28Sep

Frameless hangar: prefabricated and other structures, warehouses, videos and photos

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How to make a frameless hangar - 5 phases of construction of light arch structures

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Table of contents

  • 1 The principle of the manufacture of frameless hangars
    • 1.1 Features of the application
  • 2 Construction of frameless hangar
    • 2.1 Step 1: preparation of tools, equipment and materials
    • 2.2 Step 2: The foundation arrangement
    • 2.3 Step 3: production of arched sections
    • 2.4 Step 4: Assembling hangar
    • 2.5 Step 5: Wall insulation
  • 3 conclusion
Construction of the hangar will cost much less the simplest garage.

Construction of the hangar will cost much less the simplest garage.

Want to quickly and inexpensively build a garage or utility room on the site? I'll tell you how to make easy frameless hangar with his hands using a minimum amount of building materials. You will also learn about all of the positive and negative qualities of arch hangars.

The principle of the manufacture of frameless hangars

Frameless arched hangar - it's easy prefabricated indoor facility, which is based on individual spans a semicircular shape in the form of an arch. Wall and ceiling hanger formed in a single self-supporting structure made of corrugated metal profile.

Construction technology frameless hangars is as follows:

  1. Construction of the foundation. In a selected area of ​​land planning work carried out and then filled with finely recessed strip foundation. By reinforcing frame mounted foundation base constructions for mounting arch spans;
  2. Production spans. Each element of the arch span is made individually from rolled galvanized steel directly on the construction site. Then they fastened on the ground in the whole modules of 3-4 pieces. For these works use a variety of special tools;
  3. Installation of arch spans. Assembled modules are installed on one foundation, and fasten to base constructions using screws. After that, they joined together the entire length of the profile using the Folded rolled machines;
  4. Mounting of end walls. The rear wall is typically sutured vsploshnuyu direct galvanized profile. The front wall aperture is set to the target base plate. The sides of the front wall and sutured profile and on vertical frame strut hung door wing;
  5. Sealing and insulation. Joints arched spans and the foundation in the bottom of a waterproofing bitumen processed and filled with concrete mortar. If required, the finished insulated hangar one of the methods described below.
Door bearing carcass is mounted on its own foundation, and is not attached to the arches of the hangar.

Door bearing carcass is mounted on its own foundation, and is not attached to the arches of the hangar.

Along with the manufacturing techniques described there are hangars collapsible model. They all arched section consists of several modular elements. They gather on the spot, and then joined together by bolting

Features of the application

Most often in the hangars equipped manufacturing or warehouses, covered markets and car parks, as well as the mass cultural and sports facilities (stadium, ice rink, tennis courts and so on.).

In the private sector of light metal hangar can also be used:

  • Garage - the most common variant. And it can be used not only for cars, but also for a large truck or agricultural equipment;
  • Commercial space. For those who are engaged in business in the hangar can organize its own production. This will place it closer to home, and save on rent production space;
  • The attic floor. Frameless arch technology allows for short time to build on insulated attic over any house with a flat roof. This design has a small weight, so do not have a significant load on the building itself;
  • Pig farm or barn. Private farmers can adapt it as a chicken coop, barn or pigsty, and also as a seasonal storage for grain crops, vegetables or fruits;
  • Recreation and Leisure. In cold regions and a long snowy winter, insulated inside the hangar you can equip a children's playground or sports or even an indoor swimming pool.
Frameless construction technology has almost unlimited scope.

Frameless construction technology has almost unlimited scope.

If we compare the frame hangars and frameless arched structures, the latter are more positive qualities in terms of construction and further operation of:

Benefits:

  1. High strength. Due to the ribbed profile of arched spans, such constructions possess high rigidity and good self-supporting capacity, so they do not require an additional frame. Despite the seeming ease, they have the following specifications:
  • The maximum span width - 30 m;
  • Maximum length of the hangar - is not limited;
  • The maximum allowable wind speed - 200 km / h;
  • Maximum snow load - 450 kg / m 2;
  • operating temperature range - from -50 ° C to +50 ° C.
  1. Durability. Due zinc coating metal, the lack of through mounting holes and sealed rebate arched segments, such structures do not require additional waterproofing, and their current operating period of not less than 30 years;
  2. Easy to assemble and dismantle. Frameless hangars are lightweight, so it can be installed on small recessed strip foundation in any type of soil. Spans of small size can be set manually by a few people. If necessary, such a structure can be easily dismantled.
  3. Logistics and speed of construction. All arched elements are produced directly on the construction site. This significantly reduces the cost of shipping materials. By the time of frameless arched hangars are being built in several times faster than any other structures of this size;
  4. Energy efficiency. If we compare identical in floor space with a rectangular shape and arched spans the arch always has a smaller internal volume. This reduces costs for heating and air conditioning.
Due to the smaller of the heated space, for heating the arched hangar requires 30% less heat than for a building with a flat roof.

