Device for measuring the air humidity and its features

can be found in this article, what should be the instrument for measuring humidity. The text of the basic varieties devices intended for climate control by measuring the water vapor in the air composition. Here we describe the existing types of devices, their technical and operational features, terms of use.

Device for measuring the air humidity and its specificity

Humidity affects the condition of furnishings, household equipment and well-being. The presence of a certain amount of water vapor in the air depends on the following factors: technological impact, climatic characteristics of the region, the state of communications and construction as a whole, as well as the operating conditions premises.

Standards moisture for a healthy person is considered an indicator of 40-60%. To create optimal conditions for using special devices. Depending on your needs it may be dehumidifiers or humidifiers. To coordinate the operation of these devices used air humidity meters.

Note!There are air-conditioning system with automatic humidity level control function. This type of equipment independently performs measurement of air parameters and adjusts them under the norm.

The measured air humidity in the rooms of a residential type

Measure the amount of water vapor in the home may be improvised means using, for example, fir cones, whose scales are open, if the room is dry, or track the status of the condensate tank with pre-cooled water.

The method involving the use of the container, based on the behavior of condensate on cooled surfaces and the speed with which it takes place the evaporation. Medium in the enclosed space provided equilibrated evaporation and condensation processes is in a state of saturated vapor. If the amount of moisture in the saturated vapor close to the water vapor concentration in the room air, the evaporation process is difficult. This will indicate the presence of an excessive amount of moisture in the room.

How to measure the humidity of the air in the apartment with the help of glasses:

1. Glass container filled with water. For this purpose, suitable not only glass but also a bottle bank.
2. Set container in the refrigerator for a couple of hours.
3. Thereafter, control the beaker and measure the water temperature. This figure should not exceed 50 ° C.
4. The control vessel should be put in a room away from heating appliances.

Note!It is necessary to measure the time to make observation of the behavior of the condensate. It will take 5 to 10 minutes.

If the accumulated condensation on the walls to dry for the specified time, it means that the room is dry. Wet Glass says that in a room optimal conditions with a sufficient level of humidity. If the condensate drops, and large streams flow down the walls of the vessel - this indicates an increased amount of water vapor in the room.

What devices are used to measure the air humidity

More accurate data can be obtained by using special devices. For these purposes, there are several types of devices. The most primitive instruments for measuring humidity in the room are called hygrometers.

This category includes the following devices devices varieties:

• ceramic;
• electronic;
• weight;
• electrolytic;

• condensation;
• hair;
• film.

Each type of these fixtures is constituted by its particular operating principle, for example, constructional feature of the device is the presence of hair tubes U-shaped. Condensation hygrometer is considered the most accurate. He takes measurements with minimal error.

There is another category of devices for the measurement of humidity, they are called psychrometers. Psychrometers varieties:

• station;
• remote;
• aspiration.

Station version of the device - the most popular of them. Its design includes a pair of thermometers mounted on a tripod. Dry thermometer shows the room temperature, a wet cloth is wrapped, one end of which is lowered into a tank filled with liquid (water).

Note!Impossible to lower end of the wet-bulb directly into the tank, otherwise it will display the temperature of the water, rather than air mass circulating over it. Between the end of the device and the container should be a distance not less than 30-40 mm.

Classification of instruments for measuring relative humidity (hygrometer)

The state of human health depends on many factors. An important role in this reserved cleanliness and air humidity. If the moisture in the room would be insufficient mucosal respiratory tract will dry out, whereby a person may develop a disease related to the activity of harmful bacteria.

The most simple hygrometer involve the use of a table of relative humidity, the temperature specified in it, you can get an idea about the state of the microclimate at the moment. The more advanced models have a set of chips that produce their own calculation and display the result on screen in an electronic form.

In addition to designs of the traditional type, offer today's market allows you to buy moisture measuring devices with additional functionality. Such devices are displayed on the screen, and other data:

• the air temperature in the room;
• the current time and date;
• atmospheric pressure.

