Irrigation system in the country: a variety of options for plant irrigation

To make life easier for farmers and gardeners, engineers, designers and craftsmen from the people are constantly inventing various irrigation systems. There are many ways to water the plants, since the application of the usual watering and ending automatic irrigation systems. What is the irrigation system in the country is preferable to use, how to organize the irrigation area, which how to install irrigation systems are the most popular - all this information is detailed in this article.

Varieties of irrigation systems for garden and kitchen garden

Existing irrigation systems can be divided into four categories, each of which has its characteristic advantages and disadvantages:

• surface watering;
• drip irrigation;
• subsurface irrigation;
• sprinkling.

Useful advice!On summer cottage can be arranged several irrigation systems because each culture needs a certain humidification mode.

Surface watering is less expensive irrigation embodiment. Water to the plant by grooves dug fed directly from a hose which can be connected to a central water supply or to a vat for watering the country. Buy the capacity can be any capacity. irrigation system is on the surface of the earth, so independent of its lining is not difficult. This way of depriving the roots of the oxygen, which can be deadly to plants. Therefore constantly use surface irrigation is not recommended.

Subsurface irrigation system for greenhouses

Subsurface watering is carried out via the irrigation system which is under a layer of soil at a depth of 30 cm. Across the square pipes made miniotverstiya, through which water is supplied to the plant roots. Such a system is most rational for green plants such as trees, fruit bushes, vines. it is also successfully used in greenhouses, where regular digging is not done. However, it can be used at their summer cottage, planting annuals, depending on the location of the system.

This option promotes good access of oxygen to the roots and does not require constant soil loosening. Underground irrigation organized in areas with scarcity of water, since such an option reduces it rate twice in comparison with the one surface. Watering can be done from the reservoir for irrigation in the country.

Useful advice!To minimize the chance of clogging the holes in the pipeline at the beginning of the irrigation pipes must install a filter.

The system can be stowed vertically in the time of planting perennials. Landing pit runs deeper than 30 cm and wider than 20-25 cm, than is required for rooting culture. The bottom layer of gravel is filled 20 cm high. The tube is inserted vertically immersed into the thick gravel 7-10 cm. segment length is selected in view of the protrusion portion of the article above the ground by 10-12 cm. The pillow is filled with soil thickness of 10-15 cm. The open end is plugged.

Watering is carried out from a watering can or hose directly into the pipe. Water is supplied directly to the root system of plants, eliminating the need for wetting the top layer of soil. irrigation norm depends on the climate zone areas. For the set of the same type of plants you can organize automated watering.

Rain garden watering system: features options

In organizing the water sprinkling system in the form of drops gradually moistens the soil near the plants at a certain angle. This process is done using special sprinklers and sprinklers which are installed at certain locations suburban area at some distance from each other. For areas completely covered with vegetation such as lawns and flower beds, provides rotary sprinklers, which are evenly moisten the soil around them.

Sprinkling facilitates gradual qualitative and deep soil wetting, thus its structure is not damaged. In this method, the aerial parts of the plant saturate with moisture, which favors higher yields. This is especially true for strawberry plantations. This arrangement of sprinkling nozzles under trees will be simultaneously provided irrigating and flushing with dust leaves and insects. In addition, if the trees planted with lawn grass, it is the most rational way of its moisture.

By configuring the device to be guided by the balance between the intensity of rain and soil ability to absorb water. Moisture should have time to soak into the soil to avoid the formation of puddles and mud. This can lead to swimming surface of the earth, which, after drying, covered with a crust that will prevent the access of oxygen to plant roots.

Among the shortcomings can be identified that the water spray is uneven with strong gusts of wind and insufficient pressure in the main system. Also, water can get, not only on the beds, but also on the track.

sprinkling system can be stationary or portable. In the first embodiment of the pipe for irrigation are stacked on top of the soil or mounted in the ground to a depth of 30-40 cm. In places where the installation of sprays vertical pipe output to the desired height. At their ends are fixed sprinkler nozzle.

