Such support elements are widely used in the construction sector, especially in the arrangement of various floors. There are several variants of I-beams available in production, which use "clean" wood and materials based on it. The average price is 230 rubles / m.- quite acceptable for most individual developers.
But there are a number of questions that suggest that it is easier to make a wooden double-bar by yourself? First, there will be no problems with its transportation, and secondly, with the adjustment in the place of installation. After all, you will have to be satisfied only with what the market offers.
How to organize an independent "production" of wooden I-beams, what to consider - the topic of the proposed article.
To explain to the reader some of the nuances of making I-beams are pointless. For example, how to make your own grooves to install racks. Each owner has his own instrument( chain saw, milling cutters or otherwise) and a technique.
But a few general comments will not be superfluous:
- Even for overlapping, the same double-bar is not worth using. It is necessary to make an accurate calculation of the loads. Wooden beams have a small weight, but what can they withstand? Therefore, if the assembly is carried out by hand, then it is better to trust the professional to determine the optimum parameters of the I-beam support.
- Before starting "construction", all samples from the wood should be dried. It is still unknown where and under what conditions the material was stored before it was purchased. Failure to comply with this recommendation may lead to the fact that the mounted I-beam is deformed after a while.
Material selection
The concept of wood is general. What exactly is expedient to use for the manufacture of I-beams?
Bar
Practice shows that it is better if it is glued( about its characteristics and advantages read here).Such blanks are least susceptible to deformation. If you read the various descriptions of the finished product, then almost all manufacturers assure the potential buyer that their order / material( along with other advantages) does not absorb liquids, therefore, does not swell and does not rot. Although even a person far from this sphere perfectly understands that, no matter how wood is processed, it is impossible to completely eliminate moisture absorption.
The question of the breed is also important. The author is not going to engage in agitation, but suggests only to remember how our ancestors built. The most problematic part of any frame is the lower crown. It was necessary to protect it as much as possible from the effects of moisture. Therefore, it always took larch for him. This tree, unlike other conifers, contains not just resin, but a special one. It gives the material unique properties. For example, when wet, the wood becomes stronger. Well, what exactly to use - at the discretion of the home master.
The practice of low-rise construction shows that the most commonly used sizes of I-beams are as follows:
It remains to add that the minimum allowable cross-section( mm) is 35 x 25. And this is only for formwork. If you use such an I-beam as an overlap, then the workpieces will have to be mounted as tightly as possible, and this is an increased consumption of wood. Therefore, the bar needs to take a larger section.
Stand
The main options are two - from multi-ply or OSV.Although I-beams and other designs are commercially available, it is better to use these materials for their own work. Preferably the SALT, as they will provide greater strength and durability of the structure due to a special structural composition and production technology.
Adhesive
As a rule, few people pay attention to this. Although all adhesives differ from each other, including, and toxicity. This is what should be taken into account. When choosing a product, you need to familiarize yourself with its composition, especially if it is planned to install floors from I-beams in a residential building. The recommendation is simple - the less "chemistry", the better.
Features of the I-Beam Wooden Beam
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After the preparation of the beams, they are cut out for the subsequent installation of the rack. It should be placed strictly vertically, so special attention is to the accuracy of the marking( kept from the longitudinal axis of the blanks). - Each plate is carefully inspected before use. The slightest defect( and it affects the bearing capacity of the I-beam) is the reason for rejection. The edges of the selected plates are slightly cut out so that the samples fit better into the grooves.
- Cuttings in the uneven bars are smeared with an adhesive compound;in the lower rack is inserted, after which the upper one is applied and pressed.
- The assembly is left in this position until the glue dries completely. This time is indicated in the instructions for use of the formulation.
Qualitative joining of all elements of the I-beam can be provided by lengths of the channel of the same length. They are superimposed on the bars and are pulled together by improvised yokes( rope, belts with carbines and the like), until the glue is completely cured. And only after that the wooden beams-I-beams can be used to arrange the floor.
The process of manufacturing wood supports, like the choice of materials, does not present any special difficulties. Work done with their own hands saves both time and money. But this is justified only if the calculations of the loads are carried out at a professional level. If there is no full certainty that it will be possible to do it on your own, you should not take risks. Overlap is the responsible part of any design, and no savings can justify the violation of design parameters.
