Roof for a private home. Types of roofs structures

Combined type of country house roof

Forms roofs for private houses, photos of which can be found on the Internet differ a surprising variety. Numerous models of structures can be the basis for bold ideas and to help determine the choice. Modern private house roof projects can realize the most original ideas in any style.

Before settling on optimal variant of the roof of a private house, should be familiar with existing forms and the design of the roofs. The main criteria, which classifies different types of roofs are:

• roof pitch;
• construction shape;
• roof material.

The choice of a roof structure depends on many factors, such as the climate in the region

How perfect a particular type of roof for the house depends on the proper selection of all three options. The main factor influencing the design of the roof, a climatic zone. The climate and will influence the design of the slope, the shape and the choice of roofing material. It makes no sense to build a roof with a slight slope in an area where a large number of falls snowfall they will accumulate and destroy the structure.

Flat roofs are relatively inexpensive to implement, as in this case would require a minimum cost of materials and work on arrangement. I do not worry that the roof will break the wind. Many flat roofs equip additional outdoor spaces for different needs. But keep in mind that rainfall will spoil a roof, forming puddles on the surface.

In the modern design of houses you can often find a combination of different types of roofs

Useful advice! To provide a flat construction natural drainage of water, it is recommended to pour a small angle interlayer expanded clay.

There is also a division of the roofs on the unexploited and exploited the attic and built-up. Operated roof is just used as grounds for recreation and sports, covering them with a special material. The area of ​​a roof, as a rule, equal to the area of ​​the house, so many owners think about the rational use of the space. A serious disadvantage is the vulnerability of the coating from the precipitation.

When laying metal maximum inclination angle is not normalized, and the minimum is 15 °

Called attic construction, when the distance between the ceiling and the roof surface is not greater than 1.5 m. Generally, the space under a roof exploited for technical purposes. Built-up roofs are used when there is the idea to use the space under the roof as the living room - the attic. Besides this extra floor can be built over the existing home.

In a large group of isolated species roofs of geometric shape and the number of rays. Pitched roof called, if the angle of tilt exceeds 10 °. Roofs are available with one, two and four ramps. More sophisticated designs have combined rays - a tent, mnogoschiptsovye roof. Less commonly found in private construction domed or conical models. Roof, including several different forms, called combined.

Operated roof type: flat surface undeveloped area for recreation

Types of roofs for private houses: select the optimum bias

Depending on the slope of the roof distinguish the flat and pitched. Understand sloped angle of slope relative to the horizontal line. It is measured in degrees or as a percentage of the height of the roof to the length of the span. Thus, the 100% corresponds to the slope 45 °. For convenience, the translation of these indicators, a special table.

The main reason why the bias suit - timely retraction of rainfall from the roof. Roof with a slight slope (to 1%) will often leak and be uncomfortable owners. In addition, in terms of design the surface of the roof does not look aesthetically pleasing for private homes. Photo of flat roofs indicate that most of these structures are used to change houses, garages and outbuildings.

The table of correspondence degree angle of the percentage of the slope of the roof:

In addition to the rain, the roof affects the wind. By increasing the slope at 20-30 ° wind load increases by 5 times. And if the slope is small, the flow of wind into the roof can penetrate through the coating and the joints easily disrupt the structure. With the help of a competent project picked up the roof of a private house, you can get the right angle of the slope and to avoid the possible consequences of the disaster.

Useful advice! When selecting roofing embodiment should be considered that the maximum value of the snow on the roof of the load is achieved when the deviation is 30 °. To the roof were able to self-clean, the slope should be 45 °.

Pent roof is often elevated to the garages, outbuildings, huts

In order to properly determine the required slope, it is necessary to calculate the ratio of the ridge to ½ the width of the house. The resulting value is multiplied by 100 - this will be the magnitude of the slope. For the convenience of determining the angle of inclination of the roof of professional builders use special calculations and graphs. They can easily be found on the Internet. With regard to the costs for the construction of the roof, the greater the slope, the more expensive it will cost construction.