Note!Some devices are equipped with variety of display system. It informs the owner if the indoor climate has gone beyond the norm. Such function allows time to notice the problem and fix it.

Properties hair indoor humidity meter

This type of device is used for determining a moisture content within 30-80%. instrument design consists of several elements:

• a metal frame in a frame;
• measuring scale (each division step corresponds to 1% moisture);
• human hair (low-fat);
• adjustable via screw arrow;
• a pulley adapted in order to allow onto the free end of hair with the fixed sinker.

Hair hygrometer - a kind of measuring device designed for determining air humidity, mode of operation which is based on the hygroscopic properties of human hair, in other words, the ability to lengthen or shorten under the influence moisture. When the humidity in the room decreases or increases, the hair is weakened or tension on the contrary, increased. As a result, the pulley is rotated and moves the arrow pointing to the scale. This makes it possible to determine the exact measure ambient humidity.

Hygrometer hair type has a significant advantage over other devices. In his testimony can not affect the temperature, as is the case with electrolytic models. For his work does not require electricity, hygrometer operates by mechanical processes.

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How the device is measured by the humidity in its absolute value

In order to identify the current humidity level of the room should be aware of two things: the index of relative humidity and the absolute. The percentage therebetween and constitutes the desired parameter. Therefore, it is useful to know the name of the device for measuring air humidity in its absolute value and its operating principle. Weighting hygrometer measures the amount of water vapor present in the air part of one unit (1 m³).

The apparatus includes a plurality of U-shaped tubes constituting the system. Inside them are hygroscopic substance which absorbs moisture from air masses. According to the system passes certain volume of air which is taken from a single point. Such a design allows to determine the mass of air at the inlet and outlet, as well as its volume. By mathematical calculation is determined by the absolute value.

Interesting fact!A study of steam as one of the air components began in the 16th century. Author of the first scientific papers on the subject, became George. Port. It was published in the 17th century. After the heyday of steam engines in the 19-20 centuries. Scientists are interested in steam again. After serious research in this area in 1963 it has passed the Fourth International Conference, dedicated to his physical characteristics.

Characteristic ceramic devices for determining atmospheric humidity

Ceramic apparatus - commonly used kind of hydrometers, humidity gauges of this type are simple and operate mechanically. The device is made of a ceramic mass, which can be porous or solid. In its structure contains metal elements. Ceramic mass has an electrical resistance, and humidity the room has a direct influence on the level of this resistance.

To the mechanical construction of the device for determining the air humidity will function as follows, in weight of certain ceramic metal oxides to be included. Silica, clay and kaolin are used as a basis.

Features condensing instruments for measuring humidity in the apartment

Condensation hygrometer allows you to get the most accurate reading, reflecting the climatic comfort of the room. It is for this reason that many consumers prefer to buy a room air humidity meter of this type.

device structure consists of the elements:

• metal box;
• thermometer;
• rubber bag;
• heat seal;
• the front wall;
• ring.

Capacitor variety humidity and temperature meter analyzes the amount of condensation that forms on the glass surface. In a special mirror that is chilled by a small beam of light is directed, whereby at the surface appear water droplets or ice crystals. For electronic thermometer account embedded beneath the mirror is determined by the temperature. The apparatus converts the received data to the display showing the level of relative humidity.

Note!Users can select and purchase a device for measuring humidity improved modification. These models feature a display designed to display the readings. The advantage of these devices lies in the long-term stability. Apparatus characterized by a long service life and increased range of action (the device covers from 0 to 100%).

Features electronic temperature gauges and humidity

Features electronic device for measuring air humidity in the room can measure changes in the concentration of the electrolyte, which is coated with a material with electrical insulating properties. Such materials include plastic and glass. Some device versions have an automatic heating function. They measure the dew point.

