Tandoor own hands: manufacturing methods of the Uzbek furnace

Tandyr a multifunction oven in which it is possible to prepare any oriental dishes, while expending a minimum amount of fuel. The design is fixed or removable, made of clay or brick. As fuel used for tandyra hardwood. This oven can be purchased ready-made or make a tandoor with their hands, following certain steps of the process.

What is Tandoor: Design Features

What is Tandoor? This roaster furnace special type, in which due to the impact of heat on the design of the walls carried cooking. The food is prepared slowly, because the heat is supplied gradually. Uniform distribution helps preserve juiciness of products and all the useful qualities of the food.

In appearance similar to a tandoor large clay pot with holes, which is turned upside down. Product height is 1-1.5 m, bottom diameter - 1 m The thicker the wall of the structure, the more heat will be given furnace.. The lower part is tandyra passage for supplying fresh air, thereby keeping the combustion process. The classic design has a rounded shape, but there are rectangular and square Tandoor brick.

To improve the thermal insulation properties of the outside brick oven obkladyvaetsya. The special shape of the tandoor contributes to the accumulation of heat in the walls of the structure, which is given slowly inside. This helps to maintain a constant high temperature inside the products a long time.

Important!To create an optimum amount of heat in the tandoor need twice as less wood than is required for the classic barbecue.

The main advantages of the tandoor are the following characteristics:

• prolonged retention of heat inside the structure;
• no need for constant monitoring of the cooking process;
• fuel economy;
• the possibility of cooking several dishes in one heating installations;
• ease of operation;
• construction does not require special care;
• simplicity furnace with respect to the type, quality and quantity of fuel;
• simplicity of design.

The disadvantages of the furnace include:

• Choose one common hole for wood and food;
• no chimney;
• soot formation of plaque on the walls of the product after ignition;
• the need for a fire-resistant gloves to prevent burns.

tandyra device principle of operation and operational features

Uzbek tandyr as clay inverted upside down pitcher boiler is mounted on the foundation, which rises above the ground by 20 cm and is as deep into it. The design mainly located in the open area of ​​the yard. It built on the foundation of the ash-pit, a closed door. Above the opening set cast-iron fence. Next, the camera is placed in the dome-shaped with a smooth, inner surface coated with a layer of clay.

Draped design with brick, creating a small air gap, which is filled with salt or sand, so that in the tandoor for six hours is a high temperature.

Through the upper opening stacked wood or coal. After complete fuel burn soot, which covers the inner surface flaking, leaving a clean coating. This means that you can load the food in the oven. Before cooking baking the resulting ashes hauled. In the case of the meat is not necessary. Lozenges dough is adhered onto the inner surface of the furnace.

In tandyr kebab skewers for meat hung on a special rail vertically point downward. Kazan with pilaf is placed on the neck of the plant. Next tandoor covered with the cap on top, close the ash pit. Cooking time depends on the dish and is 15-45 minutes.

Useful advice!To remove the pan from the tandoor, use a hook or the bucket.

kindling process depends on the time of year. In winter, the temperature should be gradually increased, so first fueled by wood chips, and then main fuel is enclosed. In summer you can do without pre-ignition. After complete cooling tandoor is recommended to fully cleanse it from the ashes. Fat is deposited on the inner surface of the structure, it will burn during subsequent use of the product.

Variety of designs depending on the type of installation: photo tandyrs

Tandyr ceramic hemisphere with a round hole may be terrestrial, underground or portable. The first embodiment of the set on a flat surface horizontally or vertically depending on the orientation tandyra. Loading Fuel performed respectively through the side or top opening. Link occurs through ash pit located at the bottom of the furnace. According to reviews tandoor owners of land type is the most popular among other choices.

Ground or yamny, tandyr partially or completely immersed into the ground. Kindling through the upper opening, which also serves to load the products. To maintain the necessary thrust to the lower part of the product pipe is supplied, which is buried in the ground at an angle of 450.

Useful advice!In stationary tandyrs can cook several dishes at the same time.

Portable tandyr can be installed anywhere. The product is made of chamotte in the form of a keg or jug. Depending on the weight of the tandoor is of four kinds: small (up to 50 kg), medium (50-79 kg) and large (80-100 kg), very large (over 100 kg). Such structure further equipped with carrying handles and legs on which it is installed. Also included with the product attached skewers, grills, hooks and baits.