Related article:

Pent roof with their hands steps: mounting features. Advantages and disadvantages pent roof structure. The choice of materials, their preparation and calculation of the required number. The angle of inclination of the ramp.

Despite the fact that the construction of pitched roofs are more expensive for each developer in priority will be reliability of the roof, rather than its construction costs. Thus, the right kind of private house roof is sloped model. The slope of such a roof will be caused by wind and snow load on the structure and attractive appearance. In addition, the tilt angle is determined using a particular roofing. Styling of each type of material manufacturing companies recommend an appropriate bias.

Roof with steep slopes strong gusts of wind can knock over, with flat - lift

Using roofing depending on roof slope

That the roof has become a reliable protection for the home, in the selection of roofing necessary to consider the angle of rays:

• Slate (asbestos cement corrugated sheets) - this coating can be used for roof pitch of 13 to 60 °. If the inclination angle is less than 13 °, into the joints will seep water, and in winter - clogged with snow. This will significantly reduce the life of the roof;
• ceramic tiles - optimum bias for this material lies in the range from 30 to 60 °. When laying such tiles on the roof, the deviation which is less than 25 °, should perform steps to improve ventilation and waterproofing;
• metal - the popularity of this material for the roof of a private house (photos confirm it) is very high. In addition to many advantages when laying metal maximum angle of inclination is not standardized. Minimum slope of - 15 °;

Diagram showing the preferred roofing material according to the angle of inclination of the roof

Useful advice!When selecting roofing should follow this rule: the denser the structure of the material, the smaller should be the angle of inclination of the roof slopes.

Considering the slope of the roof using roofing, can achieve high quality paving material to prevent leakage and increase the life of the entire structure.

Classification of types of roof frame structure

Pitched roofs, depending on the configuration of the frame may have a different shape with certain characteristics. The following types of roofs:

• Shed;
• gable;
• roof;
• hipped;

EXAMPLE harmonious combination of several types of roof: gable, pent, hipped

• poluvalmovaya;
• tents;
• mnogoschiptsovye;
• dome;
• vaulted;
• shpileobraznye.

Shed option. This roof has a fairly simple structure. Single slope it is located between two walls having different heights. The greater the difference between the height of the walls, the greater the slope of roof. any material can be used for its construction. In the particular construction is mainly used for hozblok, garages or small garden houses.

Pent roof looks modern and stylish

Useful advice!For private homes Shed roof used in the event that it is necessary to reduce the diversion of water or snow on the roadway or sidewalk.

Photo flat roofs of private houses often illustrate unpresentable appearance design, especially if the structure is low. Furthermore, this embodiment eliminates the possibility of almost everything attic. But in the modern design of the building roof, this option is quite popular.

Gable roof. Type gable roof is a structure of the two skates are connected to each other by a ridge. This roof is the most common among pitched models for private homes. Photo kinds of roofs gable performance illustrate that the ramps may be located symmetrically and with different biases. The length of the ramps may also have different.

Gable roof option is the most popular types of pitched

Due to the fact that under such roofs can arrange attic or attic, they are considered quite practical. Elements of wall structures that limit the attic or attic gables are called. Gable roof design provides unobstructed gathering deposits and reduce the possibility of leaks to a minimum. It should be noted that in areas where frequent gales, the roof can break due to poor aerodynamics.

Roof construction. This is a kind of roof construction with gable broken profile. Each ramp mansard roof has two levels: an upper ramp with a gentle slope, the bottom - with falling. The main advantage of such a roof is the ability to maximize the use of space under the roof. Since the structure unstable to strong winds, project mansard roofs of private homes is expected additional fixing the roofing in the region of the falling slope.

Drawing with mounting dimensions of a gable roof with broken profile

Useful advice! If a small attic room, designers recommend not to sew the ceiling. Interior trim can be performed up to the ridge, which adds spaciousness room.