Due to the smaller of the heated space, for heating the arched hangar requires 30% less heat than for a building with a flat roof.

Disadvantages:

  1. The presence of dead zones. Semi-cylindrical shape of the arch is not very convenient for production or storage facilities with a large-sized machinery, or with rack storage system. In such cases, on the edges of the half-cylinder form the unused space.
  2. Large height of the arch. The height of the arch in frameless designs is typically 40-50% of the diameter of the cylinder conditioned. This means that when the width of the hangars 24 m, the height of the middle point will be 10-12 m. In most cases this height is not necessary, moreover, it will lead to unnecessary losses of heat.
Technology frameless hangars can even be used for the construction of town houses.

Technology frameless hangars can even be used for the construction of town houses.

If necessary, the arch hangars can install skylights, opening shutters for ventilation, additional doors or gates, as well as heating or air conditioning system air.

Construction of frameless hangar

Step 1: preparation of tools, equipment and materials

In addition to the usual set of plumbing and gardening tools, special equipment is required for operation. I must say that the price of these machines is very rather big, so they do not need to buy, and it is better to take a few days to rent.

Tools and equipment:

Illustration Set of tools
ylaoypmaplypaa1 Equipment for use with the profile:
  1. Roll Forming machine - it allows to manufacture of rolled galvanized steel straight sections of unlimited length;
  2. Gofroprokatny machine (Pictured left) - is designed for rolling straight profile of a given radius. He creates on the surface of the metal corrugated folds that increase the rigidity of the profile;
  3. Zabortovochnaya machine - is designed to interconnect two arched segments. By rolling the junction of the two profiles, it bends double metal edges and forms a sealed connection rebated.
ylaoypmaplypaa2 Tools for foundation works:
  1. Schematic construction mixer or blender;
  2. Two metal buckets of the same size;
  3. Shovels and bayonet spade;
  4. Gardening or construction wheelbarrow;
  5. Trowel or trowel;
  6. Hook for mating fittings;
  7. Building level;
  8. Immersion vibrator;
  9. Nails 50-100 mm.
Tools for installation:
  1. Electric hammer drill with a set of drills;
  2. Electric drill with a set of drill bits;
  3. Bulgarian with metal disks;
  4. Arc welding apparatus with a protective mask and the electrodes 3-4 mm in diameter;
  5. Set of wrenches 10 to 22 mm;
  6. Heavy hammer;
  7. Sledgehammer;
  8. Crowbar or mount a length of about 1 m;
  9. Building cord and rope plummet.

materials:

Illustration Description of work
The components of the concrete mortar:
  1. Portland cement M400 or M500;
  2. Clean sand quarry or river;
  3. Crushed granite having a particle size of 25-35 mm;
  4. Cold tap water.

During the construction of a large hangar, I recommend to buy ready-mixed concrete in the mixer motor.
yschapogyrvmparp2 Steel metal:
  1. Thick galvanized steel sheet of 0.8-1.5 mm in rolls of 100-250 m;
  2. Shaped tube or channel cross-section 60x60 - 100x100 mm for the supporting frame gate;
  3. Corner or profiled tube section 60x30 mm for manufacturing gate leaves;
  4. Steel angle section 80x80 for embedded mounting brackets;
  5. Rebar diameter of 8-12 mm, for reinforcing the foundation.
yschapogyrvmparp3 Fasteners and auxiliary materials:
  1. Galvanized screws 8-12 mm diameter and 40-100 mm;
  2. Galvanized screws and washers broadened body of the same diameter;
  3. Steel garage hinges for swing gates;
  4. Bituminous mastic for waterproofing plastering;
  5. Trimming sawn boards or shuttering manufacture.

