Wooden lag laying: master class

Floors are spread from various materials. Regardless of the materials used, they must be level, without gaps between the boards and do not bend. Correctly installed wooden logs are the basis for a well-padded floor. Perform work on the installation of the lag and the device of the floors should be in dry weather at plus temperature.

The wooden floors on the logs are subject to strict requirements. They are done once for a long time. The underground must be dry, and the basement part of the building is provided with ventilation holes. Beams and logs are treated with antiseptic means and laid in a dry state with a moisture content of wood not exceeding 12%.

Calculation of beams and selection of wood logs of wooden floor

Logs - in fact, wooden crossbeams on which the floor covering is laid. Properly designed and produced laying of wooden logs ensures the correct distribution of loads, heat and noise insulation. In the free space of the underground, communication systems of water supply and power supply are laid. The main purpose of the lag is flat and dry floors.

Calculation of the cross-section and pitch of the log floor for the wooden floor

The beams are selected from solid coniferous or hardwood. Pine, beech, fir, alder or elm are optimal for lagging. Beam logs have a rectangular cross-section with a height-to-width ratio of 1: 1.5 -2.

1. The step when laying the log is 70 - 75 cm. Depending on the width of the span, the following sections are chosen:

• span 2 m - cross-section of the log 110x60 mm;
• span of 3 m - cross-section of the log 150х80 mm;
• span 4 m - section of the lag 180x100 mm;
• span of 5 m - section of the lag 200х145 mm;
• span of 6 m - section of the lag 220x180 mm.

When selecting the end section of the log, the distance between the lower trim strips and the thickness of the insulation layer is taken into account.

2. The step of the lag directly depends on the thickness of the floorboard:

• board thickness - 35 mm pitch lag - 60 cm;
• board thickness - 40 mm pitch lag - 70 cm;
• board thickness - 45 mm pitch of the log - 80 cm;
• board thickness - 50 mm pitch lag - 100 cm.

Selection of quality wood for flooring and lag

For laying wooden floors on logs, a board of at least 35 mm hardwood is selected. Alder, aspen, beech or oak are quite suitable and popular wood species for flooring. The difference in price depends on the hardness and durability of the wood.

1. For flooring for varnishing, a board of the first grade is selected without knots and damages. Wood for flooring for painting can be selected in the grade below. Pay attention to the moisture of the wood massif. It should be within 12%.Too wet the floor after installation, when dry, can be twisted or twisted. Overdried board has a tendency to crack.
2. To protect lags and floorboards from decay, fungus and bugs, the wood is treated with antiseptic solutions. Reduction of flammability is achieved by impregnating the tree with antiprene. The lower wreaths of the house and the fixing points of the lag are subjected to similar treatment.

Preparation of underground space and house wreaths for installation of logs

Wooden logs are arranged on an earthen, concrete base or on beams. Before the installation of the lag, work is carried out on the waterproofing of the basement and the noise insulation of the floor.

1. The earth space between the lower rims of the house is carefully leveled and tamped. A pillow of sand and rubble is poured. The marking under the support columns is made and the waterproofing film is laid.
2. For a concrete base on a cushion made of sand and concrete, a 8 mm grate welded from the fittings is laid over the waterproofing film. The cells of the reinforcing grid are made approximately 15x15 cm. The base is poured with a layer of concrete 8 - 10 cm thick and a screed is made. In a day, the grasped concrete "zamornitsya."Surface of concrete is moistened, sprinkled with a thin layer of cement and smoothed out with a wide spatula.
3. Dry concrete screed for at least 2 -3 days, and then treated with a water-repellent primer. In the marked places of brick or wooden bars are installed intermediate posts under the logs and the second layer of waterproofing is being arranged. The bitumen mastic is covered with ruberoid or rubemast.
4. Installation of wooden logs on beams is done with screws. Beams are treated with antiseptic impregnation and trimmed with a planer. Beams are not always installed perfectly horizontally. During the fastening of the lag wooden pads are used, and the horizontal fixing is checked by a long building level. For holes in the logs a thin drill drill holes.

Installation of wooden logs under the

floor covering. In the lower crown of the house, if there are no grooves for fixing the logs during construction, it is necessary to patch them. The insertion is made by a turbo-grinding machine with a disc for concrete. The groove is trimmed with a hammer and a chisel.

1. The horizontal plane of the log is exposed and adjusted using a long rake and construction level or rule. The check is carried out along the coordinate axes and diagonals. For the correction and adjustment, rigid wooden or plywood pads are used.
2. The end parts of the lag set in the nests of the lower crown of the house are laid with crushed stone and covered with cement mortar. To the wooden intermediate posts the lugs are fastened with screws. To prevent cracking, the fixing point is pre-drilled.
3. Brick intermediate posts are laid out in such a way that the last brick is perpendicular to the lag. On the bricks the waterproofing from the roofing material is laid and pasted with bituminous mastic.
4. The first two lagging lags are installed at the opposite walls. On them the remaining intermediate lags are leveled and mounted. The projecting surfaces are cut by a plane, and in the places of deflections, linings are installed. Lags are fixed on metal corners and fixed with screws.

Warming of underground space and installation of wooden floor

For warm floor and comfortable microclimate in the room, insulation of underground space and installation of ventilation ducts is carried out, if they were not laid during the construction of the house.

1. Basalt cotton wool or expanded polystyrene is placed in the free space between the lags. In areas with a mild climate, sometimes the cells between the lags are covered with expanded clay. In the lower crown of the house, ventilation holes with a diameter of up to 10 cm are cut, into which metal shells and protective pads with fine metal mesh are inserted.
2. The installation of the wooden floor on the logs starts at the far end of the room. Leaving 10 mm from the wall, the first floor board is set with a tongue and a wall. The gap is subsequently hidden by the baseboard, and it is necessary to compensate for the expansion of wood. In the holes drilled at an angle, nails are driven in or screws are screwed in such a way that the hats are heated 2 to 3 mm.
3. The following rows are tightly pressed and pushed into the groove with a wooden kyanik. It is important to consider that when laying boards of a wooden floor, the annual rings on the longitudinal section of the boards have the opposite direction. Short edged floor board is installed with offset. The last board is fastened with nails or self-tapping screws at an angle of 65 ° - 75 ° in the direction from the wall in such a way that the hats hide the plinth.