Choosing pipes for drilling
Let's first figure out why a casing is needed. Everyone understands that the soil has a tendency to collapse. Therefore, if you drill without a casing, the installed filters and the borehole will eventually be filled with soil, which means that further repairs will not be possible.
As a casing, it is possible to use such products:
- Plastic pipe;
- Asbestos cement products;
- Pipeline made of metal.
Each of these options, significantly affects the quality of water and the duration of operation of the source.
Consider each of them. For example, for large wells, a steel pipe is often used. It is durable, reliable and with proper installation it can last several decades. On such a pipeline, soil movements have virtually no effect. But, steel is prone to corrosion, which means that rust can get into the water and worsen its quality. It is necessary to install filters or as a casing to use stainless steel, which is worth a lot.
Casing pipes for drilling wells from asbestos-cement can also be used, but they have their drawbacks:
- They are not strong enough to be placed at great depths where the ground pressure is high.
- Due to the small thickness of the walls, it is necessary to make the well wider, which makes this type of work more expensive.
- Asbestos can adversely affect the quality of drinking water over time.
As you can see, the drawbacks are significant, but if the source is at a shallow depth, up to 15 meters, then this product is quite applicable.
And of course the PVC pipeline. It is installed almost everywhere, thanks to the following properties:
- No corrosion and plaque process;
- Have good strength and reliability, which means a long service life;
- Easy to install;
- Easily transported;
- High sealing of joints;
- No adverse effects on water;
- Low cost.
Despite a number of advantages, plastic casing pipes for drilling wells are used at a depth of up to 50 m. The diameter is selected based on the water flow rate and the depth of the well.
We make a well with our own hands. Casing technology
With the help of special equipment, the main element of which is the drill, the drilling process is carried out. The size of the drill should be equal to or slightly larger than the size of the casing. Pipes for casing are inserted alternately, as the drill passes through the soil layers. The pipeline is connected on the ground.
A special powerful pump is also involved in this process, which performs soil washing. Water is served by means of special channels in the storm itself, to soften the earth, to wash stones and fractions.
When the desired depth is reached, the casing is fixed at the top and a feed line is introduced into it to raise the drinking water with a pump.
In principle, if the source is located at a depth of up to 15 meters, you yourself can make a well. To do this, store the following tools:
- drill in the form of a bailer, which must be screwed to the pipe threaded;
- tripod to facilitate the drilling process;
- gate for turning the pipe in the ground;
- hammer, keys and sledge hammer to connect the coupling to the pipes.
Moreover, the casing for drilling wells should be larger than the design of the drill, so that the bailer can easily move along the channel.
During drilling, both the pipe and the drill rotate, which periodically need to be pulled out to remove sand and clay. When the depth of two meters is reached, a casing is inserted into the channel so that the ground does not fill the hole that has been made.
When the required level and the appearance of water in the required quantity are reached, the casing is fixed to the surface. After this, a PVC pipeline is introduced into the channel and the pump is connected.
As you can see, the process is fairly simple, but painstaking. For two days it is quite possible to drill a well up to 10 meters deep.
After the well casing is made, experts advise to fall asleep on the bottom of a little sand and granite or marble chips that will become an auxiliary filter, which means your water will be of good quality.
