additives, are suitable for installation in acidic or "ice" soils( for example, in permafrost conditions).For the exact calculation of the required for the construction of foundation blocks use the standard tables approved in SNiP.
And now we will walk through the shortcomings of the high-speed "sole" in order to objectively evaluate the benefits of this method of construction. Installation of foundation blocks FBS is associated with such difficulties:
- Expensive. The columnar or tape prefabricated foundation will cost an average of 35-40% more expensive than a monolith. For the speed will have to pay extra.
- Hydraulic protection. After installation of foundation blocks, it is necessary to perform their thorough waterproofing( double layer).The combined "sole" reacts very restlessly to excess moisture.
- Warming. Masonry seams additionally protect from "freezing", because excess "stresses" are fatal for the binder solution. For example, the insulation of the base with expanded polystyrene will perfectly protect the weak points of the masonry and extend the service life of the prefabricated basement.
A good example: the column foundation of the blocks with their own hands
Of course, it is impossible to move huge foundation blocks with one's own hands. But for samostroya there is an optimum size of concrete cubes 20 /20/ 40 cm, which weighs only 30 kg. They are used for high-speed construction of columnar foundation( curbstone 40 × 40 cm) for light structures( log cabin, garage, hangar, etc.).
Installation of FBS blocks for this type of popular "sole" is performed in this way:
- Dig the required number of pits under the thumbs( depending on the weight of the building), carefully level them in depth.
- At the bottom lay a filter "pillow" of 15 cm of sand and 5 cm of rubble. Layers are properly rammed, leveled and poured with bituminous mastic( 2 times).At this stage, it is important to recheck the depth of the holes.
- Install two "dice" FBS, butt by sand-cement mortar( the thickness of the seam - no more than 10 mm).
- Installation of the next row of foundation blocks is carried out according to the brickwork system, that is, perpendicular to the previous pair of elements.
- The process continues until the desired height is reached. To check their level use the marking from the ropes stretched between the pits.
This method allows one day to erect a base for a light building and, after 2-3 days after completion of the finishing( waterproofing, insulation) continue further construction work.