Mobile Tandyr have thick walls (70 mm), further reinforced by steel strips. For such designs should provide adequate protection from moisture during storage, it is recommended to buy special covers.

Which type of fuel can be used to tandyrs

In conventional tandyrs used as fuel wood or hardwood charcoal. The product is a thick-walled pot with lid made of fireclay. Air supply and ash recess in the lower portion of the article is a special hole. Wood loaded through the top opening. After their complete burning is possible to start cooking. Such products are characterized by the lowest price. Buy a tandoor can be from 5500 rubles.

Useful advice!The amount of fuel determined by the furnace volume and is 2/3 of this value. Excessive use of the fuel will not increase the temperature inside tandyra.

There Tandyr in which gas is used as fuel. Such designs typically used in cafes, restaurants and bakeries. You can install a tandoor and in the home kitchen, but in this case it is necessary to worry about purchasing a good hood for removing exhaust air.

Pitcher made of baked white clay and placed inside a metal housing. For long-term preservation of heat voids are filled with heat insulating material in the form of sand, limestone fines or salt. Gas oven easy to operate, do not emit harmful substances and economical. However, the food does not have the characteristic smell of smoke.

For home cooking, you can buy an electric tandoor for which the heat source of the heating elements are used. They are located on the perimeter of the bottom of the structure. It is convenient and compact products, which do not need firewood, does not emit soot and smoke. Electric tandyr tortilla made of metal. Inside the article has a ceramic coating. The design of these cookers varied that allows you to choose the product under a certain style interior.

Elektrotandyry equipped with a mini-computer which performs control of the cooking process by regulating the temperature and humidity. You can also buy a kebab and tandoor for baking, where the wood can be used along with electricity.

How much is a tandoor, depending on the species and type of fuel

In tandoor cost is affected by many factors: the material of manufacture, the type of furnace design, product size and the availability of additional accessories. Products available in a wide price range, so any customer can choose the option for your budget.

Large family tandoor can choose from a number of household products on wood-fuel, these include: Hunter, Nomad, Sarmat Large and Medium. The height of the structure is within 63-105 cm. Such pottery surprised interesting design. As the cladding is used broken glass, bricks, natural and artificial stone, that allows you to create on the surface of the original patterns and designs. The average price of tandoor is 8500-20000 rubles.

Very popular today are electric tandoor. Customer reviews of these products are positive. The advantage of electric models is the ability to install them not only in the streets but also in the apartment. Structures made of refractory clay and heating elements are heated. Buy electric tandoor possible for 15000-80000 rubles on average.

To produce large quantities of bread and cakes, you can pick up electrical products from chamotte category Pros. Such furnaces designed for baking preparation in an amount of 60-120 units. Buy tandoor for cakes can be from 145,000 rubles. Also very popular gas furnace, whose value depends on the type and amounts 75000-135000 rub. Buy Uzbek tandoor with wood for industrial purposes can be as low as 50,000 rubles.

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What and how to cook in the tandoor: useful tips

What can be cooked in the tandoor? Almost any dish. This furnace is used for cooking cakes, samosas, vegetables, fish and various meat dishes. It uses no open flames, and heat from the wall structure. This is ideal for baking the best quality. A plurality of recipes prepared tandyr can be found on the Internet.

Useful advice!Before the start of the first inner surface of the furnace tandoor oiled cotton based. Further, during the day heat their oven, making cakes of the dough will not stick to the clay surface.

Scones before baking in tandoor should be moistened for better adhesion to the surface of the dough. In order to collect the fat dripping from the meat, use a special saucer, which is placed under the meat.

The tandoor is possible to have a barbecue and pizza. However, this should acquire additional element in the form of a lattice, which is attached to the neck construction using special hardware and descends to the middle of the furnace. In a large tandoor on the grid can be positioned saucepan or pot for cooking fragrant pilaf or shurpa.

When cooking barbecue or kebab skewers tandyra installed in the hole or may be suspended on a cross iron rod. Neck in this case covered with the cap. Time spent cooking is much less than during the use of the barbecue or oven. For pork or lamb will need 18-25 minutes for beef -. 30-35 minutes for fish and ptitsy- 8-15 minutes, for vegetables -.. 5-7 minutes.

Useful advice!In poluostyvshy tandoor you can put a pot with a tough, sinewy meat and leave until morning. The next day the product is in any dish will melt in your mouth.

