Finnish wooden windows with double-glazed windows

Finnish wooden windows with double-glazed windows are not yet so popular in Russia as plastic eurowindows, but deserve close attention, as they have a design ideally suited for northern regions of the country with severe winters.

Their design somewhat resembles traditional wooden windows, installed earlier in high-rise buildings. They consisted of two glazed doors, which were twisted together by screws, which is extremely inconvenient for their annual cleaning from contamination. The Finnish windows are made according to a similar but improved principle with the use of modern materials and mechanisms. Many models also consist of two flaps, but very simply join together and separate if necessary.

Construction of the Finnish window

The Finnish window with double-glazed windows can be made entirely of wood or have a wood-aluminum structure consisting of frames with double, triple and even quadruple glazing. The general principle of its structure is shown in the diagram below:

glass 1 - Frame profile, manufactured using special technology. It can have a different width - usually from 160 to 205 mm.

2 - Internal double glazing.

3 - External glass.

4 - Silicone sealant applied from the inside and outside of the front glass, which can be replaced with rubber seals.

5 - Aluminum protective profile on the outside of the front frame.

6 - Water drainage profile made of aluminum.

7 - Side profile in aluminum.

8 - Fittings.

9 - Remote frame between glazing units.

Finnish windows can have only swinging mechanisms and open themselves, rotary-swing structures, and in which the part of the frame rises upwards. To ventilate the room, the frames are equipped with a traditional window, a transom, or vent, a closing gap - a valve. Pins and transoms must necessarily have opening limiters that will hold them in the open position.

The Finnish windows are considered to be the warmest, as a wide air gap forms between the sealed flaps, which is an excellent heat and sound insulator.

The most common design is shown in the upper diagram, that is, consisting of a front door with a conventional glass and an internal frame with a double glazed double-glazed unit installed in it. However, other variants are also produced in which single-chamber double-glazed windows are mounted on both the outer and the inner doors.

For the production of wooden frames of Finnish windows, a glued pine beam is most often used, having a porous structural structure and thus having a low thermal conductivity.

Sometimes the front frame is made in a combined version, that is, the wooden frame is covered with a layer of aluminum, or it is even made completely aluminum.

In the design of Finnish windows for connecting the inner and outer sashes, special fittings are used, conveniently joining them together. Due to this, the windows can be opened and closed separately or interact with each other.

. Between the frames, blinds are often installed, for the regulation of which there is no need to open the doors, since the mechanism is designed in such a way that all actions are carried out by the handle installed on the insideframe.

The handle is attached to the louver adjustment cords, which are passed from the interframe space through a special hole in the inner frame.

The order of installation and adjustment process is well represented in this diagram. Blinds are mounted on brackets fixed to the top of the outer frame. The cords of the blinds are passed through the adapter into a flexible rod, which will pass in the interframe space. Then it is carried into the room through a special device. On the frame are fixed two latches, which will hold the blinds in the desired position - one for the cord, the other for the control knob. It should be noted that the design of this mechanism may be different, but the principle of its operation always remains the same.

frame. The advantage of this method of installing the blinds is that they are protected from permanent mechanical influences and dust and dirt get on them.

For Finnish windows, affordable hardware from different manufacturers is used. It can be simple screwed loops and even familiar to all handles ZR-2 with a wrap, which were installed and earlier on wooden windows. But an obligatory condition is rubber or silicone gaskets.

Despite such simple hardware design, the frames in the overall design are so perfectly matched to each other that they meet all the existing standards for double-glazed windows. They provide high noise and thermal insulation, are frost-resistant and durable.

Video: design features of Finnish windows

Why is a tree used for Finnish frames?

Finnish producers have chosen wood as a material for wood frames due to its natural qualities. As you know, Finland is a country with cold winters, that's why natural materials with minimal heat conductivity are chosen for windows.

According to the results of the research, it is known that through the window of any design there is a heat leakage, which is from 15 to 25% of the total heat loss at home. The window consists of a frame, glass and gaskets. Most of the heat flows through the glass surface of a large area, the rest is lost through the gaps, poorly sealed, and the frame material.

With glass - it is understandable, the losses are trying to minimize, installing sealed double-glazed windows. If the seals are installed correctly and have high quality, then only the frames remain, through which the heat will be lost. And the higher the thermal conductivity of the material from which they are made, the more heat will be released to the street. The metal-plastic profile has a higher thermal conductivity, no matter what insulator is placed inside it. The same parameter of wood is much lower, and it is more rational for heat savings. This criterion predetermined the choice of the Finnish companies namely wood, as the material of manufacture for their products.