Step 2: The foundation arrangement

During the construction of pre-fabricated hangars mortgages brackets are cast into the mold together with the foundation. The rest of the production of finely recessed strip foundation is performed by the classical scheme:

Illustration Description of work
plyparyppay1 Planning work:
  1. On a plot to remove the fertile soil layer together with the plant roots at depth 100-150 mm;
  2. With the help of pegs and string to perform construction layout;
  3. Dig a trench width of 500-600 mm and a depth of 700-800 mm;
  4. In the corners and along the perimeter of the trench to dig deep pits in the region of 1000 mm 1000-1500 mm apart;
  5. In the bottom of each pit pour sand layer 100mm thick.
plyparyppay2 Adjustment of inset:
  1. Filling the structure need to weld in a grid of rebars of 12 mm diameter;
  2. They should be set in a pit so that the bars were in the 60-100 mm above the top of the foundation plane.
  3. After installation, each pit pour concrete to the bottom of the trench.
plyparyppay3 Installation of the reinforcing belts:
  1. Primer on the pit bottom and compacted sand fill cushion 100-200 mm;
  2. To mortgage longitudinal reinforcing weld zone welded from the same rebar in a grid;
  3. At the height of the foundation on both sides of the trench to install the formwork.
plyparyppay4 Pouring concrete:
  1. The formwork several layers of fill concrete mortar;
  2. To seal and remove air bubbles, the entire thickness of the cast concrete it is necessary to process a submerged vibrator.
plyparyppay5 Formwork Removal:
  1. The formwork can be removed one week after potting;
  2. Further work can be done only after the final maturation of the concrete;
  3. This may take 14 to 28 days.
plyparyppay6 Angle bracket:
  1. By protruding from the foundation reinforcement rods along the entire length of the foundation you need to be welded corner 80x80 mm;
  2. To him will be attached the lower part of each segment of the arch;
  3. Below the left side photo shows a base plate with the pins;
  4. It is designed for vertical mounting goalpost.

When erecting small hangars, embedded designs can not immediately be poured into the foundation. In this case, out of the corner brackets are secured with anchor bolts to the upper plane of the basement after the concrete pour.

Step 3: production of arched sections

During installation of frameless arched hand sheds, each arched profile mounted separately. If the installation is performed by a crane, then for acceleration operation they are collected from the individual sections of the profiles 3-5 each. The manufacture of such sections is performed in three steps:

Illustration Description of work
Sizing:
  1. The entire body of a hangar is collected from the same type of profile. They should have the same dimensions and the same bend radius;
  2. The width and shape of the cross-sectional profile of a given configuration of the die mechanism of the machine;
  3. Profile length depends on the width of the hangar, and is defined by the formula:

L = S / 2h2,85, wherein:

  • L - length of the workpiece, mm;
  • S - width of the hangars mm.

For example, it is necessary to determine the length of the arch profile for hangar 18000 mm width. According to the above formula we obtain 18000 / 2h2,85 = 25650 mm.
povrpayvnvarov2 Step 1: profiling galvanized sheet:
  1. Roll Forming machine operating in automatic mode;
  2. For the manufacture of profiles need to put on the feed roll galvanizing drum and fill with the beginning of the roll to the receiving mechanism of the machine;
  3. On the control panel set the necessary parameters (length, width);
  4. After starting the machine automatically give the desired profile shape, and narezhet workpiece by a predetermined length.
povrpayvnvarov3 Step 2: rolling profile:
  1. To make the profile of the arched form, it must be rolled in the second machine;
  2. One end of the workpiece is necessary to fill the inside of the rolling mechanism;
  3. On the control panel set the thickness of the metal and the radius of the arc;
  4. After starting the machine, from the back side will come out correctly corrugated profile arcuate shape.
povrpayvnvarov4 Step 3: Folding arched section:
  1. All profiles are interconnected by means zabortovochnoy machine;
  1. To do this, they need to impose on each other, and just combine the two side edges;
  2. That they are not moved, they should be fixed in several places lever clamps or clamps;
  3. Edges of the metal rabbet start between rollers and run zabortovochnuyu machine;
  4. Then it goes its way and will leave behind a strong and tight connection rebated.

