Slope of the drainage pipe: SNiP

Drawing up the design of the drainage system

The system is being developed from the geodetic and hydrological calculations of the site. This work is done to determine the operating conditions, as well as the construction of drainage, as well as its basic parameters.

The design should contain:

1. Diagrams and technical drawings of the sewage system and all its elements, both on the surface and underground parts.
2. . The installation characteristics of the gutters are the diameters, dimensions, depth of the laying and the slope of the drainage pipe. SNiP provides standards for these values ​​
3. Dimensions of all elements of the network - wells, fittings, fittings and other parts
4. Technical and economic estimate of the construction of the drainage system

The design documentation should consider the following features:

• Geomorphology of this section
• Climatic features of the zone,in which it is located
• Groundwater level marks
• Characteristics and structure of soils
• Remoteness of water bodies from the construction site

Techno-economicCalculation of

Before starting the construction of a drainage system, it is necessary to compile a full construction estimate that takes into account such operations:

1. Dismantling of reinforced concrete structures
2. The organization and carrying out of earthworks, reinforcement of trench walls and waterproofing of polyethylene film
3. The construction of a double-Laying on the bottom of the trench cushions of gravel or crushed stone
4. Installation of drainage pipelines, reinforcement of bedding layers, and reinforcement of concretingsurfaces
5. Dismantling of roadway
6. Construction of new asphalt concrete pavement
7. Landscape work
8. Preparation of soil for landscape works
9. Construction of temporary structures - bridges, crossings, etc.

Materials needed for construction:

• Gravel or gravel
• Sand
• Perforated drainage pipelines that are geotextiles to avoid ingress of soil particles inside the communications
• Geotextile canvas - fulfills filtration function
• Drainage wells

Installation of the

system It is possible to efficiently drain wastewater from the site if it is possible to build a drainage system in accordance with all the requirements:

1. A sealed sewage network requires excavation - it is necessary to excavate a trench with a depth of 70 cm to 1.5 m and less than 40 cm in width, The recess is tilted towards the sump, the drain pipe is the same as the slope. SNiP provides such values ​​- 1 meter length slope is 2 cm when building in clay soils, for sandy soils this value is 3 cm per 1 m in length.
2. It is mandatory that the lower part of the trench is filled with a layer of gravel or crushed stone 20-30 cm thick, it is trampled, then pipes are laid on it, covered with geotextile, then the layer of expanded clay is laid and the backfilling of the excavation is carried out.
3. Discharge of sewage after transporting them through drains,collection in reservoirs and wells, is carried out in a reservoir.
4. Network maintenance and monitoring is performed using drainage pits made of concrete or plastic.

With proper design and construction of drainage, the elevation of the groundwater level does not rise above the design mark, but decreases slightly, which positively affects the fertility of the soil. If the installation of the system is not carried out correctly, the soils will be waterlogged, which will have a devastating effect on the foundation structures.

The drainage system must be constructed from high-quality construction materials. Regulation of their properties is carried out with the help of such acts:

• GOST 8411-74.- this document contains technical characteristics and operating conditions for ceramic drainage pipelines
• GOST 1839-80.- Features of using asbestos-cement pipes for the construction of non-pressure networks

If you follow the recommendations suggested in the article, you can build a reliable system that will effectively remove excess moisture from the site, which will protect the buildings, communications and crops on it. The main thing is to approach the calculation stage and determine the main parameters of the network - the depth of the laying and the slope of the drainage pipe. SNiP imposes certain requirements regarding this topic, which should be met during construction.