In addition, the factor of aesthetics and naturalness of the material is important. Let's agree, metal-plastic also has many positive qualities, but it is not a natural "breathing" material. Wood, from time immemorial, was used for the manufacture of window frames and fully justified itself. If windows need to be installed in a wooden house, then the plastic options will be much worse with the walls than wood frames, both from an aesthetic point of view and similar physical and technical characteristics.

Manufacturers of Finnish windows and popular models

Tiivi optimi		Tiivi optimi is the most affordable model in the range of this manufacturer. Today, this version of the window is made in two versions - 1 + 2 and 2 + 2. The low price of these models is due to the installation of a more simplified aluminum profile and the minimum number of leaflets with the opening mechanism for airing the room. "Tiivi optimi" is a rotary double-frame structure, installed in a wooden box made of laminated veneer lumber. The outer frame is made of aluminum, and glass is installed in it, 4 mm thick in version 1 + 2, or a double-glazed window consisting of 2 glasses of the same thickness with a distance between them of 16 mm, for the model 2 + 2. An inner frame made of wood is always equipped with a single-chamber double-glazed window with two panes, a thickness of 4 mm and an internal space of 16 mm wide. The glass unit has a selective coating, a composite frame is installed along its perimeter, and the hermetic space between the panes is filled with argon. The construction is equipped with swivel accessories "Abloy", which is also manufactured in Finland. The heat transfer coefficient of the Tiivi optimi window model having the energy saving class "A" is U = 1.0 W / m² × ° K. The width of the box of this design is 130 mm, and thanks to the use of 4 mm glass and high-quality silicone seals, sound insulation from external noise is estimated by Ra-33 dB.
"Tiivi 1 + 2"		"Tiivi 1 + 2" differs from "Tiivi optimi" with the widest range of colors and the availability of additional equipment. On technical characteristics, this model is almost identical to the previous one. It has the same parameters of the double-glazed window, but instead of its composite frame, in this case, an aluminum frame is used. If desired, you can choose the model "Tiivi 1 + 2", which has a micro-venting valve and is equipped with a mosquito net, as well as interroom blinds and special glass. In addition, the width of the box of this model can vary from 130 to 205 mm, which allows to increase the level of sound insulation to Ra-38 dB.
"Tiivi 1 + 3"		"Tiivi 1 + 3", similarly to the first two designs, has two frames mounted on a pivoting mechanism in a wooden box. However, the double-glazed window has not one, but two air chambers filled with argon and, accordingly, consists of three glasses 4 mm thick. The distance between the glass panes is 14 mm, it is framed by an aluminum or composite frame. The design also has an energy saving class "A", but, if the customer wants, it can be improved. To increase the efficiency of this parameter, another type of double-glazed window is used and the depth of the wooden box is increased - thereby creating a more voluminous air gap between the frames. This model is also equipped with Finnish accessories "Abloy", and the coefficient of heat savings in this version of the window is higher and is U = 1.18 W / m² × ° K. The soundproofing qualities of the model are equal to Ra-35 dB, but when used in a deeper box design, they increase to Ra-44 dB. With these parameters, the model is perfect for installation in an apartment where the windows face a busy road, as it can provide almost complete isolation of the premises from noise. The depth of the "Tiivi 1 + 3" design box varies - 170 or 205 mm.
"Tiivi 2 + 2"		"Tiivi 2 + 2" is equipped with two single-chamber double-glazed windows, the space between which is filled with argon. Glass on double-glazed windows has a selective coating, and is enclosed in an aluminum spacer frame. In the inner double-glazed window, the distance between the panes is 16 mm, and in the outer 12 mm. The thickness of the glass is 4 mm. The model is equipped with fittings of the Finnish company "Abloy", it is possible to install a vent valve, mosquito nets, interroom blinds and special glasses. The construction box is made of glued beams, the depth of the frame is 170 or 205 mm. The coefficient of resistance to heat transfer in this model is U = 1.18 W / m² × ° K, energy-saving class "A".By installing other glasses and increasing the depth of the frame, the characteristics can be improved. At the window with glasses in 4 mm and the depth of the box is 170 mm, the noise insulation is Ra-38 dB.With an increase in the thickness of the glass and the depth of the box, sound insulation rises to Ra-43 dB.
"Tiivi" blind window		The blind, non-opening window "Tiivi" consists of a single-frame structure, which includes elements such as a wooden frame and a double-glazed window with the following parameters: glass thickness 4 mm, distance between glasses 18 mm. The glass has a selective coating, the chamber space is filled with argon, the perimeter of the double-glazed window is framed by a composite frame. The window box is made of laminated veneer lumber, if desired, the window can be equipped with a vent valve, special glazing, and external blinds. The width of the box is 130-205 mm. The coefficient of heat transfer resistance is U = 1 W / m² × ° K. In addition, the outer protective aluminum layer, also at the request of the customer, can be painted in any chosen color, which is selected on the RAL card. The standard colors in which the frames are made are dark brown, gray and white.
Model name and window design	Illustration	Construction description