Step 4: Assembling hangar

To install the arch span widths up to 16 meters and up to 7 meters in height, you can use portable collapsible timber. Construction of hangars height of more than 8 meters is more convenient to carry out using a crane or telescopic lift:

Illustration Description of work
palparvprvpa1 Rigging:
  1. Before lifting the arcuate section must be secured to a horizontal crosspiece at two points;
  2. It is convenient to use special cam clamps;
  3. They are attached to the standing seam flanging, and can reliably hold the section without damaging the protective zinc coating.
palparvprvpa2 Fixing profile to the foundation:
  1. Hangar assembly easier to carry out from the front or rear end;
  2. Arched segment must be installed so that it goes to both sides of the angle steel foundation outside;
  3. On the inner side of the hangar to corner weld steel plates with holes;
  4. Each plate must be welded opposite the convex portion of the profile;
  5. After final installation and fitting segment profile necessary to drill holes response;
  6. Each arched segment anchored to the foundation from both sides by means of bolts and nuts and washers widened.

On the lower photo shows the view from inside the hangar.
palparvprvpa3 Compound profiles:
  1. After the installation of two adjacent arched segments, they should fasten between a folded joint;
  2. For this purpose, the ends of two adjacent connecting profiles must fill in rollers zabortovochnoy machine;
  3. Make sure the correct position of both arches, you must enable the machine;
  4. Then she goes on radius profile its course, leaving a seam weld;
  5. After beading across the arched section, the machine need to meet on the other side of the hangar, turn off the power and remove the profile;
  6. Thus the need to connect with each other all the radius profiles in the roof of the hangar.
palparvprvpa4 Gates mounting:
  1. Supporting frame for doors should be made of shaped tube or a channel of large cross section, as it will take the full load of the weight of the valves;
  2. It is attached to the base foundation several threaded studs;
  3. For manufacturing the carcass flaps themselves need to use a smaller cross-section pipe;
  4. Outside flap can be sewn with galvanized sheet profile.
palparvprvpa5 Mounting of the front and rear wall:
  1. For sewing the front and rear wall hangars applies a galvanized steel profile;
  2. After fabrication it does not rolled on gofroprokatnom machine, so it remains straight;
  3. Vertical profiles at the bottom are bolted to the corner of the basement;
  4. In the upper part they enter into the cavity of the arch profile, and is also secured thereto by bolts;
  5. Together all the vertical profiles connected by zabortovochnoy machines.
palparvprvpa6 Sealing the bottom of:
  1. The lower part of the arch profiles and all the metal elements to a height of 500 mm from the base coat with a heated rubber-mastic;
  2. On the outer side of the foundation around the circumference set wooden formwork;
  3. The space between the shell and the housing hanger pour concrete solution to a height of 300-400 mm from the base;
  4. A week after pouring formwork can be removed.

Step 5: Wall insulation

Below is a short instruction on warming frameless metal hangar. This can be done in one of three ways described:

Illustration Description of work
Method 1: a double casing with mineral wool insulation.

Such a method is considered the most effective, but at the same time more expensive:

  1. In this case, one hangar being built first;
  2. Inside the arch profile is placed outside the insulation;
  3. Over it fits vapor barrier;
  4. Thereafter, the top is erected another outer casing of the same arch profiles
voapryrpvalvr2 Method 2: insulation of mineral wool and CLADDING trapezoidal sheet.

This method can be used for thermal insulation of any of the already constructed hangar:

  1. As in the first case, first arched segments laid outside the mineral wool slabs;
  2. On top of it is covered with vapor barrier membrane;
  3. It is mounted on top of a crate of thick plywood;
  4. By sheathing is fastened an outer coating of galvanized sheet profile.
voapryrpvalvr3 Method 3: inner spraying polyurethane foam.

This option is suitable for any hangars. Its main advantage - a protection against the formation of condensation on the inner walls:

  1. The polyurethane emulsion is applied to the inner walls in several layers using a special atomizer;
  2. Under the influence of natural humidity, the polymer composition foams and solidifies;
  3. After polymerization on the surface formed by foamed polyurethane coating with a dense outer layer;
  4. It has low thermal conductivity and good resistance to moisture and temperature extremes.

Polyurethane foam is destroyed by ultraviolet radiation, so it can be used only for internal insulation.

conclusion

Now that you know what the hangar and it is being built. Mounting get much cheaper and faster than the construction of any other buildings of the same size. I recommend to view the video in this article, but all your questions can be discussed in the comments.

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