Warming of the concrete floor in a private house

Warming the concrete floor in a private house allows you to save heat, improve the microclimate in the house, and save on heating. It is known that a concrete slab with a large temperature difference from the outside and inside on a "cold" surface forms a condensate, which increases the humidity in the basement and on the ground floor. Warming allows solving this problem.

For insulation of a concrete floor, it is possible to use practically any modern thermal insulation materials, but the main methods of insulation are currently three:

• with fiber insulation - mineral, basalt or fiberglass wool;
• with the help of foamed molded materials - foam plates, polystyrene;
• with the help of spraying polymer insulation - polyurethane foam, penoizol.

All these heaters are quite effective, and depending on the type of insulation, the technology of their laying differs.

When choosing a heater it is necessary to take into account the material features. Fibrous insulation has good heat and sound insulation, does not support combustion, but is afraid of water. When wet, it drastically decreases in volume and loses its thermal insulation properties. Therefore, it is not recommended to use it in wet rooms where leaks are possible, and in the remaining rooms it is necessary to waterproof on both sides.

Polyfoam is flammable, mechanically not durable, although it has a low price. If it is necessary to insulate the floors with minimum costs, you can choose as a foam plate insulation, but it must be closed with a material that redistributes point loads - plywood, chipboard or plasterboard. An analogue of foam plastic - extruded polystyrene foam - does not support combustion, since its bubbles are filled not with air, but with carbon dioxide. It has an increased strength, so it can be used to insulate the concrete floor directly under the concrete screed.

Modern and very effective method of sprayed heat insulation is characterized by the fact that it does not require leveling and surface preparation, it forms a seamless coating, its heat-insulating properties are very high. In this case, the application of sprayed heaters requires the call of specialists with the installation for spraying.

Insulation of concrete floors with fibrous materials

When the concrete floor is insulated with mineral wool, it is necessary to remember its features and follow the sequence of layers. The thickness of the layer of insulation is determined by the features of the material. This information is usually provided by the manufacturer. Usually there is enough 5-10 centimeter layer of mineral insulation.

1. Prepare the preparation of a concrete base: seal cracks, remove stains of fats and other corrosive liquids. The surface of the floor is covered with a vapor barrier film, laying it back and forth. Joints are glued with metallized tape.
2. On the floor lags are fixed, the height of the log should be equal to the thickness of the insulation layer. The distance between the lags is also chosen based on the dimensions of the insulation - the plates or the roll insulation must lie between the lags, leaving no gaps.
   

   Laying lags and mineral wool on the floor

3. On the insulation lay the waterproofing membrane vapor-permeable film with a rough side to the heater, and smooth - to the floor surface. The membrane removes steam from the layer of insulation and does not allow it to damp, at the same time protects it from water leaks.
4. Top put the floor sheet or plywood sheets with a thickness of 10 mm, fixing them with screws to the lags. Over the plywood, you can lay any finish coating - laminate, parquet, linoleum, cork.
   

   Next step laying of floor tile or plywood

Warming of concrete floor with polystyrene

Warming with foam or polystyrene is usually used for concrete screed. These materials are waterproof, so they can be used in the bathroom, in the kitchen and in other wet areas.

1. The preparation of a concrete floor consists of cleaning it from debris and dust, sealing the cracks and leveling the protruding parts and potholes. If the floor has many small irregularities, it can be covered with a thin layer of sand.
2. Insulation plates are laid on the prepared base butt. On the heat insulation plates there are often special grooves that facilitate laying and eliminating the appearance of gaps. Plates are laid over the whole area of ​​the insulated floor.
   

   The process of laying the insulation slabs on the concrete foundation

3. Along the perimeter of the room, a foam damper tape is placed on the lower part of the wall. It is necessary so that when the temperature changes, the screed can expand freely without deformations. The damper tape is either glued to a special layer, or fastened to the dowel-nails.
4. A thick polyethylene film is placed on top of the heater, while the strips are overlapped by 15 cm and pasted with adhesive tape. The film is needed to ensure that when pouring screed concrete does not leak between the heater, and no cracks and voids formed.
5. Lay the reinforcement and pour concrete for the screed, level it and leave it to set. Over the concrete screed, you can then lay any finish coat, including granite and tiles.
   

   Floor laying of polyethylene film and concrete casting

Polystyrene floor polishing technology is used for the implementation of warm water floors. At the same time, the heating circuit is laid on the reinforcing mesh, then poured with concrete.

Thermal insulation of concrete floors with sprayed materials

Highly effective method, requiring the participation of professionals. The insulation is applied to the floor in the form of foam with a closed cellular structure, and after application it expands in size, forming a seamless layer of thermal insulation. The application of foam is carried out using a special installation in which the polymer liquid and carbon dioxide are mixed under pressure.

1. Preparation of a concrete base consists in removing debris and dust, which degrades the adhesion of the foam. It is also necessary to clean the floor of stains of grease, bitumen and solvents - they destroy the structure of the foam. You do not need to level the floor.
2. For the subsequent laying of the flooring, it is necessary to install wooden logs of a bar or board of 40 mm and fix them on the floor with corners, dowels and nails.
3. Before spraying the insulation, it is necessary to moisten the concrete to improve adhesion. The application of polyurethane foam is carried out with the help of a device, spraying foam on the floor surface between the lags. Foam increases in volume after application, this must be taken into account when spraying.
   

   Warming of concrete floor with sprayed materials

4. Frothing is continued for a day, after which it is possible to cover the floorboard, plywood or plasterboard and lay the finish of the floor. Since polyurethane foam is destroyed by exposure to sunlight, it can not be left uncoated for more than a few days.

There are other methods of floor insulation, less effective. For example, the implementation of a dry screed of expanded clay also allows you to create a warming layer. The concrete screed itself, when polymer or cellulose fillers is added to the solution, acquires thermal insulation properties. Choosing a method of insulation of a concrete floor in a private house, it is necessary to take into account all factors, including the way of warming the foundation.