Hot and cold water supply device
For use in residential and office buildings, several types of main water pipelines are used:
- Cold water supply;
- Hot water;
- Heating system;
- Waste water treatment - sewerage;
- Fire protection
Internal fire water supply( ERW) serves as a source of water for emergency fire extinguishing inside the premises. Design of this type of structure is regulated by SNiP 2.04.01-85 "Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings".
ERW is of two types:
- Special is mounted only from steel pipes and is used in multi-storey buildings;
- Multifunctional. Connects to domestic or industrial water supply;
The operation rules and technical requirements for this kind of equipment are quite extensive and in order to examine them in detail, a separate publication will be needed. We will not do this, because we have other tasks.
We will try to determine the best options for installing home communications.
For hot and cold water supply in the house use mainly metal and polymer pipes, because only such systems have high operational properties:
- Absolutely smooth internal surface, providing almost 100% slip;
- The wall width is capable of withstanding the maximum internal pressure in the pipe;
- Constructional properties allow operation at high temperatures.
The type of multilayer polymer products is used for hot water. Its inner layer consists of aluminum foil, in other words - metal plastic.
Due to their positive qualities, the plastic pipes are the leading place in the selection of materials for plumbing:
- Very easy to install with fittings or with soldering;
- Democratic price policy allows you to save;
- Due to the chemical composition, such pipes are absolutely non-toxic;
- Durability at the extreme degree of exploitation up to 68-80 years.
That is why in modern apartments and houses it is practically impossible to see metal water pipes.
This is especially true for out-of-town buildings, where initially when planning the laying of communications is meant the use of plastic products. Drawing up the scheme of the water main at the dacha, all the features of the installation and possible freezing of water in the winter are taken into account. And here it should be noted the fact that only metal-plastic pipes do not burst under the pressure of frozen water, and are able to remain in this state until the heat.
Heating in the house
Several types of pipes are used as materials for the heating system:
- Polymer;
- Metal-plastic;
- Copper;
- Steel.
Each of these products can be used for their intended purpose, but if we compare them with each other, we will find out that:
- Metal-plastic at high temperatures is deformed at the joints;
- Corrosion very quickly destroys steel pipes;
- A polymer in the heated state increases in volume.
In any case, the choice will depend on the environment of use of structures and operation features.
Sewage pipeline
The undoubted favorite of the sewage system are plastic products: polypropylene, polyethylene and PVC.They are ideal for waste water disposal due to a number of advantages:
- Cheapness;
- Installation in a couple of minutes;
- High throughput;
- Variety of diameters.
Alternatively, you can purchase reinforced concrete or ceramic structures. But it's better not to experiment, because concrete and ceramics are very fragile, and break easily enough. Another thing is polyethylene, which is capable of withstanding large mechanical loads and even an earthquake of a few points.