In addition, temperature fluctuations are taken into account, since it can affect the operation of instrument, though slight, so the device equipped with thermometer, facilitating their operation.

Electronic modification accurate in dimensions, which can not offer mechanical design. The percentage of errors in their work is extremely low.

Consumers can buy a humidity measuring devices having different specificity of work:

1. Air Conductivity measurement - devices determine the value of absolute humidity. To calculate the index of relative humidity is required to measure the temperature.
2. Optoelectronic measuring - instruments measure the dew point, using the chilled mirror. It freezes, then there is a process of its gradual heating.
3. Resistive measurements - the basis of the devices put the effect of changing the conductivity of polymers or salts thereof under the influence of humidity.
4. Capacitive measurements - in the process unit monitors the change in capacitance (polymeric or metal oxide).

How to measure the humidity in the home using psychrometer

Psychrometers are used to determine the index of relative humidity. The device operates by the physical properties of a liquid, in particular its ability to evaporate. In this process, there occurs a difference between the temperature readings of wet and dry thermometer. Liquid during evaporation of the energy lost, due to which the temperature reduction occurs. This change captures the thermometer.

psychrometer design consists of a pair of alcohol or mercury psychrometers. During evaporation of the liquid cooling the wet thermometer. The lower the humidity is, the liquid evaporates rapidly. In turn, the drier the air, the lower temperature parameter displayed wet thermometers. Due to this, and there is a difference between the readings.

Note!Regardless of how the instrument measures air humidity, it is not allowed near the installation of radiators or air conditioners, otherwise the measurements will be inaccurate. In addition, the need to monitor the condition of the material for moisture. It should be clean and wet.

Some psychrometric hygrometers need certain temperature conditions. For example, the maximum allowable rate for low winter is -15 ° C to the maximum summer high temperature limit is 40 ° C. The measurement range depends on the temperature, humidity table environmental indicators can be used as a guide.

The measurement range of humidity table:

air temperature, ° C	The allowable range,%
20 to 23	from 54 to 90
24 to 26	40 to 90
from 27 to 40	20 to 90

The level of humidity in the room: how to measure the amount of water vapor

moisture measuring process using very simple psychrometer. Apart from this value the device measures also the temperature parameter. As a rule, together with an alcohol thermometer, attached to a plastic base, the manufacturer places psychrometric table relative humidity, which allows you to read readings.

There is one important condition for ensuring precise operation device. Psychrometer is extremely sensitive to draft, it is recommended to establish conditions under which the speed of movement in the room air masses should not be more than 1 m / sec., or the difference in the readings, taken from thermometers to be much larger than it actually is, which will result in inaccurate result.

Psychrometric humidity table is used to decrypt the psychrometer readings. The first column of figures are placed dry bulb temperature. The first row displays the difference arising in the course of measurement between the readings of the two thermometers. To receive the actual level of relative humidity, it is necessary to take a value which is formed at the intersection of the corresponding parameter from the first column and first row.

Assman psychrometer - improved modification of the device, which performs measurements more accurately and is not afraid of drafts, as its thermometers are protected against heat and direct sunlight thanks to the metal body.

Home weather station for easy climate control

Consumers pay greater attention to their own health, and striving to bring the performance of air to the optimal value, manufacturers of HVAC equipment offer to buy electronic hygrometer - measuring humidity and temperature and barometer in one instrument. Design with similar functionality is able to fully implement the climate control. However, the price of such devices is high enough.

Such devices not only have a large number of functions, but also have a decorative design. They can optimally fit into almost any interior room. Sales can be found and unusual combination of, for example, baby monitor with built hygrometer. These devices are optimized for children's rooms. Just as there are models with the function of Wi-Fi. They are connected to the World Wide Web, and displays the weather forecast and other data.

Hygrometer will be indispensable assistant in the maintenance of optimal climatic conditions in the house. His testimony helped correct operation of the humidifier or dehumidifier and bring the level of water vapor in the air composition in the norm.