Windows with wooden and wood-aluminum frames are produced by several Finnish companies, whose products are popular both in Finland itself and in other countries with a harsh winter climate.

Top manufacturers include Tiivi, Lamminikkunat, Fenestra, Profin and Skaala. All these companies have long been engaged in the production of windows and doors. Experts of companies constantly conduct research on the effectiveness of the use of manufactured products, introduce new technological developments to improve the quality of products. Everything is done in order to fully justify the trust of customers.

Windows of Tiivi

Tiivi has been manufacturing high-quality wooden windows since 1977, it is one of the largest producers in Finland. All products of "Tiivi" pass mandatory test tests for sound and heat insulation characteristics, as well as for deformation changes in the wooden structure. The results of the tests are confirmed by independent experts from Europe and Scandinavia in particular, since this region is the main consumer of such products.

According to the technology of this company, the box frame for windows is made of high quality northern pine wood. Then the parts are covered with environmentally friendly paints or Teknos water-based varnishes that give the material high security, making the windows more durable in operation.

The windows of this manufacturer are installed not only in residential buildings, but also in hotel complexes, as well as in manufacturing plants, since they help to save considerably on heating the premises.

There are four types of Finnish windows in the Tiivi range, which differ in their design and the number of glasses installed in the frame. The main characteristics are presented in the table:

Video: overview of the windows of the Finnish company Tiivi

Windows of the company Lammin ikkunat

Production of Lammin ikkunat was founded in 1969, but earlier it had a different name, and only since 1998 acquired the current trademark. During the work the company expanded, created new production facilities, founded subsidiaries. Successful development is based on extensive work experience and high results. Today, "Lammin ikkunat" is widely known not only in Finland, but also in many European countries, including Russia.

are famous for their high quality. Lammin ikkunat uses high-quality coniferous woods and Finnish-made fittings in window production.

The company manufactures windows for individual orders, in which case all the elements of the construction are determined by the customer.

The windows of this company have reliable rotary mechanisms and a rigid box. The external wooden frame, impregnated with antiseptic, water-repellent compositions, glazes from the inside, which makes the operation of the window durable, and the thermal insulation is as reliable as possible. A distinctive feature of the manufacture of the windows of this brand is the presence of a protective profile on the impost and the bottom of the box.

Standard colors that are applied to the frame by spraying are black, brown and different shades of oak - from light to dark "stained".If the customer wishes, the frame can be treated with special protective impregnations that promote long-term operation without any further staining.

The ready-made windows "Lammin ikkunat" immediately install sealing gaskets, gaskets and all necessary fittings, including the clips for the transom or ventilators.

The company produces two-, three- and four-chamber versions of windows. If the customer wishes, special selective glasses are installed on the double-glazed windows.

The depth of the frame will depend on the customer's preference, which is usually based on the thickness of the walls of the building where the windows will be installed. The standard dimensions of the depth of the box, which Lammin ikkunat uses, are 100, 131, 145, 175 mm, but frames are also available on request with other parameters.

• «Lammin» double chamber with triple glazing

This window design consists of two frames. In the outer there is a glass, 4 mm thick, and the inner one is equipped with a single-compartment double-glazed unit.

The outer frame is made entirely of aluminum and perfectly protects the interior against atmospheric influences. In addition, the glass installed in the outer frame, has windproof properties, and the joints of the box with the wall are protected by an aluminum cover.

