Replacement of the lower rims of the wooden house

A house made of wood is undoubtedly reliable and build, but even it has weaknesses. A few lower crowns of the house, and especially the crown of a crown with the coincidence of time come to a dilapidated state. This is due to various errors in the entry of construction and operation. Wetting of the lower wreath comes from thawed and rainwater due to poorly executed waterproofing of the basement. In addition, today you can still meet a large number of old wooden houses, in which the foundation is completely absent.

Replacing the lower rims of a wooden house requires quite a lot of financial costs, and the work itself is complicated and time-consuming. Often simple calculations show that a new construction in place of an old house will be cheaper than a renovation. However, in some situations it will be more appropriate to replace crowns. This situation can arise when the house is an architectural monument or simply roads, as a memory of ancestors.

Several ways to replace the lower rims of the house

To replace the crowns of the house is only with the invitation of specialists or at least with their supervision. After all, mistakes in technology can lead to the destruction of the whole house, its roof, ceilings or chimneys. At carrying out of such works it is necessary to know some nuances which we set forth further.

Before starting work, it is necessary to understand that the technology of repairing a wooden house depends on many conditions: the size of the house, the technical condition of the foundation and the crowns themselves, the adequacy of the free space near the building, the presence of house extensions under one roof with a house, the presence of a chimney and many other factors.

Replacing the rotted part of the crown without raising the house

There are often situations when only a small part of the log needs replacement, since it does not all rot. In this case there is no need to replace the whole log. This is especially indicated when the house is on a ribbon foundation, from which it is very difficult to raise a house without destroying part of the foundation.

• First of all, we determine by eye where the most damaged area is.

• After this, using a chisel, we investigate how much rot has entered the log. We clear it in both directions from damage. Most often using a chisel reveals that the area of ​​damage is much greater than that that is visible to the naked eye.
• From the edges of the damaged area we retreat by 50 cm in both directions and install wooden ties to a height of 2 to 3 crowns. For this purpose, you can use boards with a thickness of 40 mm, which must be nailed to the frame from the outside and from the inside. In the first and last crown of the screed, we drill holes into which we insert through-studs, having a diameter of about 12 mm.

• Cut the damaged log section with a chainsaw and remove it.
• In the repair crown, we cut the grooves with a width of 20 cm for the reliability of the connection with the new insert.
• From logs of the same diameter, cut out an insert, equal in length to the sawed area with the same cuts at the ends.
• Install the insert on the site of the damaged area. The sledge hammer comes to the rescue, it is necessary to hit it through the
• block. In the cut-off places along the edges of the inserted log we drill three holes and insert wooden nagels into them to fasten the old and new logs.
• In the process of work it is necessary not to forget to slip all the slots with moss, jute or pakley.

In this way, you can replace not only one damaged area, but the entire bottom crown, including the corners. It is worthwhile to understand that such a crown will not be reliable enough, unlike the whole, that's why it is necessary to use this full replacement of the crown only in extreme cases or as a temporary measure.

Complete replacement of all the lower rims of the house

Complete replacement of the crowns is quite a laborious task, as it involves moving through the entire frame. For this, it is necessary that no one lives in the house, for example, in case of restoration of an old abandoned house, a bath or even a new log house. Often this method is resorted to when replacing the upper under-roofing wreaths of the log, which have suffered from excessive moisture.

Replacement of the damaged crown with a masonry

It is possible to lay a brickwork under a wooden house, both with a rise in the structure, and without it. It depends on the type of the house's foundation, on its age and on the amount of money that you want to invest in its repair. In the case when the house has no foundation at all, and it lies on the ground, one can do without lifting. For this, the damaged areas are sawed out, and the formed openings are filled with brickwork, the upper surface of which must rest against the solid logs of the top crown.

Thus, it is gradually possible to change the whole lower crown by laying, alternately removing its parts and replacing them with a brick. In this case, work should begin from the corners, providing in these places more reliable support. The advantages of brickwork are well manifested in the case of an inclined position of the house. In this case, several crowns can be replaced at the lowest part of the masonry, and a high place only in the place.

If there is a basement at the house, it needs to be lifted with a few jacks. Suitable as screw, and hydraulic, although the second is preferable. Initially, the lifting is carried out from the corners, gradually supporting them underneath. When the house is raised to the required height, the foundation surface is cleaned and laid on it brickwork. When carrying out such a procedure, doors and windows must be removed without fail, so as not to damage them.

Partial dismantling of the base plate

The above described method with raising the house can only be applied with a columnar foundation. If he tape, then the house will not be raised without partial destruction, since the jacks have nowhere to be installed. In this case, 70 cm from each corner, you need to hollow out a niche in the monolith, so that the jacks can enter into them. It is necessary to support jacks in good wreaths, therefore the lower one should be cut in the places where the jacks are installed. It is worth noting that instead of a jack, you can sometimes use a long pipe as a lever. However, this is acceptable for a structure with a low weight, for example a bath or a small cottage.

