Ceiling ventilation in the bathroom: installing a fan

The need to ensure air exchange in the apartment is becoming more urgent - this is facilitated by the widespread use of more and more airtight entrance doors, plastic windows and balcony blocks. In this regard, the importance of the availability and serviceability of systems providing air exchange, necessary to maintain oxygen balance and a normal level of humidity, is increasing. Of particular importance is a well-equipped forced ventilation in the bathroom, without which increased humidity in this closed room can lead to very negative consequences.

Types of ventilation

Before we talk about how to make ventilation in the bathroom, let's determine what types of removal of moist air exist. Ventilation systems can be divided into several types depending on their purpose, design and type of air exchange.

Ventilation in the bathroom can be:

• exhaust, providing air outflow through ventilation shafts;
• supply, aimed at providing an additional influx of fresh air, which creates pressure and helps to remove the old;
• mixed, based on the combined action of exhaust and supply ventilation.

Depending on its design, ventilation in the bathroom is:

• channel-free, carried out by wall openings leading to the common ventilation ducts of an apartment building;
• duct used to supply the ventilation pipe to places that need intensive air exchange to remove steam, dust, odors, high humidity.

According to the method of organizing the movement of air, ventilation in the apartment is divided into natural and forced.

1. Natural ventilation. Fresh air is naturally brought into the house through window and door openings due to their incomplete tightness, as well as through ventilation. The movement of air directed inside the room is due to the difference in temperature and pressure outside and inside. More recently, in residential buildings, this type of ventilation was the main one, but due to the increased tightness characteristics of windows and doors, it practically lost its effectiveness.
2. Forced ventilation. Air exchange is carried out due to the operation of the fan, which discharges air pressure and draws it into the ventilation duct. New air comes from other rooms.

Ventilation system requirements

Inadequate ventilation in the bathroom creates an unfavorable climate the smell of sewage, condensation on the walls, the development of mold harmful to human health, damage to the finish. Air exchange should be carried out by removing stagnant old air containing carbon dioxide and water vapor, and replacing it with new, fresh.

According to the norms of SNiP, the flow rate should be 25 m3 / hour for a separate bathroom and 50 m3 / hour for a combined bathroom.

Check

Checking the sufficiency of air exchange in the bathroom and the working condition of the common channel of the house can be done without any instruments. For this, with closed doors and windows, they bring a paper towel to the ventilation grill. If it is attracted, ventilation works properly. When not attracted, the procedure is repeated, opening the door or window. If after this the napkin sticks to the grate, it means that the apartment is too tight, there is not enough air intake. The lack of attraction in this case also indicates that the ventilation in the bathroom is not working.

Based on the results of the verification, the following conclusions can be drawn:

• if ventilation works when the window is open, but not when it is closed, then you need to take care of installing micro-ventilation devices on the windows;

• in the event that when closing the door to the bathroom the air flow stops, it is necessary to take care of installing an additional grille on the door or in the bathroom wall;
• If the ventilation hole does not work, you need to think about cleaning the ventilation duct.

How to improve the ventilation in the bathroom with your own hands? A clogged vertical canal can be cleaned with a vacuum cleaner, success is likely for the inhabitants of the upper floor. In other cases, you will need to call the plumbers to clean from the roof of the house. Another option is a forced draft device. The fan will remove old air if at least a small clearance remains in the duct.

Regardless of the results of checking the natural ventilation in the bathroom, it is recommended to install forced exhaust ventilation, which will help solve the problem of dampness and eliminate other negative factors.

The basis of effective ventilation is a combination of natural and forced ventilation.

Organization of forced ventilation

To make installation of ventilation in the bathroom you will need to do the following:

• choose a suitable fan;
• decide on the device connection diagram;
• to prepare the ventilation duct for work (clear of debris);
• install a device for forced air exchange.

Fan selection

A key role in the proper selection of the device is played by its performance, which must be calculated based on the area of ​​the room. For effective ventilation and ventilation of the bathroom, the air in it should be updated 5 to 8 times per hour.

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Therefore, the fan performance must be calculated by the formula:

5 (8) X bath area + 20% = required performance

Important! When choosing, you need to pay attention to the noise level of the fan - it must be within 35 dB.

Installation and connection of the device

The fan can be placed inside the duct or at the outlet of the ventilation duct. Currently, the second option with the placement of an axial radial fan is the most popular. The installation method of the device depends on its design: the fan can be fixed with liquid nails or dowels, which can be supplied with the device.

Connection options

The most difficult part about installing a fan is connecting it properly. To do this, you need to choose from the proposed options the most convenient connection scheme for you.

• The simplest scheme is to connect the device to a separate lanyard or keyboard switch, which is purchased separately and connected using a wire according to the manufacturer's instructions.
• As a more rational solution, you can use the connection diagram, which will synchronize the operation of the fan and the light switch in the bathroom. This connection method is best implemented at the bathroom repair stage.
• The most convenient option is to install the device with a built-in or connected timer. A fan equipped with a timer will turn on independently after a set period of time, providing the most high-quality and efficient ventilation.

• A non-standard and non-common solution is to connect a device with humidity sensors. The cost of such a device is quite high, but it is the best suited to the conditions of the bathroom.

Mounting Methods

Installing forced ventilation in the bathroom is not as complicated as it seems. Most often, the ventilation device in the bathroom does not require the use of additional ducts. If the niche of the exhaust shaft is located in the bathroom or in the combined bathroom, just install a fan in it.

With a separate bathroom, the exhaust hole is usually located in the toilet, and in the bathroom there is a grill connecting the two rooms. In this case, ventilation in the toilet can be organized using a larger device serving both rooms. You can also use two fans of lower performance: one will distill the air from the bathroom to the toilet, the second - to drive into a common channel.