In a small two-story houses, the device of a full-fledged staircase often takes away precious square meters, so you have to choose the designs of compact staircases. For example, the "goose-step" ladder with the increased angle of inclination and the cut off in one direction steps. The climb and descent along such a ladder are conducted according to a certain scheme, because of the cut form you can only get up on a certain side of the step.
Ladder "goose step" allows you to save from 30 to 70 percent of the area of the first floor. In houses for permanent residence, the ladder "goose step" is used most often as an auxiliary. In cottages or small cottages for temporary residence, this type of staircase is used more widely.
Description of ladder "goose step"
Stairs of this type can be straight or turnable on strings, strings or bolts. When using a pedestal on strings, the steps of the ladder rest on specially cut out projections in the bearing beams. At the same time, the posts of the handrail are mounted on the steps themselves. The shape of the oblique legs for the ladder "goose step" is quite complicated, with a different profile of the protrusions, so it should be done according to a pre-prepared pattern.
Make a ladder goose step with our own hands
The steps of the ladder with the strings are installed in the grooves in the side beams - the strings, the depth of the groove is 20-30 mm. The grooves are marked by a pattern, not forgetting to alternate them for different widths of steps. For greater strength, the stairs on the strings are pulled together using metal or wooden strings placed under the steps. Railings in such a construction of stairs fix on the strings, trying on the place of balusters and cutting them at an angle.
Ladder design
Bolts are self-supporting elements, pulling stages and accepting loads. Their location depends on the shape of the steps, and in general such a ladder design is quite difficult for self-design.
Fastening the ladder on the hedge
The steps of the ladder are usually made of pine, beech and oak wood. The thickness of the steps should be at least 36 mm, and the width in the wide part - 30 cm. The width of the narrow part is chosen depending on the angle of the slope of the ladder so that it does not overlap the step below, but at the same time possesses sufficient strength to be ablewas fixed on supports. The total width of the ladder should allow one person to move comfortably along it, while making it unnecessarily wide does not need to be done so that you do not have to take too big steps when climbing and descending. The optimum width of the ladder "goose step" is 60-80 cm.
The technology of executing the goose-step ladder with your own hands
With the minimal skills of working with wood, you can carry out a simple straight ladder "goose-step" yourself. For this, it is necessary to make calculations in advance and determine the width of the ladder, the angle of climb, the number of steps and the dimensions of the span in the plan. If you do not have the skills of a designer, you can use the finished drawing.
Ladder technology
Manufacturing of supporting beams
The ladder presented in the drawing refers to small-sized staircases of the drawer type, that is, the steps are supported by grooves in the supporting beams - strings. Bowstring is made of thick dry plank timber. The optimum thickness of the board is 60 mm, width is 30 cm. The recommended angle of the ladder is from 45 to 60 degrees, while the length of each string with a ceiling height of the first floor of 2.5 meters is indicated in the table.
Table The angle of inclination of the ladder to the length of the bowstring
The marking on the prepared board is applied according to a pre-drawn pattern on a thick cardboard. When applying markup, it must be remembered that the steps are in staggered order, alternating on each string with a wide and narrow side. Sockets for landing steps are performed using a hand-held router. To increase the accuracy, you can make a template from plywood or MDF with grooves and a rail, which allows the template to be fixed on the board at the right angle.
The process of marking a prepared board
Manufacturing of steps
The steps are made from a dry pine board 36 mm thick. The board is cut in width, one cutting angle is cut in a straight line or by a pattern, after which the grinder is treated with all sharp corners. The lower stage is performed without cut corners.
Assembling the ladder
The ladder is collected on the floor or other flat surface. Lay one bowstring with the nests up and set the steps in it, piercing the joints with sealant for the tree. On top of the stairs lay the second string and combine the steps with the nests. Fasten the string on the steps with a wooden hammer.
ladder assembly process
drawer installation When loading, the steps bend and then straighten back. At the same time, efforts are being made to divide the bowstring in different directions. To avoid this, in three or four places under the steps set metal or wooden strings. Wooden strands are made of dry bar. They are inserted into specially made through grooves, and the ends are wedged with steel or wooden wedges. Metal strands are studs of the necessary length. Under them in the bowstring, drill a hole of the required diameter, fix them with nuts and cover with decorative elements.
Various ways of fastening bowstring
Installation of a ladder and fastening of a handrail
The ladder is put on the place intended for it, the bottom end resting in a basic bar, and the top one - in grooves of a groove pre-made in a beam. Fasten the support beam to the floor beam using anchor bolts. Handrails for stairs "goose step" should be strong, if the ladder on one side runs along the wall, they are performed only on one side. Support posts of handrails put on the floor of the first floor in the pre-prepared nests, additionally fix them to the studs. Balusters or rails for railings are installed on the upper or lateral part of the bowstring with the help of studs or screws, having previously smeared joints with joinery glue. The railing is fixed with screws from the inside.
ladders and fastening technology
stair finishes The "goose-step" stair usually has a rather steep form, so the step covering should not be slippery. The best option is to finish the stairs with paint and varnish materials, and then fix on the steps of the lining of non-slip material, for example, carpet. Lacquer or paint is applied to all wooden structures of the stairs after preliminary grinding and dust removal. If the tree shows signs of fixing the elements, they are covered with wooden plugs or sealant. If desired, the tree can be given any shade by covering it with stain or wood stain. The coating is well dried, if necessary again grinded with the finest sandpaper and covered with a second layer of varnish.
The ladder "goose step" refers to compact staircases. It looks original and takes up little space, however, in homes for permanent residence may not be very convenient, especially if there are elderly people or small children among the family members. In this case, it is better to install a straight flight of stairs to the second floor or a staircase.
