How to implement the lighting in the kitchen: 4 Council on the selection and arrangement of fixtures

Greetings, comrades! Today I want to tell you how best to implement the lighting in the kitchen. We are puzzled by the coverage of relevant existing regulations, finding efficient lamps and luminaires, as well as find out what areas need the most room to bright light. Go!

Kitchen lighting in the interior using light zoning.

Illumination: regulations

The main source of information for us will SNIP 5.26.95, dedicated to the requirements of natural and artificial lighting in different rooms. Annex "C" to it for the kitchen, dining room and other living rooms is recommended illuminance of 150 lux (lumens per square meter).

However, the working kitchen area (table top, where you do the cooking, including cutting vegetables and meat) and, to a lesser extent, to the dining area is better to adhere to the norms of another table of the same application. It shows the illumination standards for workplaces depending on the level of accuracy of work that they performed.

The working surface is equipped with its own lighting.

To work an average accuracy of recommended illumination not less than 400-750 Luke, depending on the degree of contrast of the object of the work with the background. Of these, the general lighting should provide at least 200 Luke, the rest zoned light sources provide.

Tip 1: General lighting should provide illumination of not less than 200 Luke, work area lighting - no less than 400 lux. Recall that the illumination is calculated as the specific luminosity of the light sources involved per square meter of surface to be illuminated.

Selecting fixtures

Let us turn to the choice of lighting. They will pick up on several characteristics.

economy

Do you like to pay big bills for electricity? I also somehow not very much. Therefore, a key requirement for light sources - maximum light output per watt. From this perspective, lights are present on the market are as follows:

Picture	The light source and light output
	incandescent lamp a vacuum flask and a tungsten helix: 10-18 lm / W depending on the power
	halogen lamp It differs from conventional light bulbs Ilicha higher helix temperature that provides more luminosity for the same power (20-27 lm / W)
	compact fluorescent (Energy saving) bulbs - 70 lm / Watt. Substantial losses in the ballast (driver) of the lamp located in its base.
	Fluorescent lamps - up to 100 lm / W
	LED lights Kitchen in the lead: the instruments on the latest generation of LEDs give up to 150 lm / W.

Note that the latest LEDs can provide luminosity to 230 lm / W. However, some power is dissipated as heat in the power converter 220AC / 12DC and conductors.

Tip 2: If you are a priority for energy-saving lighting, preference should be given to LED lamps. Desirable - the latest generation LED (smd 5630, 5730): they provide maximum light output at per watt, so the price of the lumen based on the monthly electric bill will minimum.

The main lighting in the kitchen realized by point LED lights in the false ceiling.

Let's see how our participants look to the other category.

Color reproduction

color rendering index called the level of compliance with the color of the object when illuminated color investigational device under ideal lighting conditions (ie in broad daylight). The maximum value of the index CRI - 100, its decrease relative to this value indicates the unnatural lighting.

When it matters:

• If you want to emphasize the design of the kitchen paintings, photographs, reproductions;

Accurate color illumination allow you to complement the design of the kitchen paintings and reproductions.

• If your appearance is important submitted by you to the table of dishes;
• If one of the beautiful half of your family is used to apply makeup in front of the kitchen mirror. Unnatural lighting make look natural colors that will look bad in daylight.

Here the value of the index in different color lighting:

The values ​​of the luminous flux for various lamps, depending on their capacity.

Why such a low result LEDs? Because they emit light in a very narrow spectral range, and the light of day, by contrast, covers a wide spectrum. Therefore, to obtain a more or less natural light to resort to covering the body of the LED phosphor, partly eliminates this drawback.

Couple subtleties:

• Among the LED lamps provide maximum color rendering index of LED products in the filaments (the so-called filament) with CRI 75-85;
• Different color temperatures give different degrees of color distortion. Most closely matches the daytime sunlight the temperature of 4000 K. Color temperature 2700-3000 K is close to the spectrum of light bulbs and the least eyestrain.

Color temperature scale.

Tip 3: If you're focused accurate color primary or additional lighting, clear instructions - buy galogenki. A reasonable balance between color and provide a cost-effective filament lamps, but they give a diffused light beam with an angle close to 360 degrees. If you plan to mount the ceiling spotlights, you need lamps with reflectors.

The form

Tip 4: general kitchen lighting is better to organize one or more sources of scattered light. For spot use directional light: otherwise the lamp power will not be consumed for lighting working surfaces, and illumination of walls and floors.

Let me specify the board with a few examples. Here's what to look for sources of light distribution by zones:

Picture	Description
	The central chandelier It would be appropriate as a primary light source for a small kitchen. Of course, its height should not interfere with the highest member of the family to move freely.
	Scattered across the ceiling soffits (Spotlights with scattered light beam) suitable for the role of a large area of ​​kitchen lighting.
	pendant lights at low altitude will be very useful over the dining area (directly above the table), and over the seating area, a kitchen-living room.
	Super bright LED strip with light output of 1000 lm / m can illuminate the work surface. For this purpose it is mounted on a downwardly directed teplootvodnyh diffuser with an aluminum profile.
	low-power strip LED 3528 with capacity of about 5 W / m can be illuminated from the inside wall cabinets. It is suitable for covert illumination of the ceiling in the kitchen-living room, which will be used while watching movies.

I have a kitchen-living room lights arranged relatively simple:

• Ceiling Light - LED panel luminosity of 3200 lumens, approximately over the dining table. It provides coverage intended for relaxation and dining areas;

The main lighting in my kitchen-living room - a powerful LED panel on the ceiling. The color temperature of the LED - 4000 K, which corresponds to the neutral daylight.

• The working area is illuminated wall daylight lamp power of 36 watts and a luminance of about 1500 lumens;

The light above the working area - fluorescent lamp with a warm light (3000 K).

• The role assigned to covert illumination lamp wall, located behind the glass door at the outlet in the rear courtyard. It comes with a compact fluorescent lamp 25 W with an E27 base. This lamp is always easy to find on sale and, if necessary, replace with your own hands.

Yield courtyard from the kitchen with illumination between the doors.

conclusion

I hope that my advice and my experience will help the reader to organize an effective and practical lighting in the kitchen. As always, additional material can be found in the video in this article. I am waiting for your comments and additions to it. Good luck, comrades!