Hipped roof. This type is a combination of a gable roof and a tent construction. Here gables replace slopes in form of a triangle, which are called hips. The other two have a slope shape of an isosceles trapezoid. The upper part of the ramps are equipped with skylights. The frame structure may be built on a rectangular base. The space under the roof can also be used under the attic.

Hipped roof is a combination of gable and hipped constructions

hip roof It has a streamlined shape, perfectly self-cleaning and resists the winds, but has a more complex structure truss system. In this regard, such a roof construction is recommended only charging the art. As for the cost of construction, it should be noted that when there is a large percentage of construction waste roofing and considerable costs for roof windows.

Poluvalmovaya design. Intermediate model between the hip and gable roof. A feature of this design is that the gable top of a gable roof covered with small poluvalmoy that protects the horse against wind load. Streamlined shape makes a relevant construction of roofs in the regions dominated by strong winds.

Example poluvalmovaya roof of a private house

The appearance of the roof is quite attractive in design terms. The triangular gable parts can build skylights full size. Poluvalmy serve as decorative elements. On a design this type of roofs is quite complex and involves the participation of professionals.

Hipped roof model. By a variation of hip designs include a hip roof. This model has three or more triangular-shaped ramp, which converge at one point at the top. All ramps are carried out symmetrically to each other. Hipped roof is used in cases where the house has the correct shape of a square or polygon. They are very attractive in appearance.

Hip design sufficiently resistant to winds. The complexity of the construction of roof system is explained strictly symmetrical geometric shape of the roof. If the coating will perform sheet material waste will be great. The cost impact and installation of roof window designs.

Various types of roofs for country houses and cottages

Useful advice!Hip roof to look aesthetically pleasing, it is recommended to use as roofing shingles.

Mnogoschiptsovye roof. Such roofs are among the most complex device structures as relatively truss system, and relatively laying roofing. This is due to the presence of the device a large number of ribs, valleys and other constructive elements. It is used in houses that have a complex polygonal shape.

Appearance mnogoschiptsovoy roof is very distinctive. Thanks to modern roofing coverings with a rich color palette, the roof can be made bright and lively. In addition, under this roof, you can equip the side of the attic a small area.

By combining different types of roofs you can get an interesting look of the house

Dome construction. The domed or conical roof structure is a round shape without edges converging at the highest point. This is a fairly rare form of private house roof. Photos of these structures indicate that in most cases, such a roof is used only for the individual elements of the building, for example, such as small round turrets or terraces.

Vaulted roof. The basis of this design of the foundation of the rafters in the bent outlines arc. As for the roof of a private house is used very rarely. This form of the roof is rational for large buildings such as sports facilities or public buildings. In a particular building can be used as an additional element in conjunction with other forms of construction.

Dome roof structure is most often used for individual elements of the building

Shpileobraznye roof. The main difference is such exclusive roofs acute angle creates sharp slopes. The construction of the spire takes a long time, as there is very definitely need to pick up the slope and roofing material. Typically, the spire erected as a decorative element, crowning dome or cupola roofs.

Because of its complexity and the complexity of the execution, such a structure being built by professionals only. The spiers are very rarely used in the design of the roofs of private houses. Photos show that most of them are used in the construction of churches, buildings in the Gothic style and other monumental buildings.

Useful advice! Even only a minor mistake made during the construction of the roof shpileobraznoy can spoil the look of the whole structure.

The design of the roof home in the Victorian style present shpileobrazny type of roof

There is such a thing as a composite roof. Such roofs in their structures comprise several types, e.g., a combination tent, hip, and other forms mnogoschiptsovoy. Combined roof complicated in design, construction and maintenance of the future, but they are always interesting and sophisticated look.