When organizing a portable irrigation hoses used for irrigation in the country. The best are made from TPE or PVC. At the ends of the hose mounted sprayers. Articles are placed in the correct location for watering of garden crops. For this system is convenient to organize avtopolivWhich is programmed to be included in the most appropriate time for watering - in the evening. In the morning the water is absorbed, and the day can be made loosening the soil to provide oxygen to the plant roots.

The principle of operation and characteristics of drip irrigation

Drip irrigation in the country with their own hands is the most thrifty and rational irrigation plan. The principle of operation of the system based on the admission of water in small portions directly to the roots of the plant via a dropping tape coupled with the irrigation pipe. This embodiment is possible during the supply of water to the central water supply system for watering the country. If it is served by the hour, and then the moisture will occur in the same way.

To carry out such a watering can from the storage tank to irrigate the country, if water is absent in the main pipe. This option will allow the irrigation of the soil room.

This method does not prevent the irrigation access of air to the roots of plants and does not contribute to a deterioration of the soil structure. In this case, you can avoid drying out or flooding of land, and to abandon the regular loosening soil. The main drawback of this irrigation system is a high probability of clogging the pipes that occurs as a result of falling into its cavity fine dust and soil particles. Therefore, the system needs to be periodically cleaned.

Such irrigation may be carried out by dropping tapes, hard hose with openings of small size or a small diameter plastic pipes. The elements are placed along the beds with plants and connected to a common pipe. For the organization of irrigation of several rows of mounted splitter, which is located at the beginning of the beds. It promotes even distribution of the tape segments. Around a tree trunk tape laid in a spiral. Plastic pipes are usually installed along the fixed beds. Pre-opening are performed therein via hot awl.

Watering the country, depending on the water supply

The water intake in the irrigation system may be performed by one of the following methods:

• automatic;
• semi-automatic;
• mechanical.

The first option is dependent on the wishes of the owner and is given a special program. In this case, the assigned start time or moisture sensors are installed, which will be made with respect to the water supply. You can buy a system off the shelf or organize automatic irrigation with their own hands.

At arrangement of the automatic system is required to use a self-priming pump for watering the garden, garden houses, cottages, which pumps water from the tank. When choosing a machine, you should pay attention to the frequency of the engine and the possibility of adjusting the soft start. It is connected to the time switch checking the operation of the pump unit.

At the organization of automatic irrigation in the country with their own hands, you can purchase a power outlet with a timer, which involves the implementation of a daily or weekly irrigation. This system is most often used for sprinkling. However, it is possible to arrange for other options. As the water storage can be used wells, reservoirs located near the ground area, or centralized water supply system.

Semi-automatic watering involves the implementation of water supply to the common rail by hand. Then the system automatically distributes the fluid through the pipes, adjusting its flow rate and pressure.

Useful advice!At any time by changing the settings, you can go from semi-automatic to automatic mode without overlapping with the water tap.

In mechanical irrigation wetting the beds is controlled by a person who manually opens a valve for irrigation in the country, picking up the required pressure.

Selection of material for irrigation pipes in the country, the characteristics of products

Before watering organize the country, be defined with pipeline pictures selected for the irrigation system. Metal products characterized by durability, reliability, durability and cost affordable. Among the negative factors can be isolated expensive shaped connections and valves, susceptibility to corrosion products, complexity of assembly, which requires special skills.

Plastic products are more modern, practical and affordable. The walls of the pipes are extremely smooth, so that inside the piping will not collect deposits, which excludes the reduction in the throughput capacity of the product. The material is characterized by toughness and durability.

Related article:

Hoses for irrigation: which is better, depending on the purpose and conditions of use
Which is better to buy for the manufacture of the material, type and destination of the product. Recommendations regarding the selection tool. Operation and Storage.