Preparation composition for the manufacture of tandoor clay with their hands

Traditional Uzbek tandoor clay with your hands is not built, and is molded from clay. It uses a special material composition. It needs kaolin clay which has good ductility and high thermal insulation properties. To tandyra housing is not cracked under high temperatures, a mixture of clay added camels or sheep wool with long fibers 1-1.5 cm. Before doing tandyr should prepare a moldable mixture which is composed of clay, salt, sand and wool in the ratio 4: 1: 1: 2.

Clay previously purified from foreign matter rubbed through a sieve, mixed and soaked for 48 hours. The prepared substance added to the other elements. The mixture is thoroughly mixed to form a viscous state, resembling the consistency of sour cream. Further, the composition should be prepared to leave at 7 days, so that it dried up and gained the necessary condition. The mixture was stirred periodically during this time to ensure uniform drying it. Water is going to the top, you need to merge.

The smaller in the molding composition will remain moisture, the lower the risk of cracking the tandoor with his firing. The mixture is suitable for further use, when the consistency will resemble clay.

How to make a tandoor with your hands: the traditional version

tandyra manufacture of clay called tape method because of the material make long strips of a thickness of about 2-3 cm, a width of 20-25 cm and a length of 2 m.

Useful advice!Making the oven should be carried out in the shade under a canopy, so that the clay does not lose its elasticity with quick drying when exposed to sunlight.

Prepared strips required to leave for some time to dry in the sun. Furthermore they form a bottomless cup. The product displayed in the ring with smooth walls. As a frame for forming the bottom part of the product is recommended to use a metal cask, which must be immediately extracted. The clay from sticking to the metal, it should be lubricated with sunflower oil.

Then, the bottom of the product needs to be fixed one or two bands to form the tapered portion upward jar that looks like a dome. Further compaction process performed walls. To this end, two instruments are used: metal or wooden trowel disc-shaped with smooth rounded edges and a wooden spatula with diagonal stripes in relief.

It is necessary to hold in one hand trowel and press it against the inner surface of the article, and the outer side wall through clay should gently tapping it on a shovel. Such a process promotes the compaction of clay and formation of a pattern on the surface in the form of diagonal bands.
The final stage is the formation of the upper part of the neck with his hands tandoor. The furnace in the upper part tapers. The diameter of the neck must be twice smaller than the bottom of the jar. The clay is compacted and leveled in the same manner as for the main part tandyra.

The finished product is transferred into the shadows for the final drying for 30 days. Once the product is completely dry, its inner surface must be lubricated abundant layer of sunflower oil.

Preparation of the site for the installation of the finished clay tabs

There are two options for installing a clay tandoor: on the foundation, followed by lining the brick and underground. Place in the installation of the product is pre-selected.

If the finished clay tab will be located in the recess, it is necessary to prepare the pit, the depth of which is determined by the height of the product. Its upper part is to 7-10 cm peek out from under the ground. Thus, the function of the heat preservation land. At the bottom of the tandoor should be equipped with an additional ash pit.

To create the foundation necessary dig a pit. He can have a round or square shape. This depends on the configuration of the thermal shield in the form of a brick wall around tandyra. The latter is more preferable because sufficient clearance is formed between the tab and the wall that is filled with heat accumulating or heat-insulating composition. excavation must exceed the dimensions of the tab at the bottom of 10-15 cm. The depth of the pit is 15-17 cm.

Pit sand is poured layer of 5 cm and well compacted. Next performed podsypku gravel fraction with an average stacking wire mesh to provide additional reinforcing layer. Then, the formwork height of 10-15 cm. The foundation must rise above ground level at 5-7 cm to eliminate the possibility of cleaning the masonry stormwater. The formwork is filled with concrete mortar, which consists of gravel, cement and sand. Floated under the rule level. In more detail the installation process, you can examine the video "Tandoor their own hands."

Setting tab of clay with the construction of a brick wall

After complete drying of the concrete foundation shuttering is removed. To mark the surface according to the dimensions of the clay tab for the construction of a brick wall. First the brick area with an open portion for arranging the channel ash-pit chamber which closes special door. You can tab into a brick to build in a metal pipe. It is recommended to install the valve, through which the adjustment of the amount of air supplied. The flap can be closed completely.

On ash-pit chamber stacked iron grate, where the fuel is burning. Ash goes to the ash pit from which can be easily removed through the open door. Top grating to pad set clay tab. For reliability and sealing of the joint between the lower edge of the jug and base obscure brick clay solution. Then erected a brick wall around the perimeter of the tab. The gap between the structure and filled tandyr expanded clay, sand or salt. Brick wall reaches the height of the insert.

