It is already clear from the name of such products that their main purpose is to become an insurmountable obstacle to the spread of flames and smoke. And as inside a particular room, and beyond it( in case of a fire directly in it).On this basis, there are special regulatory documents( GOST, SNiP), which are a guide for all manufacturers of fireproof metal doors.
As an example, let's mention some of them, in which the standardization of such doors is reflected to a different degree. For builders, SNiP for Nos. 21-01 from 1997, 2.08( 01 and 02) from 1989, and for GOST manufacturers№№ Р 53307 from 2009, 26602.( 1 and 2) from 1999 and a number of others.
There is no point in considering the parameters( dimensions, weight) of even typical door models, as their range is huge. In addition, there are products and non-standard, and some manufacturers produce individual samples according to the drawings submitted by the customer( individual execution).
But before you dwell on the general requirements for fire doors, it is worth noting what they are basically. So all the technical conditions for this product and the features of individual models will be clearer. For example, a few pictures.
What is characterized by fire doors
Fire resistance
Defined by the time during which the door can perform its function to prevent the spread of the flame( denoted "R").There are averaged data on the total "burnout" of premises. For residential, this time does not exceed 1/3 hours, for office people - not more than 40 minutes. Although these figures are exemplary, as much depends on the size of the rooms, their "filling", the ventilation system and a number of other factors, they still give an idea of which door model in this plan should be oriented.
Resistance to deformation
This characteristic indicates how long the door will retain the integrity of all dimensions( symbol "E").Consequently, during this time there are no crevices through which smoke and fire can enter the room. The higher this parameter, the better. For example, the presence in the marking of the designation E60 indicates that within an hour such a door is able to reliably withstand fire and smoke.
Reducing thermal insulation qualities of
The door must prevent not only the penetration of the flame, but also the sudden temperature jump inside the room, which it closes( this indicator is marked with the symbol "I").This is especially important if near the opening on the side of the room there are objects that can either catch fire or become worthless( deformed, char, melted) from increased thermal exposure. For example, products of wood plastics, paper products.
In addition, the doors can be characterized by a number of other indicators:
- for most glazed models - "W"( limit level of radiation transfer);
- for all - the limit of smoke resistance.
Metal fire doors are slightly different from wooden analogs( there are also such).Than?
- Frame - usually a metal profile.
- Cloth - steel sheet. On the perimeter on it is fixed the sealant from the smoke and the tape of refractory material.
- The filler is basalt wool. More expensive option - foam fireproof.
Accessory - door closer( mandatory).Lock "turnkey" - only from the outside. From the inside, the fire door must be opened with the help of a pressure handle. This is extremely important, since in the event of an emergency this technical solution can save considerable time for evacuation of people. As a rule, this is a system of "antipanic", when the blade opens from one touch to the handle of the door.
Here, in principle, and everything you need to know about metal fire doors. Since the manufacturers constantly improve something, the specific characteristics of the models should be specified in the passport for the product.