• "Lammin" with two double-glazed windows

This construction also consists of two frames, which are interconnected by traditional hardware fittings for Finnish windows. The outer frame is usually equipped with a single-compartment double-glazed unit, while the inner frame can have two - or even three-chamber construction. The chambers of the double-glazed windows are filled with argon, which significantly improves the thermal insulation properties of the structure being constructed. Double-glazed windows must be equipped with thermo frames made of composite materials.

. If two double-glazed units are installed in a deep box, a rather voluminous air space forms between them, which also acts as a sound and heat-insulating layer. Between the sash frames, if desired, place the blinds. Frames can be opened simultaneously or separately, which is very convenient when cleaning.

• "STAR" or "ALU STAR"

The STAR or ALU STAR models produced by this company from wood and aluminum stand out as a separate series.

Wood-aluminum structures "STAR" have the advantage over other designs in the following moments:

- The inner frame has two sealing elements and chamfers, which simplifies the cleaning process.

- Under the underside of the outer frame there is an aluminum wide chute, allowing rainwater and condensate moisture to escape from the window.

"ALU STAR" has the strongest aluminum frame of the outer frame of all existing on the market, as its prefabricated profile is equipped with internal stiffeners. It is these elements that prevent the deformation of the structure and ensure a stable position of the loop attached to it. The glass is fixed in the outer frame by snapping, so it can be replaced if necessary.

To any of the models "Lammin ikkunat", when making an order, you can choose a different equipment, which consists of mosquito nets, decorative grilles, jalousie, fittings. Window frames, at the request of the customer, can be laminated or reinforced with reinforcement.

It is possible to order special glasses. So, in the presence of the manufacturer there are fire-prevention, darkened, patterned, hardened or polycarbonate glasses.

The constructions of the window manufacturer "Lamminikkunat" have successfully passed tests in the research and development center of Finland, where they were found to fully meet the standards of the first class.

Windows of Fenestra

Fenestra is the largest window manufacturer in Finland, which manufactures structures from the same two materials - wood and aluminum. Annually under this famous brand more than 300 thousand windows and doors are delivered to the market, made according to the original technology.

are in great demand among consumers. The firm makes several types of structural modifications:

- opening windows( having different designs);

- blind, non-opening windows.

Model name and window design	Illustration	Brief description of model
"Fenestra Polaris"		In the design of "Fenestra Polaris" the coefficient of heat savings is U = 0.80 W / m² × ° K, and therefore it fully meets the requirements for thermal insulation of the opening windows. The outer sash of the window, made of aluminum, has a single-chamber double-glazed window, that is, this design is equipped with two glasses with an air space between them, which provides excellent heat and sound insulation of the premises. The depth of the box can be 130, 170 and 210 mm. The outer side of the outer frame is protected from weathering by means of a reliable aluminum frame. A quality seal protects the internal space of the frame from dust penetration, as well as the room - from external noise. The window box is made of high-quality glued pine beam. The tight fit of the frames to the box provides a durable seal. Protection of the room from ultraviolet and excessive heating is provided by the "SUPERGLASS" glasses. Fenestra Polaris windows have a class "A +" energy efficiency, and the noise insulation index Rw = 39 ÷ 48 dB.
"Fenestra Primus"		This type of construction also belongs to Class A for energy efficiency, and has a thermal insulation coefficient U = 1.0 W / m² × ° K. The depth of the box can be 130, 170 and 210 mm. The aluminum profile of the outer frame is a reliable barrier to atmospheric and other effects on wooden parts. The design is equipped with three outlines of the seal, which provides high thermal and sound insulation. The internal wooden frame is equipped in this design with a single-compartment double-glazed unit. In the frames, a glass is installed, having a thickness of at least 4 mm. The wooden frame is assembled with a stud joint, which makes its construction more rigid.
"Fenestra Fenix"		The coefficient of thermal insulation of the windows "Fenix" is U = 0.89-1.0 W / m² × ° K, and the sound insulation Rw = 33 dB. The depth of the box is one size - 84 mm. The leaf and frame of the frame are made of laminated wood, on the outside they have a protective layer of aluminum, which reliably protects the parts from atmospheric influences. The design can be opened for ventilation, as well as the "eurowindows", in two planes, because it has a mechanism of swing-and-tilt opening. "Fenix" can be assembled according to a scheme consisting of two flaps in the same plane. Most often, such a structure does not have a vertical impost between the leaflets, so when opening it forms an undivided common opening. The advantage of this model can be called simplicity in cleaning, as it will have to tidy up only two surfaces of the window - external and internal. Frames can be made in any color, which is important for interior design of premises. And the ability to choose the right type of accessories will help make the design of the window individual.

