During the construction or repair work, treatment of the tree from decay and moisture must be carried out without fail.
Wood has been used for a long time to date in construction: it is used to build houses, make verandas, benches, roofs, it is used in interior decoration.
But since this material is "alive", it undergoes natural rotting, for the prevention of which various methods are used.
Methods of processing wood can be divided into synthetic and folk.
Contents:
- Traditional woodworking methods
- Protecting wood from moisture
- Protecting wood from rotting
- Protecting wood from insects and fire
- Traditional treatment methods
- Treatment of wooden antiques
- Working with
machines Folk wood processing methods
- The most resistant means of rottingand insects are propolis and vegetable oil. Propolis and oil is taken in the ratio 1: 3.The finished carefully mixed mixture is applied with a soft cloth or a soft sponge to dry, clean wood, which must be completely soaked. To impregnate the oil will require a fairly large amount of time;
- In the old days, resin was the best assistant in the fight against decay. Hot logs covered logs, fences, facades of houses - everything that was built of wood;
- Solution of copper sulfate: diluted 100 g per 10 liters of water. This product requires thorough drying. Wood treated with insects with a solution of copper sulfate can be dried for up to one month( the longer, the better), while it is undesirable to get direct sunlight on it. For these purposes a canopy is made;
- The next tool for treating wood from insects and putrefaction is hot bitumen. But when heated, it releases harmful substances, so this is not the best remedy;
- Wood can be processed with used engine oil, which perfectly protects against rot, fungus, all kinds of insects. Its minus is the synthetic origin, and also oil can promote ignition;
- If the tree has already been exposed to mold, then the affected areas are sprinkled with baking soda, and then spray the vinegar from the spray.
Synthetic methods of processing the material, in turn, are divided into antiseptics, water-soluble and organic, oil, pastes. Synthetic impregnations are numerous. It should be noted that each tool has its own purpose.
Some of them protect from moisture, others from various insects, others - prevent spread of fire, mold and other kind of fungus.
Lessons of professional wood processing on video.
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Protect wood against moisture
The tree at a high concentration of moisture has the property of swelling, layering and then shoving. Avoiding humid air sometimes just is not possible.
And wood itself has a high hygroscopicity. In this case, resort to the use of special solutions.
Solutions for the protection of wood from moisture are divided into penetrating and film-forming.
The first group of tools is more reliable, because it impregnates all wood both from the outside and from the inside.
Treatment of wood from decay by a second group of means should not be a one-time process, the process of applying solutions must be periodic.
The applied agent does not change the color of the material, it only allows moisture not to penetrate and destroy the tree.
Also one of the most effective means is oil which, when applied, can make the color of wood darker.
In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the oil gets into all the cracks and depressions, soaked the material "from and to".
Oil should be applied at regular intervals once a month for maximum effect.
How to protect wood with wax, see the video.
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Protecting wood from rotting
The appearance of mold or fungus is the first sign of the rotting of wood material. In order to get rid of germs with your own hands, you can use the folk method - vinegar and soda.
Wood treatment with antiseptic( before painting) will help in case of already spread fungus.
The most famous tool among antiseptics is "senes".It gives excellent protection( up to 35 years!) To wood products both indoors and outdoors.
"Senezh" is also well suited for a material that has constant contact with moisture and other severe conditions. Why is senesh so popular?
Because of its synthetic origin( it is a safe product) it penetrates deeply and binds to wood, remaining in it for a long time.
"Senezh" is used in the processing of fresh wood and previously processed. If the material has been treated with film-forming coating, varnish, drying oil, paint, then "senes" will be useless.
For proper surface treatment with antiseptic "senes", you first need to clean the wood of dirt, dust and old coating."Senezh" can be applied to damp wood.
This requires an easily accessible tool: roller, brush or spray.
In addition to the antiseptic "seneszh" there are a number of other means, for example, "Neomid 500" - also prevents the appearance of fungus and mold.
"Drevosan Profi" is able to protect wood products from insects. Still there are "Biokron", "Biosept" and others.
Natural and artificial drying are excellent methods in combating premature rot and mold.
Natural minus - the method takes a long period of time, up to several months. The tree is laid under a protective canopy and dried.
Drying technology see video tutorials.
