Advantages and disadvantages of a monolithic house made of concrete
First let's list the advantages of a monolithic building:
- A monolithic house due to its construction has a special strength
- Due to its monolithicity there are no cold bridges in the walls of the house and therefore the heat will remain longer in the room.
- Anothera distinctive feature of this house is a significant noise insulation
- When designing, you can use different geometric shapes, because the concrete is poured into the frame when building walls, and efrom the frame you can make any form you like
- The relatively small financial cost of building
- The high speed of construction
- When used in pouring light mixtures, does not require a strong foundation deepening
- Thanks to uniform casting, the appearance of cracks in the construction goes to zero
- To build a monolithic concrete househands can be at any time of the year
And now let's move on to the list of shortcomings:
- For the whole house you need a grounding, since the walls are made with a metal armor
- When constructing walls with fixed formwork, it is necessary to take into account that it is necessary to do supply and exhaust ventilation, otherwise the house will not breathe.
- For pouring at a height, you need a concrete pump that costs a lot of money. Therefore, when building a house with two or more floors, you need to take into account the fact that without this concrete pump you can not do
- The large labor costs go to the welding of the framework for all the features of the project, and the work becomes much more laborious when the concrete overlap of the
- is required.the use of expanded polystyrene is used to create a permanent formwork, and it generates a large amount of toxic substances harmful to health during combustion. This is definitely worth considering and plastering the walls in the construction site with a fixed formwork
Monolithic house with own hands
To create the project of the future monolithic structure and to choose between a removable and non-removable formwork it is necessary proceeding from many factors. These include your region of residence, the location on which the construction is expected, and your other personal preferences.
The most convenient option is a fixed formwork, since a monolithic house in this case is built on the principle of "lego".Most often, hollow blocks made of polystyrene are chosen as a fixed form. On the foundation is placed the first row of blocks, in the hollows is laid the reinforcement for greater strength. Then the empty space is poured with a concrete mixture. After the mixture has dried, a second row of blocks is placed, which is also reinforced by the reinforcement and filled with a mixture. This procedure is repeated until the desired height of the walls.
As a concrete mixture can be used keramzitobeton, aerated concrete, arbolite, cinderblock, perlite concrete. A change in the type of concrete can be differentiated between different properties of walls, such as vapor permeability, total weight, heat preservation and so on.
Simplicity in construction in this way can be very alarming, but there are no "buts" here. Having built the walls with fixed formwork, you save on additional insulation of the walls, create excellent sound insulation, and eventually get a solid monolithic design.
With formwork, things are not much more complicated. To begin with, a framework is created based on the prepared project. For the formwork that is attached to the frame, materials such as wood, iron, plastic and plywood are most often used. The distance between the walls of the formwork should be equal to the thickness of your future monolithic wall.
When the frame is assembled and welded, and the formwork is firmly and tightly sewn to it, it is possible to start pouring. Here, in one approach, about 40 cm of concrete should be poured. And after each approach, let it freeze for about 24 hours. Then we raise the formwork to the next level and fill it in the same way.
To the note. Particular attention should be paid to the compaction of concrete, this procedure is performed by a special construction vibrator. The most important thing is to compact concrete at the corners and bends in the structure, in order to increase the strength of the structure.
After the walls are erected, you need to give them time to dry completely. This time is in the range of 4-5 weeks. Also, during this time, the walls sit down a bit, and you can not rush to continue building. If you create an additional load, for example by erecting a roof or simply a frame for a roof, then the wall construction can crack or slightly slant.
To the note. When the sun is intense, moisten the concrete walls with water. Otherwise, concrete will quickly shrink and crack. Best of all, when the concrete slowly and gradually dries.
Thermal insulation of walls
When building with non-removable formwork, you can not pay much attention to this procedure. It is enough to plaster the walls, make them fireproof. But with a removable formwork you need to decide which method will be better for you to use. You can make simple insulation with the help of warm plaster or glass wool, but the most successful method is a well facade.
Under the well facade is meant the facade brick facade at a small distance from the monolithic wall, after which the remaining distance between the masonry and the monolith is covered with a heater. This method will be the most optimal, as the house acquires breathable qualities, that is, in the summer it will be resistant to heating, and in winter to freezing. And this means that in winter the walls will keep warm, and in summer they will keep a pleasant chill.
List of materials
Having read all of the above, the question arises, what materials during construction will be needed? And to this question the best answer will be a complete list of the necessary materials, which includes:
- Components of the concrete mix( for each situation they will be different, this is chosen based on the territorial factors and the climate in which the construction will be carried out).
- Boilers and equipment for batching concreteFilling
- Fittings for reinforcement
- Metal parts for frame
- Bolts, nuts, studs
- Material for removable formwork( steel, aluminum, wood, plastic)
- Material for fixed formwork( hollow bOka foamed polystyrene)
- grid or a thin reinforcement for the reinforcement( reinforcement is to increase structural strength)