Making tandoor with their hands out of the barrel

The traditional version of the manufacture of clay tandoor requires specialized knowledge, skills and abilities. The surface is often obtained curve and clay can subsequently be cracked. To avoid such troubles simplified technology was developed. It is based on the manufacture of their own hands tandoor barrels of 200 liters. The essence of the method is to create a wall of clay around a wooden products.

To build a tandoor with their hands, need kaolin clay, vegetable oil, fireclay sand fines, wooden barrel with iron hoops and sheep or camel wool. The first step is to fill a barrel with water up to the top for 24 hours. This is necessary for the impregnation and swelling of wood. Followed molding to prepare a mixture of clay, sand and wool in the ratio 2: 4: 1, which should be dry, becoming the plastic.

From the barrel is drained all the water. It should be completely dry, and then its inner surface is impregnated with sunflower oil for 24 hours. Then, inside the barrel is covered with a mixture of a clay thickness of 4-5 cm. The composition should be well leveled, wetting the hands with water to obtain a maximum result in a smooth surface. Moving up to the neck, the clay layer must be increased, whereby the upper part of the furnace is narrowed. In the lower part of the structure is performed a small hole for the free passage of air.

The design must be completely dry in dry, shaded and ventilated area for 3-4 weeks. After that, remove the iron hoops and wooden barrel disassembled, leaving the clay structure intact. Ready frame is mounted on a thick sand bed, where his firing is done. To improve the thermal insulation properties around the furnace wall can be made of brick.

Tandoor of bricks with his own hands: step by step instructions, drawings and photos of the process steps

Traditional tandyra embodiment is made of kaolin clay. This is a fairly time-consuming and expensive process, which needs to attract professional and requires a high level of skill. To simplify the problem, but at the same time get the desired result, it is possible to make a tandoor with their hands from a brick. The simplest embodiment of the manufacture of household ovens consisting of multiple processes, each of which will be described in detail in this article.

For the construction will need the following list of building materials:

• brick oven;
• wooden pattern;
• masonry sand mixture;
• cement;
• sand;
• kaolin;
• reinforcing mesh.

For finishing furnace used a solution consisting of clays, salt, sand and wool in the ratio 4: 1: 1: 2. Sheep or camel wool acts as a reinforcing element and contributes to good insulation. The solution for preparing masonry brick rows in the same way (except wool). Brick for tandyra be selected silicate or red superalloy which can withstand long-term high temperature.

Before you build a tandoor, it is necessary to prepare the foundation. To do this, it is preparing a round hole with a diameter greater than a few centimeters in size of the future construction. At the bottom of the sand creates a cushion 10 cm thick, which is covered with a metal grid, formed from a thick wire or reinforcement bars. Next, a hole filled with concrete solution that is carefully aligned with an iron rule. Be sure to check the horizontality of a surface by using a level. Then, the bottom of the next markup dome chamber outer wall defining boundaries.

Useful advice!To ensure reliable waterproofing concrete foundation to be coated sheet of roofing material.

Before to make a tandoor, preparing brick base on the foundation. In concrete surface fits three rows fireclay bricks: the first is placed along the excavation, the second - transversely, the third - along. Elements of the two lower layers are stacked closely together without mortar. For the upper row uses clay mixture. Created the foundation should be fixed armature segments from all sides. Rods driven into the ground. Their height above the ground is equal to the level of the top row of masonry.

How to make a tandoor brick: step by step guide

After the concrete has gained the necessary strength to the base, it is possible to start the construction of tandyra brick. Photos, which can be found on the Internet clearly show the sequence of actions. The diameter of the bottom part will be 1 m and the height of the building - 130 cm. In the first phase, the markup for future oven. It laid the foundation of the first row with the opening for the ash-pit chamber. Solution was used for laying of clay. The second row overlaps the chamber, leaving the window in its central part, which is mounted cast-iron fence.

Since the third row is erected wall constructions circumferentially. The bricks are laid in a conventional manner. Inside surface daubed thick layer clays, which should be as smooth as possible. So erected twelve rows. The following is to start forming tandoor dome. To do this, each subsequent number is shifted to the center by a distance that is calculated in advance.

Knowing that the diameter of the furnace is 1 m, it is necessary to consider that the neck should be twice longer. This value must be achieved through a series of 10 that will correspond to the height of buildings in the 130 cm. Doing a simple arithmetic calculation, we conclude that each successive number to be shifted by 5 cm towards the center.