Windows of Skaala

The Finnish company Skaala has been operating since 1956 and specializes in the manufacture of windows and doors, supplying its products to the market of many Nordic and Scandinavian countries. In the course of its development, the company has always sought to use all the emerging new technologies in the field of window and door construction.

. Skaala is a well-known company, and it has gained popularity due to the excellent quality of manufactured products having a high energy saving ratio.

catalog. The window models of this company are in most cases manufactured according to individual orders, according to the offered catalog of frame samples that can be made. For a greater impression of appearance, a removable decorative raspsteklovka is used.

Also, at the request of the customer, a straight chamfer can be made, which will give the window austerity, or an imitation of a figured bead, more characteristic of the "classical" style.

Windows can be equipped with one of the microventilating valves - "BIOBE VS" or "BIOBE DUO"

. The company produces windows of different designs that have their own names and differ in some parameters, for example, the width of the box and the numberglasses or features of double-glazed windows.

Between the panes, an absolutely gas-tight aluminum spacer frame is installed, filled with polypropylene - it serves to reduce the thermal conductivity of the box. This design increases the thermal insulation and soundproof characteristics of the window, and also helps to reduce the formation of condensate. The windows do not fog up and have a high resistance to ultraviolet radiation. In addition, the installed selective glasses are able to hold heat inside the room, keep from burning out the surface of the finishing materials, but, at the same time, provide the room with natural light in sufficient quantity.

The company "Skaala" offers for installation several types of glazing - it is sun-protecting, self-cleaning, energy-saving, decorative and fire-fighting.

The standard depth of the box is 130, 175 and 210 mm, and if necessary, at the request of the customer, the depth can be changed to a smaller or larger size.

It should be noted that all models of the company "Skaala" can be made either entirely of wood, or have a wood-aluminum construction. Windows can be deaf or unlockable.

All the products of this company are made from the wood of the slowly growing northern pine, which is distinguished by the highest quality.

These are common characteristics for the windows of the company "Skaala", but each of the models has its own characteristics.

Model name and window design	Illustration	Brief description of the model
"Skaala Alfa"		Windows "Skaala Alfa" have a two-frame construction, equipped with two double-glazed windows( 2 + 2), made of wood and aluminum. The window has a high sound and heat insulation, the coefficient of resistance to heat transfer is U = 1.0 W / m² × ° K. Glasses of this design are equipped with a "FrostFree" coating, which prevents their freezing. Protective aluminum profiles are covered with tinting, which corresponds to the shade used in the construction of the tree. Windows are equipped with fittings selected by the customer, the projecting parts of which are installed in place, when mounting the structure.
"Skaala Beeta"		This model of windows has a wood-aluminum structure and consists of two leaflets. External is equipped with one glass, the standard thickness is 4 mm, but, if the customer wants, its thickness can be increased. Inside has a single-compartment glass unit. FrostFree frost protection can be applied to the surface of the outer glass. The parameters of this model, such as the dimensions, color and type of glasses are made according to the customer's request.
"Skaala Gamma"		The model "Skaala Gamma" can have a different design - it is an opening, consisting of two doors( 2 + 1), having a different depth of the box, or a blind one, which is equipped with a double-glazed windows of three glasses. One of the valve models for microventilating is installed in the blind construction, thus the room does not remain without fresh air. Other parameters and fittings, as well as when buying other models, are chosen by the customer himself.

The main drawbacks of wooden Finnish windows can be considered two factors. The first is that the painted structures will have to be refreshed periodically with a layer of new paint. And the second is a rather high price for such products, which is not "pulled" by every family budget. However, if such windows are still installed in the house or apartment, the owners of the housing will feel their efficiency not only in the winter, but also in the hot season, as they are able to protect the premises and from high summer temperatures.

In the Russian market there are other companies engaged in the production of wooden windows "Scandinavian" design, so before you order in one place, it is worthwhile to conduct a comparative price analysis. Nevertheless, it is still more reasonable to place an order in a company that has earned a high reputation among consumers due to long and high-quality work in the field of production of such window constructions.