The log is raised to 7 - 10 cm, after which old rotten logs are removed, which are replaced with new logs. After that, the damaged sections of the foundation are being repaired. The disadvantage of this method is the need to destroy the foundation, the strength of which is significantly reduced after repairs.

Lifting a wooden house with jacks and hanging on special devices

In order to make a full repair of the crowns and the foundation itself, the house needs to be fully lifted on the jacks. Well, if the house is located on a columnar foundation. This makes it possible to do without destruction. Between the pillars simply install a solid base under the jack, which can be made from a concrete block.

All also in the first place you need to cut a piece of old logs or several logs. For example, when replacing the three lowest crowns, you need to cut three logs, put a jack and rest it in a solid log of the fourth crown. This method is considered the most reliable and is used most often.

Sometimes it is advisable to hang a house on specially constructed for this purpose metal structures. They are made specifically for a particular house in size. This option is necessary for a quality repair of a wooden house or a complete replacement of the foundation.

The construction is made of metal channels and leads under the frame. At first, the frame is hoisted on several jacks, and then lowered onto a reliable support from the channels. It is noteworthy that the support points of such a structure are moved beyond the framework, which is more convenient and helps to leave the house in a suspended state until the concrete completely withers.

Detailed instructions for raising the house to replace the rims

Since raising the house on the jacks to replace the crowns is the most common option, then consider it in more detail. It should be noted that the process is quite complex and time consuming, therefore it is better to hire a team of professional builders to produce these works. The cost of work in this case should be added to the cost of materials.

Before you raise the house you need to carefully prepare:

• We remove frames and door leaves and even boxes.
• We take out of the house all the furniture.
• In case of a floor tie in the crown, the crown must be completely dismantled or installed on the posts, separated from the crown. If the logs are attached to the walls above, then dismantling is not required.
• Furnaces located in the house must be installed on independent foundations. Otherwise, the house can not be raised without dismantling the stoves.
• Chimneys must be separated from the roof and ceiling slabs.

• The remaining crowns of the house are fastened with boards of thickness 40 mm, which are nailed to the frame vertically 50 cm from the corner of the house. The boards should be placed on the inner and outer sides of the frame. The upper and lower ends of the boards are fixed by through nails, in order to avoid deformation of the walls when lifting.

After completion of the preparatory work, you need to clear the place near the house for convenience. The roof of extensions to the house must necessarily be separated from the main building, so that it does not collapse. Further work is carried out depending on the type of foundation.

With columnar foundation

Raising a house that stands on a columnar foundation is much easier and more convenient.

• We prepare a niche for the jack, for which we will sometimes have to make a tunnel.

• Under the jack a strong support is built.
• The head of the jack rests on the bottom "healthy" log through a metal gasket.

Take 4 jacks one by one on each side. They are installed at a distance of 80 - 100 cm from the corners of the house.

With the

ribbon foundation, even in this case, it is possible to do without the destruction of the foundation, but for this you will have to make a lot of efforts:

• In the replaced crowns, we cut out the windows under which the lever-log could be started.
• Inside the house, the floor must be disassembled so that the lever can freely enter the underground.

• As a lever, you can use a log, a channel or a block.
• The jacks are placed outside the house closer to the foundation.
• Insert a lever into the window and install a strong support from the concrete block or a stack of boards under its inner edge.
• The outer end of the lever is placed on the jack.
• The lever then rises, and the whole house behind it. At this time, it is necessary to lay wedges between the foundation surface and the hanging house.

After raising the house, we replace the rotten logs of the crown. Note that the levers can only lift all sides in turn. Also, after the completion of the work, it is necessary to repair the technological niche through which the lever was actuated.

Replacing the logs of the crown

After the house is hung out on the jacks, you can begin to replace the crowns. Each crown consists of an upper and a lower log, connected in corners. The jacks must rest against the upper logs, which frees the lower logs, which can easily be removed. Instead of them it is necessary to put temporary supports, resting on the next crown.

• Now it is necessary to lower the jacks, along with which the upper beam of the dressing will fall. It must also be deleted.
• Instead of the upper logs, the dressings are fitted with new ones that need to be adjusted in place.
• The upper log is mounted on jacks and insulated with caulking material.
• Then the jack needs to be lifted together with the log, which is pressed against the log of the next crown.
• Lifting the jack a little higher, together with the house, you need to remove temporary supports on all walls.

• Now you need to insert the lower beam of the strap, which is tedious to scrape and fit into the return log.
• Then it is put on the jacks and with caulking material and raised, pressing against the reciprocal log.

At this time, the released jacks on the adjacent walls must be lowered. Before this, it is required to repair and waterproof the entire surface of the foundation to prevent damage to wood in the future.

Thus, replacing the crowns in a wooden house is a rather laborious task, but with the observance of all the technology is quite feasible.