To make the tandoor with a smooth inner surface of the brick ribs that will be turned into the grinder should be treated. Also, the surface can be leveled via the clay mixture constantly wetting with water. After completion of the laying process produces a pitcher construction with a smooth inner surface.

Further exterior finishing is performed using clay tandyra solution. All seams should be well sealed. The steps, which were formed when the dome should be completely hidden. After drying kiln, what will happen after 2-3 days, you can make the first kindling.
Then proceed to the construction of the outer wall tandyra which comes close to the brick domed structure. Construction height equal to the height of the inner chamber. The wall whole performed except ash-pit portion opposite the opening, wherein a window is left. For better heat insulation space between the outer wall and the interior of the furnace is filled with small fraction expanded clay, sand or salt.

Useful advice!The upper part of the tandoor can be finished with stone or brick, held together with clay, which will provide a complete design.

The construction of the tandoor of bricks with their hands: a simplified version

Previous version requires a certain skill to perform arched brick vault. Tandoor in the country with their own hands, you can build on the simplified method. It is recommended to use the old bricks. As intended for the construction of fireplaces and stoves as masonry mortar can be purchased ready-refractory mixture in hardware store. To prepare the solution, should strictly comply with the instructions written on the product packaging.

Referring to the drawing tandoor own hands, brick is laid in a circle, the diameter of which is defined in the planning stage. Usually it is 50-70 cm. With wooden frame bricks placed on end, forming a circle. sandy solution can be used for stacking, which is comprised of clay chamotte needed plasticizers and quartz sand. This composition is very malleable, quickly grasped and will not crack during firing.

The first row is laid without gaps. In the second row should leave a small opening, which will be used as the blower in the future. This may be a small window or a door with an iron flue pipe. The third row is laid out completely. If the size of the brick tandyra adjustment is 100-120 cm, sufficient four rows of bricks, each of which horizontality is controlled via level.

With the construction of each new series should be made his harness with steel wire. Its ends twisted and hide in the gaps between the bricks. When you create the last row is required to form a tapered neck. To this end, the brick should be laid with a certain inclination inside the tandoor. Video shows in more detail the construction of the entire process.

Tandoor with their hands from a brick: the execution of coating and cladding structures

Upon completion of the construction work is carried out the process of smearing and facing bricks from the tandoor. The inner and outer surface structures is applied refractory clay. The layer thickness is not less than 1.5-2 cm. These layers should be at least two. The second is applied 2-3 days after the first drying. That was drying of uniform structure must be covered with plastic wrap.

Useful advice!Before applying lubricative brick recommended moisten layer. This will facilitate the gradual and uniform drying of the clay solution.

The inner surface must be perfectly smooth, so clay mixture aligned permanent wetting with water. In the upper part of the furnace around the orifice is mounted a metallic ring height of 30-50 mm, through which the cover installation area is separated from the rest of the surface. The space on its outer side wall to the edge is filled with clay.

Next, the furnace housing can be oblitsevat natural stone, it will give the construction and attractive aesthetic appearance, as is clearly shown in the photo tandyra. The price of the finished structure will be an average of 4500-5000 rubles.

Useful advice!For smearing the masonry can be used fireclay mortar fine grinding.

The final stage of manufacture is its tandoor roasting, which can be carried out after 3-4 hours after the completion of coating and finishing works. The construction is completely filled with wood, inside the furnace is ignited flames that contributes to the gradual heating of the walls of the structure to 400 ° C. It is necessary that the fuel is completely burned, after which the oven must cool down slowly. Such a process not only promotes the drying of the structure, but also the hardenability and calcined clay.

Upon completion of all works tandoor should be left for 7 days. During this time, you can make a wooden cover, through which the heat will be contained within the structure. In more detail the process of erection of structures can be seen on the video, "Tandoor with their hands from a brick."

Since ancient times, the tandoor served as an indispensable attribute of the Uzbek national cuisine. Today, it is universally used in private households. In such an oven can cook any dish. Due to the special principle of operation it is possible not only to create a true masterpiece of culinary art, but also to save on fuel.

The design can be made of clay or bricks on their own, having mastered certain requirements or buy a stove. Tandoor in specialized shops offer a wide range of varieties. Thanks to the original finish of the finished product, this traditional Uzbek oven will be a real decoration of the yard.

How to make your own hands tandoor brick: Video