HDPE pipes for watering the country do not react to temperature fluctuations, exposure to corrosive environment, can be used for above-ground and underground laying method. Compound system elements PVC by means of glue, mastic and constructional fittings - this can be done independently without possessing specific skills.

Among the most popular manufacturers of polyethylene pipes can be distinguished company Rehau, Wavin and Ostendorf, which produce high-quality products with high technical and operational characteristics. Price pipes for irrigation in the country is 50-90 rubles. / M.

The most durable and elastic are polyethylene pipes which do not burst when freezing water. The optimal variant products considered diameter 20-40 mm. Compound system elements is performed by soldering. Polypropylene tubes - more economical option. They have high strength and durability. Selected portions are joined by brazing joints or fastening couplings. Buy tubes from manufacturers Rehau, Aquatherm, Banninger, Wefatherm, Ekoplastik, Valtek, Pilsa, Pro Aqua, Santrade can be for 30-60 rubles. / M.

How do watering in the country with their own hands: the main points

Creation of irrigation systems begins with planning. In the first step depict circuit portion with the application of the beds and the plants that need watering. Further embodiments provide for all water that can be performed from a centralized conduit or container for irrigation in the country. Buy a tank of any capacity can be in a specialty store. It is mounted on a two-meter height and the top covered with a lid to prevent the accumulation of debris in the water.

If the area is a well or borehole, it is possible to arrange an alternative water supply. In this case, to determine the pump to water in the country, which is chosen taking into account the desired flow rate.

Important!irrigation system in the country of plastic pipes should be placed so that the whole area was covered. Otherwise, the place would have missed watered manually.

The drawing must indicate the pipes, valves. It should be noted all connections and interlacing tubes. Proceeding from this, it is required to calculate the total number of plugs, tees, splitters, start-connectors (in the case of the organization drip irrigation), sprinklers (at installation sprinkling). Subsequently, a list of necessary materials and equipment for arrangement of water supply systems in the country for irrigation of their own hands.

To select the best pipeline of plastic tubes, since it can be supplied dissolved in water fertilizer or fertilizing. If you are subsurface system preferred thick-walled products. When ground stacking an opaque material is used to help avoid water bloom within conduits.

Useful advice!You should not skimp on materials for the irrigation system. Because it is mounted in the years to come, you should choose high-quality, certified products.

In the case of the automatic watering system will need to purchase an electric controller. It is powered by self-contained batteries. It is also recommended to stock up filters that will save the system from clogging. This is especially important for drip irrigation.

Installation of irrigation and irrigation systems for garden

Laying plastic pipes for watering in the country can be ground or underground. The second option involves the location of all elements on the surface of the system. Installation of the device is pretty fast. In the event of leaks are easy to detect and eliminate. However, the superficial location has its own drawback: the risk of damage to the pipe increases. Moreover, such a spacer can promote easy prey for intruders.

A more preferred embodiment is the installation depth garden watering systems with their hands from polypropylene or polyethylene pipe products. According to the plan is executed trench depth of 30-70 cm, with a slight slope towards the lowest point of the portion. This is necessary in order to ensure the discharge of water from the pipeline at the end of the season. Pipes can be laid without bias. In this case, at the end of the season made them blowing with a compressor.

The next step is the country water wiring by laying pipes in the trench. In the main pipe should be laid sidebar all the taps. For this purpose, use or cross tees. Each finger must be equipped with a valve for controlling the water supply to each portion. For taps can use smaller diameter tubes or flexible hoses for watering the country. At the ends of the pipes are fastened dropper or sprinklers.

The assembled system is connected to the main pipeline, then runs its automation. After completion of the work is carried out to test the system. To this end, it is filled with water. In case they should be removed immediately leak detection. After the test, the trench is dug.

irrigation system, collected his own hands from quality material and is able to serve for many years, having saved the home team section from routine and repetitive work. The main thing - to explore the features of the option selected watering, buy stuff, then you can safely get to work.