On any suburban area it is necessary to ensure the supply of water. In order to organize an autonomous water supply, it is necessary to drill and equip the well with water. This process provides for a set of measures aimed at installing devices that ensure uninterrupted supply of water under stable pressure. To perform work on drilling a well, one should turn to professionals who have experience and have the necessary modern equipment. After the well has been drilled, it can be built on water independently, for which you will have to purchase certain equipment and consumables.
Well construction
Selection and installation of the caisson
A caisson is a waterproof container of round or square shape designed to protect the well from ingress of groundwater into it, as well as from freezing in the cold season. As a rule, the appearance of the caisson resembles a metal barrel covered with a special anti-corrosion compound or covered with hydroglass, which is designed to increase the life of the entire structure. The caisson should be equipped with a neck, to which the lid is snug. The thickness of the walls of the standard caisson can be up to 5 mm, its diameter is 1 m, the height is usually not more than 2 m.
In order to install the caisson around the hole it is necessary to dig a pit, the dimensions of which are determined by the dimensions of the container. For a standard caisson, a pit is made with a width of 1.5 m and a depth of 2 m. Then a hole is cut in the bottom of the caisson, the size of which depends on the outer diameter of the insulating casing, that is, the pipe that strengthens the borehole walls. The caisson is lowered into the excavated pit, directly above the center of the wellbore, after which the casing is cut off, hermetically welding it by using an electric welding apparatus to the bottom of the metal container( caisson).
The construction of a well for water without the use of a caisson can be performed only when it is not planned for its year-round operation. In this case, the level of occurrence of groundwater is of considerable importance.
For the caisson device, reinforced concrete rings can be used, but they must be completely sealed.
Selection and installation of the
borehole pump. With further development of the well, it is necessary to determine the submersible pump model. In order to choose the right pumping equipment, you must perform a calculation that determines its capacity, as well as the maximum head. To this end, a number of parameters are taken into account, in particular: the depth and diameter of the well, the length of the water pipes, the number of water supply points, the number of water consumption points, etc.
The submersible pump is lowered into the well in such a way that it falls below the constant water level mark. Together with the pump, the following components are assembled:
- - a plastic pipe, through which water will be fed up;
- is a stainless steel cable designed to insure the pump;
- is a cable that controls the operation of the submersible pump motor.
The cable is fixed on the head of the finished well. The pipe and cable are fed into the house in the event that the automatic system and equipment for lifting water is supposed to be located directly in the house, then the cable and the plastic pipe should be brought inside the house. In the event that the possibility of placing water-lifting equipment in a caisson container is envisaged, the area of the structure should be increased.
Example of an installed
pump Installing the
accumulator The next stage in the development of a well for water is the installation of a hydraulic accumulator, without which an uninterrupted supply of water is impossible. The volume of containers can vary from 10 to 1000 liters, depending on the needs. The pressure tank, that is, the accumulator can be installed both in the basement( basement) room of the house, and in the caisson. The hydraulic accumulator is designed to maintain a stable pressure in the system, as well as to reduce the load on the pumping equipment. The main principle of operation is that after the water supply in the accumulator decreases, the pump automatically turns on, replenishing the reserve.
Example of an equipped well
A standard well design scheme designed for a long service life.
Installation and setup of automatic systems
The final stage of work is the installation and configuration of automatic systems consisting of an automatic control panel and a pressure switch.
The relay sets the required level of pressure in the water supply system.
The control panel monitors the start and stop of the pumping equipment, the operation of the pressure switch, the functioning of the "dry run" sensor, and also monitors the readings of the thermal relay sensor. With the help of the remote control, the existing equipment is protected from the effects of jumps in the electrical voltage.
Video-Well Construction by Yourself
