What is a frame building and how is its walls insulated?
Frame house belongs to the category of high-speed buildings, as it grows on the site for only a few weeks. And during this time builders manage to erect not just a "naked" lifeless box of a house, but a ready-to-move residential complex.
The secret is hidden in the peculiarities of the structure of this structure. After the completion of the work of the zero cycle, a wooden rigid "skeleton" made of timber is built on the support, completely imitating the shape of the future building. On both sides it is clad with massive OSB-plates( compressed from three differently oriented layers of chips), and a gap is placed in the formed slot, protected by steam and wind blasters.
Do the insulation of frame walls from the inside or outside, in fact, there is no difference, which side to begin the process of laying an effective "puff", the main thing is to follow its correct order. As a warm effective ball in the system are:
- Mineral wool
- Steklovata
- Foamed plastic
- Styrofoam
In principle, the insulation of walls from inside the frame house is also equipped with: wood shavings, felts and even straw - but as it is technologically difficult and not profitable, folk methods did not withstand competition with modern insulators convenient for work. To date, the most popular options for the "wireframe" are foam plastic and mineral wool, about the features of mounting which we will tell in more detail.
Frame house from the inside and outside can be covered not only with OSB plates, but this material is ideal for this technology in terms of its technical characteristics and linear dimensions, and when insulating it significantly strengthens the insulating "shield" of the structure.
How to insulate frame walls with mineral wool?
Mineral wall insulation is the best option for a frame-type wooden building. The insulator does not burn, it protects the household not only from the cold, but also from unnecessary sounds, and its natural origin fits perfectly into the strict framework of the eco-security of the future home.
The main task of the builder is to properly protect the cotton insulator from negative atmospheric phenomena( especially, the "dew point").Excellent characteristics of mineral wool quickly fade under the influence of moisture, so to ensure its free "breathing" in the wall layer to be constructed, a ventilation gap is necessarily provided.
Here is the correct sequence of work on the insulation of the frame walls with a miniplant:
- Inner cladding of the frame OSB-plates. The wooden skeleton of the building is internally sheathed so that the plates dock on bearing beams and overlap the horizontal straps. Between these sheets must leave a gap of 5 mm. In the future, the walls of the internal premises are covered with vapor barrier membrane and finishing finish( plasterboard, lining, etc.).
- Installation of mineral wool. In the exterior of the frame cell, the insulation is laid in several layers( only in the form of slabs with a density of 50 kg / m3), each ball necessarily overlapping the joints of the previous one. Thus, from the inside, the mineral layer of the skeleton wall insulator consists of three layers: 10 cm + 5 cm + 5 cm( thickness calculation is selected individually for each region).Moreover, the last ball is installed by means of a horizontally filled lath to cover the supporting frames of the frame, which are cold bridges in the construction.
- Windscreen membrane packing. On the outside, the insulated walls of the frame house are covered with a special membrane film, whose vapor permeability is not less than 800 g / m2.Fix it overlap with a construction stapler.
- Arrangement of a ventilated gap. Over the membrane, a lath with a thickness of bars of not less than 5 cm is filled. The higher the wall, the wider the ventilation gap between the film and the further wall covering.
- Exterior cladding of the frame with OSB-plates. On top of a wooden crate, the OSP-board is attached in the manner specified above.
It remains only to finish the exterior decoration of the facade of the frame house. For this purpose, a siding or a simple wooden board is often used.
How is the insulation of the frame house made of polystyrene foam?
A polymer insulator is not the best "neighbor" for a wooden structure. Warming of frame walls with polystyrene is highly undesirable, especially if you want to fill the honeycombs of the "skeleton" yourself in the manner described above. Even on straight sections it will be possible to correctly lay solid material, but on complex reliefs of walls the installation of foam plastic will be very problematic.
For the insulation of the walls of the frame house with a polymer insulator it is more reliable and more convenient to use ready-made factory "shields"( OSB-plate + foam plastic + OSB-plate), which are then inserted into the wooden "skeleton" of the building under construction. This is a skeleton-panel technology for assembling a structure, which has another name - the Canadian house.
Extruded polystyrene foam with self-extinguishing properties is used to fill the boards. An important point in the panel assembly of the house is the reliable sealing of the joints of the structure. To do this, use a special frost-resistant foam.
With this scheme of warming the frame house it is desirable to cover the internal walls of the premises with plasterboard, and the facade - plaster. This will increase the level of fire safety of the finished house.