Mansard roof of a private house. Photo and description of structures

Mansard roof type - Great advantageous to increase the effective area of ​​a private home. Dimensions of additional space and will determine the shape and form of a mansard roof. Geometric shapes such roofs can have various configurations, and the roof itself can cover the entire building or a small part.

Thanks to the attic, you can significantly increase the usable area of ​​the house, for example, placed there bedrooms

Types of mansard roofs. Photos private homes with functional roof

There are several varieties of mansard roofs:

• pent;
• symmetrical;
• asymmetrical;
• tent;
• polyline.

Pent roof terrace. It looks peculiar mansard roof in uni-variant. Such designs are quite simple in the construction due to lack of the ridge and the difficulties that entails its improvement. Attic space formed by the walls of various heights, on which are supported beam structure. The attic floor under a roof becomes quite tiny.

Schemes of arrangement of insulated attic and roof space ventilation

Symmetrical mansard roof. This type of roof is constructed on the basis of a gable model. The walls of the attic in this embodiment will have an identical width and height. This form provides the ability to install in a room full of window designs and doors leading to a balcony or terrace.

Asymmetrical shape. These roofs are obtained by placing the hip rays. Keep in mind that space for the asymmetric roof will have a small area. The outlines of the opposite walls of the room are as follows: two in the shape of a triangle, two in the shape of a trapezoid.

Hipped mansard construction. The room under the roof can have a specific configuration: round, conical or pyramidal. In this regard, the wall of attics very difficult to enter a window or door. Window design of this form will need to be made to order on a special project, which will cause a significant rise in price of construction.

With the construction of the roof is necessary to carefully consider the location and construction of the roof window

Useful advice! Equipping window construction in the attic room, pay attention to how they are opened. Opening inwards and downwards window can cause injury to the person who opens it. Best would be to open the window to the outside with a handle located at the top.

Polyline roof. If you want to make maximum use of the space under the roof, the correct choice will be sloping roof. In this case, you can significantly reduce the so-called dead zone, an area that can not be used as a utility. Due to the outer faces of the fractures can extend the attic, while the choice of a straight roof limits the efficient use of the space underneath.

Under the combined roof of a country house located on the attic floor

Distinguishes the broken roof structures small height of the walls of rooms, to get under them. Installing such a roof is justified when the attic is built on the already erected the building. In this case, do not have to worry about the extra load on the foundation, the draft of which was not originally supposed presence of an additional residential floors.

Popular considered the roof, at the heart of the design is the triangular shape are: upper and lower. The circuit structure of upper triangles involves both pendant and naslonnuyu truss system, and lower - only naslonnuyu. Underlying upper rays are isosceles triangles and the bottom two are in the base of a rectangular triangle.

Living room, placed in the attic of a private house

Thermal insulation of roofs and waterproofing roof

The design of a particular mansard roof depends on the load, which will be subjected to the roof top and bottom. We should not forget that the warm air flows are raised and deposited in the form of condensation on the inner surface of the roof. Therefore, the technology of construction of mansard roofs of private houses must necessarily take into account the quality of heat, steam and waterproofing.

Useful advice! During the construction of a mansard roof, pay attention to the distribution of the air risers and chimneys: Do not allow to be located in the valleys.

Driving device insulated mansard roof

To stay in the loft was comfortable, it is necessary to use a heat-insulating material, which will contribute to this, regardless of the time of year. If roofing pie is made in compliance with all technical regulations, atmosphere in the room is normal.

Make the right choice of thermal insulation materials will help the knowledge of their basic characteristics, which include:

• resistance to temperature;
• lowest thermal conductivity;
• moisture resistance;
• invulnerable to mechanical stress;
• environmental friendliness;
• fire safety;
• density up to 250 kg / m³.

