Today, rotary well drilling is one of the most common methods that is in demand not only in industry but also on private property When it is required to produce a large amount of clean water in its ecological composition and the uninterrupted operation of the system for a long time, The most optimal is rotary drilling of wells. This method is known for a long time and enjoys constant popularity with owners of private houses living in the countryside sector.
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- main methods of drilling wells
- Common mechanical drilling methods
- Benefits mechanical rotary bed
- Other equipment for mechanical drilling
- Tools for rotary drilling of wells( video)
MainWell drilling methods
Well drilling can be done manually, when there is no need to resort to heavy equipment. But usually this method is used for shallow water sources.
Rotary drilling is a type of rotational technology, as the main working mechanism( bit) rotates continuously inside the well
In this case, the following drilling types are applicable:
- Rotary;
- Shock-cable;
- Abyssinian.
Rotary hand drilling is performed using a spiral-shaped drill and a spoon-shaped device for different types of soil. As a rule, if the soil is gravel, a spiral device is used that makes a vertical notch in the ground. Drilling of sandy soil is made using a cylinder with special holes - spirals.
Shock-and-wire method is applicable to suburban areas, but can be used by small organizations involved in the development of new water sources.
The principle of the drilling machine is to penetrate the ground with the construction of a "glass" suspended from the tripod and accelerating downwards with the help of a winch down. Since the "glass" inside the hollow, the soil is inside it, and later it is shaken out.
Unfortunately, such drilling is productive only on soft soils. When the soil is not retained in the pipe due to flowability, a bailer is used. In comparison with the rotary method, this type of drilling is longer and heavier, but the well bore turns out much better and more accurately.
The easiest and easiest way to drill soils up to 8 meters deep is the Abyssinian. For punching, a rod of steel with a diameter of about 3 cm, having a sharpened end, is taken. The downside is that without accurate knowledge of the location of groundwater, you can spend time on fruitless work. In addition, for pumping water it is possible to use only a surface type pump submerging a water intake hose into the well. But such a device is not capable of creating an acceptable head.
Common mechanical drilling methods
Mechanical laying methods are used for limestone wells, the distinguishing feature of which is the purest water quality. Such deep sources are also called artesian and can give a constant, large volume of quality water, but it is possible to lift it from a decent depth only with the use of complex mechanisms.
Today, the rotary drilling method is one of the most productive and progressive
For this work, basic mechanical drilling methods are required, such as:
- Screw;
- Rotary;
- Column.
By means of these technologies it is possible to obtain wells with a larger diameter. When drilling to a depth of over 20 meters, in any case, you can not do without the equipment intended for this, because it is able to overcome the resistance of stony, hard-to-penetrate layers of soil.
Advantages of mechanical rotary installation
Qualitative deep hole drilling equipment makes drilling with a bit fixed on the drill and driven by a rotor.
Well drilling in a rotary way is probably the most widely used in modern life.
The rotor-based installation and high processability of the process provide significant operational advantages:
- The well has high performance, To supply a large volume of water;
- The water level does not decrease, it comes constantly;
- Hydraulic design has a long working life;
- Water from deep sources does not contain iron and is considered to be drinking water.
Thus, it is an advantageous way to ensure the availability of clean water, which, moreover, enough for watering edible crops, water supply in the house, technical and economic needs.
Other equipment for mechanical drilling
There are other mechanical ways to create mines for water production. When it is necessary to extract water on sandy soil or gravel, auger drilling is most often used.
Screw drilling is advisable to produce in soft and loose rocks
The feature of the technology is the removal of soil from the well by means of rotational movements of the auger - a special rod with blades.
The equipment is compact enough and suitable for small areas where heavy cargo equipment of impressive size can not be used.
Advantages of auger drilling are:
- Fast work execution, due to high process speed;
- Rubbing the soil when it is removed, forming a qualitative well bore;
- No additional mechanisms for removing the rock;
- No rinsing required.
The drawback of the auger construction is a shallow depth and only on soft soils.
Another type of mechanical drilling - columnar, is not very popular, since it is more suitable for exploration due to the small diameter of the bottomhole device. To then expand the wellbore, you have to start the chisel, and the rock that remains in the bottom is removed with washing liquid. The main plus of the installation is that it is self-propelled.
Tools for rotary drilling of wells( video)
Despite the fact that rotor plants are not convenient for winter operation, they still remain on the first place among other types of mechanical equipment, since they can provide the most high-quality and reliable in all parametersDrilling in all types of soil. Relative compactness, drilling speed, application on different types of soil makes them in demand both on the territories of landowners, and on an industrial scale.