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Artificial - it is used in cases when the drying time is not available naturally. The tree is placed in special chambers or in a container with petrolatum.
If you decide to build a wooden house with your own hands, then when building a foundation you need to calculate everything so that the tree does not touch the ground, and was as high as possible from it.
Video.
Protecting wood from insects and fire
The main pests are weevil beetles, grinders, and also you can meet bark beetles.
It is thanks to them on the wooden surface holes are formed, on the holes in the form of a star you can distinguish beetles bark beetles.
To prevent this "perforation", antiseptic treatment is used.
You can use the same solution "senes", "tonotex" or take on folk remedies: treat with paraffin, wax, tar in turpentine.
Preventive work can be done with ordinary table salt.
If the house or extension is made "from scratch", it is better to pre-treat the wood material with special impregnations and solutions.
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Processing of wood from fire is made by special means, fire retardants. But their use does not help to avoid a fire, it simply contributes to its slower spread.
Fire can only be prevented if there are small fires.
Traditional processing methods
Wood treatment with antiseptic is an important method of protection against decay, insects, fungi, but acrylic and oil enamels, varnishes, varnish treatment, wax remain the main coating of the tree.
Before painting, remove the old coating, clean the surface, eliminate all cracks and irregularities, fill with spackling.
Putty put only a dry surface of the tree, otherwise, cover with linseed oil, stain or varnish will be simply meaningless.
The technology of wax coating has not changed over time, the soft appearance of which is rubbed into the surface with a rag.
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The hard wax is first melted in a water bath, and then the wood surface is covered with wax with a brush.
Acrylic enamels form a surface resistant to external influence: to UV rays, temperature changes. Consequently, such a coating does not require frequent updating.
Lacquer coating is mainly used in interior decoration. Lacquer emphasizes the natural beauty of the tree, provides protection from moisture, resistance to scratches, shocks.
Processing of varnish is applied to all wooden products. Olif can be obtained by heating linseed oil.
But oil in its pure form is difficult to handle in the sense that it is absorbed for a long time and can get dirty. Therefore, synthetic substances are added to the formulation to accelerate drying.
Processing of varnish is used to eliminate insects and as preparatory work before varnishing, painting. If you go through the tree with linseed oil, the consumption of decorative material decreases.
Processing of wooden antiques
For the creation of a special interior, furniture is decorated in the old days. You can do it yourself, at home.
Using a milling hand machine, you can decorate the door or any other object under the old days.
See the video.
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Methods for processing old wood:
- Brashing - is to remove soft wood fibers. The iron brush is the main tool in this business. After the procedure, the tree is polished and covered with stain, linseed oil and varnish on top;
- The old tree can be treated as follows: to raise the pile, the surface is wetted with water and dried, and then ground. Next, apply a stain of dark color on a water basis, which to create a wear effect, slightly moistened with water, without waiting for drying. Further, the tool is taken: a hammer, a drill, an awl, and scratches are made, dents are made. The resulting damage is filled with a dark filler. The surface is once again treated with stain( not water-based) and dried;
- There is a simple way of processing objects under the old days: the main tool is an iron brush, which processes the surface, then the brush is taken, dipped in a glossy white paint, and then it is immediately wiped out almost to dryness. Brushes pass the crests of the object, leaving the dark furrows. From above all is varnished. In this way, you can make individual interior items under the old days with your own hands.
It's not difficult to decorate furniture with antique hands, see the lessons on the video.
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Working with
machines To create a beautiful wooden object with your own hands, you need to have a machine at hand. To work, you do not need a large-sized machine, for manual processing it is quite suitable.
How to properly process a tree with your own hands, you can learn to watch video lessons.
To grind the workpiece, a lathe is used. The planer allows to achieve more accurate dimensions during machining.
Grinding machine is necessary, but when working with small products it is possible to replace with ordinary scum.
The saw is used in cases of a large amount of wood processing. For work at home, these machines can be replaced.
The main hand tool for woodworking is a saw, a hacksaw and a plane. This tool is usually used when fitting small finished objects.
To create a beautiful carving with your own hands use a milling machine. See the video for the threading technique.
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The machine is designed for a large number of wood and its rapid processing, if necessary, you can take it "for hire" or take a conventional tool, make more effort and cope with your own hands.