The technology of construction of mansard roofs must necessarily take into account the quality of heat, steam and waterproofing

Technology insulation device in the attic insulation is similar to conventional roofs, however, due to certain criteria, for her increased demands. The role of the walls of the attic rooms carry skates and gables, so that they overheat in the summer, and quickly cooled in the cold season. Therefore the sequence of layers of the cake should be strictly adhered to:

1. Vapor control layer.
2. Insulation material.
3. The vent (air) gap.
4. The waterproofing layer.
5. roofing coverage.

Applying insulation, should pay attention to its thermal conductivity (ability to hold and transmit heat). The lower the index of thermal conductivity, the better the material will retain heat in the room, preventing it from cooling. Roof dormer more susceptible to heat loss in winter, since heat flows coming up, stepping to the roof covering.

Process mansard roof insulation through the mineral wool

In winter, there is such a process: the snow that covers the surface of the roof functions as a kind of heat insulator. If the heat loss is large, on the roof of the snow begins to melt, turning into a thick crust of ice, which does not retain heat and creates an additional burden on the roof. Properly laid insulation will not allow the melting of snow and ice.

In the intense heat of the attic room is very hot. To avoid this, arrange the thermal insulation on the inside. The number of layers for the internal protection depends on the material properties. For these purposes are usually used: polyurethane foam, mineral wool, extruded polystyrene, mineral wool, glass wool, foam glass. Natural insulation apply straw, slag, wood chips, reed panels.

Mineral wool is one of the most popular materials for the thermal insulation of roofs

Roof for a private home. Types of roofs in design: the form has a value of

Modern design roof involves many different and original designs. The shape of the roof causes not only need protection at home from outside influence, but also provides the architectural expression. In the particular construction design choice is limited only by the financial possibilities of the owner at home, allowing the roof to become the main decorative element in the design of the house.

Beautiful roofs of private homes: Photo gallery of various embodiments

Definitely recommend the best type of roof is possible, taking into account not only the construction of the technology, but also the wishes of the homeowner. Architectural preferences in the private sector also depend on the area where the house is located, as has long been a region noted for its style and originality. To learn what are roofs of private houses (photo many options available on the Internet), you need to look into the matter, and then choose the most acceptable variant is not difficult.

Despite the simple design, there are many ways of combining a flat roof with a modern design style residential buildings. Monoskatny roof option has little set of component elements and does not require significant funding investments. The design of the flat roofs of many use new original direction - landscaping. Covered with flowers and greenery adds romance roof portion of the house.

The most popular in the suburban settlements enjoyed gable roof. Photos private buildings show typical models gable designs. Originally looks sloping gable roof, different length and slope, more strict classical model with symmetrical inclined planes. An important detail - the possibility of arrangement of the attic under a gable roof, single-storey private house. Photo characterizes the simplicity and functionality of this type of roofing.

Home from a bar with a complex combination roof

Photo hipped roofs of private houses indicate that such a design of the roof is mainly used for large-area houses. Houses with such roofs look more respectable and presentable. Due to the lack of height in the construction of the gables of houses with hipped roof visually it appears smaller, but this feeling is fully compensated by the presence of attic and roof windows. They perfectly cover the attic space and make the entire house facade more picturesque.

Exclusive ergonomic design advantages have broken roofs. Photo polygonal roofs of private homes clearly illustrate the most efficient use of storage space. Despite the fact that the construction of such a structure entails high costs, these models are used extensively in private construction.

The classical model of a gable roof with symmetrical slopes

Useful advice! Those who dream of a two-story cottage, but limited financial, pay attention to the types of dormer roofs. This is an excellent one with minimum investment.

Lovers of unusual design is the best fit mnogoschiptsovaya roof. Such structures can be attributed to this masterpiece. The uniqueness of them is a large number of edges, faces, forceps and rays. This form of the roof has become popular in modern construction of private houses with attics. If you picked up a successful project, it is possible to build a unique structure associated with roofs fantastic tower.

Having considered all of the options for the roofs of private houses and thoroughly understand the features and benefits of each of them, you can make the best decision in your case. The main thing - your house should be protected.