Installation of floor slabs or how to create a reliable frame of the house?

Installation of overlapping slabs - a little theory of

The overlay slab already with one of its names makes it clear what is used for and what functions it performs. This is a building element necessary to create a section between floors. Using this component allows you to redistribute the load on the frame of the building. In addition, it performs heat and sound insulation functions. There are solid and hollow reinforced concrete slabs.

Solid reinforced concrete slabs are highly resistant constructions. Used in multi-storey construction to create interfloor overlap. The disadvantage is the lack of heat and sound insulation, as compared with the void types. They are also very large in weight.

Hollow core boards - the most common in construction. They have excellent insulating properties. Due to the design features, the load on the foundation and frame of the building is greatly facilitated. Allow to cover even 12-meter spans. For private low-rise construction, a light version of these structures is produced.

When purchasing plates at the concrete plant, it is necessary to specify in advance the sequence of their loading / unloading. This is done to ensure that, when installing the flooring, the elements that were initially needed are at the top of the stack.

Preparatory work for the laying of floor slabs

Before installing the floor slabs, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with with the safety technique when conducting this type of work.

1. Lifting mechanisms, cranes and other equipment used for installation must be serviceable and meet all the requirements of Gosgortechnadzor.
2. Only qualified workers who are 18 years old and have completed a scheduled medical examination are allowed to install floor slabs.
3. Workers performing high-altitude work without forests are required to wear safety belts and non-slip shoes.
4. Crane operators and welders must be trained and have special certificates.
5. Do not lift structures that do not have mounting loops.
6. Clean the slabs from dirt before lifting to the object.
7. It is forbidden for people to stay on structures and equipment while they are moving.
8. During work breaks, it is not permitted to leave structural elements and equipment in a raised state, i.e. Aweigh.
9. The installation area must be isolated by special portable fencing.
10. The unloading of structures during unloading / loading can be carried out after checking for stability, and at installation - only after fastening.
11. On the scaffolding and scaffolding it is only possible to assemble, adjust and assemble the structures.
12. You can not perform high-altitude work in icy, foggy, thunderstorms, as well as speeds of more than 14 m / s.
13. Installation work on the construction of subsequent tiers of the building must be made only after fixing all the constructions of the previous tier.

After all workers have been acquainted with the safety rules when performing work on the site, prepares preparatory procedures before laying the floors. They include:

1. Verification of quality certificates for purchased materials.
2. Visual inspection of the surface quality of slabs, accuracy of all geometric parameters, etc.
3. Cleaning of erected structures from dirt, debris and snow, as well as cleaning of all supporting surfaces of assembled structures.
4. The presence of marking on the plates, which determines their design position on the supports.

Laying of floor slabs - take up the work of

The floor slabs are laid using a crane. In addition, for proper installation it is necessary to have: a compressor station, an electric welding machine, a scaffold, hammers, trowels, levels, jackhammers, crowbars, hacksaws and a container for mixing the solution.

Assembly of boards can be done according to the following scheme:

1. The rigger checks the serviceability and presence of all mounting loops, then alternately hooks the slings by the hinges on the plate and orders the crane operator to pull the cable.
2. After verifying the reliability of the hook, and after a safe distance, he orders the crane operator to raise the plate by 2-3 cm. After verifying the reliability of the stitching, he gives the command to move the plate to the mounting area.
3. Installers at this time lay the solution on the supporting surfaces and signal to the operator about the possibility of feeding the plate. Taking the fed panel, orient it to the place of packing.
4. After this, the operator is instructed to smoothly lower the slab while holding it while descending. Level installers check the correctness of laying the plate in height, correcting the deviation by increasing / decreasing the mortar bed. Workers check the correctness of the installation of the plate in accordance with the plan, and if there is a need to change something, then the scraps shift it.
5. Workers instruct the machinist to loosen the slings and unhook the hooks from the mounting hinges of the slab. The crane operator raises the lines, and the assemblers hold them.