Power and low current cable laying

Cable laying PUE

The first thing to consider is the rules for the installation of electrical installations. Such conditions capture the electric light of houses, offices, buildings, illumination of external objects, populated areas, institution territories, advertising light boards, light signs, illuminations, etc. The variant that is valid for today does not include requests for protection of electricity installations from short circuits, overvoltage, fires( GOST R 50571.17-2000), electromagnetic current actions( GOST R 50571.20-2000).

The rules for the installation of electrical installations include the following items:

1. General rules
2. Electricity Sewerage
3. Protection and automatic device
4. Current distribution
5. Electric power installations
6. Electrician lighting
7. Electrical equipment of installations

Laying of cable lines according to the CEE into the construction includes many items and subparagraphs from 2.3. 112up to 2.3.133.

Laying of the power cable

The pulling process of the power cable is carried out in the following order:

• Fastening the drum
• Lifting it with a jack
• Opening the drum body
• Rolling out by gradually rotating the drum and pulling it into the specified gasket.

The laying of the power wire is most economical, if made in trenches. To do this, use wires, armored with steel strips and covered with insulation from the cable yarn. For one trench the norm is up to 6 wires. The gaps between them should be from 100 to 250 mm. If from different service groups, the space increases to 50 cm.

Lay in depth not less than 0.7 m, but when crossing the route - 1 m. If it is not possible to make a gap, then put in the pipes. When crossing with an engineering design, then put a mechanical protection. Just put the cable in the pipe. If there is a cable that is in the given territory before the building is standing, empty pipes for future communications are laid on the side with it.

There is another option - to lay wires in blocks. This, of course, is not the most economical way, but blocks consist of asbestos cement, ceramic pipes or reinforced concrete frames, which doubly protects the wire.

The line that has more than six wires must be routed in the channels. Above you need to put the plates. If the gasket is outside buildings, then cover it with sand. In the most profound channels or tunnels, the cable is routed through cable structures. In tunnels, automatic fire extinguishing apparatus and messages are placed in the presence of smoke. To prevent moisture from entering the tunnel, drainage mechanical machines are installed.

Tunnels, in which there are many communications, are generally considered collectors. In tunnels, collectors, channels it is allowed to use non-armored wires. In distributive structures, wires with armored deposition on top are used. To reduce the spontaneous destruction of metals and active heat transfer, the reservation is painted black. The wires that cross the ponds are placed in pipes buried in the ground. Ground wires up to 20 pieces are made on wooden overpasses. In an especially difficult environment, the boxes of heat distribution networks are laid on each side.

For more information on laying power, see the video on the next tab.

Low-current cable laying

The rules for the installation of low-current networks include:

• Min the space between a number of lying low-current and power flows should be 0.5 m, but when applying the required angle of 90º
• It is forbidden to bring the threads of low-current networks into the riser where
• electric wires are located.wires. Use only the whole coils of the
• wire. The distribution box must be fixed to the wall, but not under the apertures or above them.
• Be sure to ground the bus or any copper conductor
• . All the boxes and blocks are filled to a maximum of half.

Telephone, computer, television networks are referred to low-current networks.

To build such networks, different wires are needed depending on the purpose. For example, a computer network requires the use of copper cables, a 3-category wiring is required for the telephone circuit.
Where to build such networks:

• Underground( cable duct)
• By air( cable transfer from building to building)
• Closed( in trays)



• Open( without risk of mechanical impact)

When pulling the lines, the wires exclude the possibility of risky mechanical overloads in the workingprocedure. Pave, in case of soil movements or deformation under the influence of temperature or light, with an average spatial reserve. In the rooms, this is done in a wave mode in the trays due to cable sags.

It is FORBIDDEN to lay the spare length of the wiring with rings, remember induction.
Cable, which is laid on walls or other level surfaces horizontally, is fixed at end points, at cable turns. Fix with the help of couplings and rubber bands for non-armored species.

Installation consists of two phases:

1. Secure the fixing structures for the
2. cable. Lay and connect to the electrical outlets of the

. After removing the drum body, inspect its outer turns. If they are spoiled, then they cut out, and the insulating sheath is checked by stress loading. Paper insulation is considered dry. After this check, put the hermetic caps on the end.

Laying of power and low-current cables

The laying of any cables takes place in such mounting options:

1. Hidden
   • In brick and concrete;
   • In gypsum plasterboard objects;
   • Under false floor covering
2. Open
   • In plastic cable channels
   • Electrical installation of plastic;

Recommendations for the installation of low-current and power wiring for safety:

1. Do not install in one barrel without partitions;
2. Use shielded cotton wool or mechanical pipes;
3. If possible, lay cables on opposite walls.
4. At intersection to form an angle of 90º
5. The distribution equipment is positioned away from the low-current cable.

In PUE, on the parallel broaching of low-current and electric cables for 1985 in Section 2, Chapter 2.1.2.1.16, we are talking about the complete prohibition of joint cable laying. But if the trays and the boxes have an interfacing boundary plate, then the gasket can be admitted.
On other regulatory documents, there are clearly prescribed cases in which the gasket is completely banned. And this:

• If the effect of one cable on another passes the norm;
• If the possibility of electric shock by the user;
• If there is a chance of an acoustic shock;
• If there is a risk of false alarms;

Let's consider the variants of the transactions, both hidden and open. So, concealed wiring in the walls excludes the possibility of further improvement or, for example, changing the electrical wiring without damaging the wall structure, the only positive thing is the duration of use and the general appearance of such wiring in the wall. The hidden wiring in the plasterboard partitions is low-cost and light in the embodiment, but the plasterboard is not as reliable material as concrete, eventually it is strewed and deformed, which will lead to network damage.

Raised floor is used only with the use of floor hatches, these are small holes in the floor for monitoring. But here the application of these hatches has a list of cons:

• A great price for a short period of work;
• Disadvantages of using
• Snap to tables;
• The option of access to networks, below it.

In general, the use of a raised floor is a convenient solution for offices, a huge minus is the price.
Go to the open wiring. Wiring in plastic small channels is more suitable for transferring the workplace than for creating a new wiring. This is the most budgetary option, but it will look like it accordingly. The next open wire laying in plastic channels.

This is the most optimal option, do not break the partitions, floor and other coatings, while not being dependent on the construction processes that are currently taking place. Also, the speed of the channel fixing is a plus. Also, it is worth noting that any repair work in this channel is easy and without major inconvenience.

If you follow these recommendations, you can easily and quickly choose the option of joint laying of low-current and power cables without any problems and costs.